AHK/KW/19/1391

Master of Science ([Link].) Semester—I (CBCS) (Statistics) Examination

SAMPLING THEORY
Paper—4
Paper—IV
Time : Three Hours] [Maximum Marks : 80
Note :— All questions are compulsory and carry equal marks.
EITHER
1. (a) Explain cumulative total method with the help of example in PPS sampling.
(b) Define SRSWOR. Show that sample mean square is unbiased estimator of population mean
square in SRSWOR. 8+8
OR
( N − 1) 2
(c) Define SRSWR with the help of an example. Also show that V ( yn )SRSWR = S .
Nn
(d) Define Hurvitz-Thompson estimator and derive its variance. 8+8
EITHER
2. (a) Explain purpose of stratification in survey sampling. List all methods of allocations in stratified
random sampling. Explain any two of them.
(b) Explain how systematic sampling is more praise than SRSWOR if S2wsy > S2 . 8+8
OR
(c) Derive variance of estimate of population mean V( yst ) in stratified random sampling. In particular
find its form under proportional allocation.
(d) Derive variance of sample mean in systematic sampling method. 8+8
EITHER
3. (a) Explain ratio method of estimation. Is it an unbiased estimator ? State its practical utility.
(b) Compare variances of linear regression estimator y l with variance for mean per unit and ratio
estimator and interpret your result. 8+8
OR
(c) In case of two stage sampling, show that sample mean is unbiased estimator of population mean.
Also derive its variance.
(d) Obtain relative efficiency of cluster sampling compared to population with elements. Explain how
clusters are formed so that cluster sampling is more efficient than SRS. 8+8
EITHER
4. (a) Describe the technique of double sampling for estimating strata size in ratio method of estimation.
(b) Describe Warner’s model for unrelated questionnaire method. 8+8
OR
(c) Explain randomized response technique in detail.
(d) Explain double sampling in stratification. Obtain mean of estimator to estimate population mean.
8+8
5. (a) Compare SRSWR with SRSWOR and interpret the result.
(b) State the situation when one should recommend ratio estimator.
(c) Define double sampling with the help of example.
(d) Explain the method of drawing a sample of size 10 from a population containing 100 elements
numbered from 1 to 100 using systematic sampling. 4+4+4+4

CC—9942
 NIR/KW/18/2658
Master of Science ([Link].) Semester—I (C.B.C.S.) (Statistics) Examination
SAMPLING THEORY
Paper—4
Paper—IV
Time : Three Hours] [Maximum Marks : 80
N.B. :— All questions are compulsory and carry equal marks.
EITHER
1. (a) Explain the method of PPS Sampling with replacement. Obtain the unbiased estimator of population
mean and also obtain the estimate of its standard error.
(b) Define Horvitz Thompson estimator. Derive an expression for its variance. 8+8
OR
(c) Define Des Raj estimator of population total and obtain an unbiased estimator of its variance.
(d) Explain SRSWR with an example. Derive variance of sample mean in SRSWR and
SRSWOR. 8+8
EITHER
2. (a) Explain stratified random sampling. Derive an expression for variance of sample mean under
proportional allocation. Compare stratified sampling with proportional allocation with that of
SRSWOR and comment.
(b) For a population with linear trend Yi = µ + iθ; i = 1, 2, ..... N, find expressions for variance
of the estimate of population mean under systematic sampling and SRSWOR. Compare the
efficiencies of the two sampling procedures. 8+8
OR
(c) Prove that :

(n k − 1) s2
V(y sys ) = {1 + (n − 1) ρ }
nk n

where ρ is the intraclass correlation coefficient between the units of the same systematic sample.
(d) Discuss briefly the following two principles under stratified sampling :
(i) Fixing the cost of the survey, minimizing the variance of sample mean
(ii) Fixing the variance of sample mean, minimizing the cost of the sample survey. 8+8
EITHER
3. (a) Define cluster sampling with equal and unequal cluster sizes. Derive the variance of sample mean
in case of sampling with equal clusters.
(b) Explain unbiased ratio estimator and its variance. 8+8
OR
(c) Explain bias of regression estimator. Derive an expression for sampling variance of regression
estimator.
(d) Explain two stage sampling procedure with an example. Obtain variance of sample mean in this
sampling procedure. 8+8

BKR—11832 1 (Contd.)
 EITHER
4. (a) In double sampling, explain the procedure to decide whether reduction in variance is worth the
extra expenditure on the preliminary sample.
(b) Explain double sampling for ratio estimator and hence derive an expression for its bias.
8+8
OR
(c) Explain double sampling for regression estimator and hence derive an expression for its bias.
(d) In Warner’s model of randomized response technique, obtain an estimate of the proportion of
individuals belonging to sensitive group. 8+8
5. (a) Explain Lahiri’s method with an example.
(b) Show that stratified sampling is more efficient under Neyman’s allocation as compared to proportional
allocation.
(c) Obtain an estimator of population mean in case of sampling with unequal clusters.
(d) Explain randomized response technique for related question model. 4×4=16

BKR—11832 2 NIR/KW/18/2658
 NRT/KS/19/2658
Master of Science ([Link].) Semester-I (C.B.C.S.) (Statistics) Examination
SAMPLING THEORY
Paper—4
Paper—IV
Time : Three Hours] [Maximum Marks : 80

N.B. :— ALL questions are compulsory and carry equal marks.

EITHER
1. (a) Derive an expression for the variance of sample mean in case of SRSWR and SRSWOR
and compare the two.
(b) In PPS sampling WOR, derive an expression for sampling variance of unbiased estimator
of population total Y. 8+8
OR

(c) In PPS sampling WOR, derive an expression for V ( Ŷ ) where notations have their
HT HT
usual meanings.
(d) Derive an expression for Des Raj’s ordered estimator for a sample of size two. 8+8
EITHER
2. (a) Explain the procedure of stratified random sampling stating the need for stratification.
Obtain an unbiased estimator of the population mean and its variance in stratified sampling.
(b) Explain the procedure of systematic sampling. Obtain the variance of the estimator of
population mean under systematic sampling. In usual notations, prove that systematic sampling
is more precise than SRSWOR of S2wsy > S2. 8+8
OR
(c) Explain different techniques of allocation of sample sizes to different strata in case of
stratified sampling.
(d) Compare systematic sampling with stratified sampling and simple random sampling for
population with a linear trend. 8+8
EITHER
3. (a) Obtain the expected value of the regression estimator of population mean to the first degree
of approximation. Also derive its variance.
(b) In case of two stage sampling, show that sample mean is an unbiased estimator of the
population mean. Derive its variance. 8+8
OR
(c) Obtain an expression for the variance of two stage sample mean when the units at the
second stage are selected by systematic sampling.
(d) Explain the regression method of estimation. Explain the properties of the regression estimator
under SRSWOR. 8+8
CLS—13516 1 (Contd.)
 EITHER
4. (a) Explain the need of randomized response. Describe randomized response technique for
unrelated question model.
(b) Explain the procedure of double sampling for estimating strata sizes in regression method
of estimation. 8+8
OR
(c) Derive an expression for ratio estimator of population total in case of double
sampling.
(d) Describe Warner’s randomized response technique for estimating proportions related to
sensitive issues. 8+8
5. (a) Show that in SRSWOR, E(s2) = S2 where notations have their usual meanings.
(b) In stratified sampling, bring out comparison between Neyman’s allocation with SRSWOR.
(c) Define ratio estimator of the population mean.
(d) Discuss two situations where randomized response technique is appropriate. 4×4=16

CLS—13516 2 NRT/KS/19/2658
 NRJ/KW/17/3816
Master of Science ([Link].) (Statistics) Semester-I (C.B.C.S.) Examination
SAMPLING THEORY
Paper–4
Paper–IV
Time : Three Hours] [Maximum Marks : 80
N.B. :— All questions are compulsory and carry equal marks.
EITHER
1. (a) Explain the following two methods in case of PPSWR :
(i) Lahiri's Method (ii) Cumulative Total Method.
(b) Define Horbitz-Thompson estimator. Derive its variance. 8+8
OR
(c) Explain ordered estimator. Define Des-Raj estimator. Derive its variance for n=2.
(d) Differentiate between SRSWOR and PPSWOR. State the advantages of PPSWOR over SRSWOR.
10+6
EITHER
2. (a) Define stratified random sampling with an example. Obtain an unbiased estimator of population
mean and derive its variance.
(b) Carry out a comparison of systematic sampling with stratified sampling and simple random
sampling for a population with linear trend. 8+8
OR
(c) Explain the concept of construction of strata and number of strata in case of stratified random
sampling.
(d) Explain systematic sampling with an example. Derive an expression for the variance of the sample
mean. 8+8
EITHER
3. (a) Define ratio estimator of the population mean and obtain its bias.
(b) Define regression estimator. Compare it with that of ratio estimator and usual unbiased estimator.
8+8
OR
(c) Define cluster sampling with equal and unequal sizes. Derive the variance of sample mean in case
of equal cluster sampling.
(d) Explain two stage sampling procedure with an example. Obtain variance of sample mean in this
sampling procedure. 8+8
EITHER
4. (a) Explain randomized response technique. Describe the technique for unrelated question model.
(b) Obtain an expression for ratio estimator in case of double sampling. 8+8
OR
(c) In Warner's model of randomized response technique, obtain an estimate of proportion of individuals
belonging to sensitive group.
(d) Describe the procedure of double sampling for estimating the strata sizes in regression method
of estimation. 8+8
5. (a) Show that in SRSWOR each unit of the population has an equal and independent chance of
being included in the sample.
(b) Compare SRSWOR with Neyman allocation in stratified random sampling.
(c) Obtain an estimator of population mean in case of unequal cluster sampling.
(d) Discuss two situations where randomized response technique is appropriate. 4+4+4+4

POY—28016
 NJR/KS/18/3816
Master of Science ([Link].) Semester—I (CBCS) (Statistics) Examination
SAMPLING THEORY
Paper—4
Paper—IV
Time : Three Hours] [Maximum Marks : 80
Note :— All questions are compulsory and carry equal marks.
EITHER
1. (a) Define SRSWR and SRSWOR with an example. Derive variance of sample mean in SRSWOR.
(b) Explain PPS sampling with an example. State the difference between simple random sampling
and PPS sampling. Explain Lahiri’s method. 8+8
OR
(c) Compare the efficiency of SRSWOR with SRSWR. Interpret the result. Show that sample mean
square is an unbiased estimator of population mean square.
(d) Define Horvitz-Thompson Estimator. Derive its variance. 8+8
EITHER
2. (a) Explain stratified random sampling with an example. State the different allocations in stratified
random sampling. Compare variance of sample mean in Neyman allocation with that of proportional
allocation.
(b) Define systematic sampling. State its advantages and disadvantages. Derive variance of sample
mean in systematic sampling. 8+8
OR
(c) State the advantages of stratification. Explain the concept of construction of strata. Show that :
k
1 1  2 2
V ( y w ) = ∑  − p s
i = 1  ni Ni  i i

where notations have their usual meanings.

(d) If the population consists of a linear trend then prove that :
V ( y w )st ≤ V ( yi )sy ≤ V ( yn ) R
and comment on it. 8+8
EITHER
3. (a) Explain ratio method of estimation. Obtain its bias. Derive its sampling variance.
(b) Define cluster sampling with an example. Derive the relative efficiency of cluster sampling in terms
of intra-class correlation coefficient. 6+10
OR
(c) Explain regression method of estimation. Derive the bias of regression estimator.
(d) Describe two stage sampling procedure with its advantages. Derive the variance of sample mean.
8+8

RQA—33298 1 (Contd.)
 EITHER
4. (a) Discuss ratio estimator in double sampling. Explain how to estimate the strata sizes in double
sampling.
(b) Describe randomized response technique in detail. Give a few situations where it can be applied.
8+8
OR
(c) Explain the regression method of estimation in double sampling for estimating strata sizes.
(d) Explain Warner’s model for related and unrelated questionnaire methods. 8+8
5. (a) Define Desraj estimator and Murthy’s estimator for a sample of size two.
(b) Explain the concept of cost and variance in case of optimum allocation in stratified random
sampling.
(c) Explain unequal cluster sampling. State the estimators that are used in unequal cluster sampling.
(d) Explain the concept of double sampling for stratification. 4+4+4+4

RQA—33298 2 NJR/KS/18/3816
 KNT/KW/16/5829

Master of Science ([Link].) Semester—I (Statistics) (C.B.C.S.) Examination

SAMPLING THEORY

Paper—4

Time : Three Hours] [Maximum Marks : 80

N.B. :—All questions are compulsory and carry equal marks.
EITHER
1. (a) Explain PPS sampling without replacement with an example. Also explain cumulative total method.
(b) Define H – T estimator. Derive its variance. 8+8
OR
(c) Show that in SRSWOR, sample mean square is an unbiased estimate of population mean square.
Explain Lahiri’s method in PPS sampling.
(d) Define Des-Raj estimator. Derive its variance for sample of size two. 8+8
EITHER
2. (a) Explain the concept of construction of strata and number of strata in stratified random sampling.
(b) Explain systematic sampling with an example. Derive the variance of sample mean in systematic
sampling. Discuss advantages and disadvantages of systematic sampling. 6+10
OR
(c) State the different allocations in stratified random sampling. Bring out the comparison between
any two them.
(d) Compare systematic sampling with stratified random sampling and simple random sampling when
the population consists of linear trend. 8+8
EITHER
3. (a) Explain and derive the bias of ratio estimator.
(b) Show that the regression estimator of the population mean is at least as efficient as the ratio
estimator. 8+8
OR
(c) Define cluster sampling with equal and unequal cluster sizes with examples.
(d) Explain the procedure of two stage sampling with its advantages and disadvantages. 8+8

NWN—9930 1 (Contd.)
 EITHER
4. (a) Describe the technique of double sampling for estimating the strata sizes in ratio method of
estimation.
(b) Describe Warner’s randomised response technique for estimating proportions related to sensitive
issues. Give an estimate of the population proportion of subjects having such a property. 8+8
OR
(c) Explain the procedure of double sampling for estimating strata sizes in regression method of
estimation.
(d) Describe Warner’s model to unrelated questionnaire method. 8+8
5. (a) Compare SRSWR with SRSWOR and interpret the result.
(b) Define stratified random sampling with an example. State its principal advantages.
(c) Derive the variance of sample mean in two stage sampling procedure.
(d) Differentiate between double sampling procedure and two stage sampling. 4×4=16

NWN—9930 2 KNT/KW/16/5829
 NKT/KS/17/5829

Master of Science ([Link].) Semester—I (Statistics) (C.B.C.S.) Examination

SAMPLING THEORY

Paper—4

PAPER—IV

Time : Three Hours] [Maximum Marks : 80

N.B. :—All questions are compulsory and carry equal marks.

1. EITHER
(a) Explain SRSWR with an example. Derive the variance of sample mean in SRSWR.
(b) Define T-T estimator. Derive its variance. 8+8
OR
(c) Explain SRSWOR, with an example. Compare SRSWR with SRSWOR. Interpret the result.
(d) Explain ordered estimator. Define Des-Raj estimator. Derive its variance for n = 2. 8+8
2. EITHER
(a) Explain the procedure of stratified random sampling with an example. State its principal
advantages. Derive the variance of sample mean in case of stratified random sampling.
(b) Carry out comparison of systematic sampling with stratified sampling and simple random sampling
for population with linear trend. 8+8
OR
(c) Explain the concept of ‘allocation’ in stratified random sampling. Compare the variance of proportional
allocation to that of Neymann allocation and simple random sampling.
(d) Explain systematic sampling with an example. Derive an expression for the variance of the sample
mean in systematic sampling. 8+8
3. EITHER
(a) Explain the use of supplementary information for the purpose of estimation. Define the ratio
estimator of population mean. Show that it is a biased estimator.
(b) Define regression estimator. Derive its sampling variance. 8+8
NXO—12301 1 (Contd.)
 OR
(c) Describe two stage sampling procedure with equal no of second stage units. Find its mean and
variance.
(d) Describe unequal cluster sampling procedure with an example. State the different estimators in
unequal cluster sampling. 8+8
4. EITHER
(a) Explain the procedure of double sampling for estimating the strata sizes in ratio method of
estimation.
(b) Describe Warner’s model for related and unrelated questionnaire methods. 8+8
OR
(c) Explain the procedure of double sampling far estimating the strata sizes in regression method of
estimation.
(d) Describe ‘Randomised Response Technique’ in detail. 8+8
5. (a) Explain Cumulative Total method in PPS sampling with an example.
(b) Draw schematic diagram in case of systematic sampling. State the advantages of systematic
sampling.
(c) Differentiate between Equal Cluster Sampling and Unequal Cluster Sampling with an example.
(d) Explain the difference between double sampling and two stage sampling. 4×4=16

NXO—12301 2 NKT/KS/17/5829
 TKN/KS/16/6517

Master of Science ([Link].) (Statistics) Semester—I

(CBCS) Examination
SAMPLING THEORY
Paper—4 (MST 104)

Time—Three Hours] [Maximum Marks—80

N.B. :— All questions are compulsory and carry equal
marks.
EITHER
1. (a) Define Horvitz -Thompson estimator. Derive the
expression for its variance.
(b) Explain the following two methods in case of ppswr :
(i) Lahiri’s method
(ii) Cummulative total method. 8+8
OR
(c) Define Murthy’s estimator and obtain its variance
for a sample of size two.
(d) Explain SRSWOR and PPSWOR methods of
sampling. Show that the probability of selection of
a specified unit at a given draw remains the same in
case of SRSWOR while it changes from draw to
draw in case of PPSWOR 8+8

MXP—L—2616 1 Contd.
 EITHER (d) Explain two stage sampling procedure with equal
2. (a) Explain the use of stratification. Obtain an unbiased number of second stage units. Obtain an estimate of
estimator of population mean in case of stratified population mean and its variance in this method.
sampling. Give two practical illustrations where 8+8
stratified sampling can be used. EITHER
(b) Describe the procedure of systematic sampling. 4. (a) Explain randomized response technique. Describe
Compare systematic sampling with stratified sampling the technique for unrelated question model.
and simple random sampling when population consists (b) Explain the procedure of double sample. Obtain an
of a linear model. 6+10 unbiased estimator of population mean and derive
OR its variance. 8+8
(c) Explain different types of allocations in stratified OR
random sampling. Derive an expression for the (c) In Warner’s model of randomized response technique,
variance of the estimate of population mean under obtain the estimate of proportion of individuals
Neyman allocation. belonging to sensitive group.
(d) Derive variance of estimator of population mean in (d) In case of double sampling, obtain the expression
case of systematic sampling in terms of intraclass for ratio estimator. 9+7
correlation coefficient between the units of the same 5. (a) Define an ordered estimator proposed by Desraj.
systematic sample. 8+8 (b) Derive an expression for the variance of the estimate
EITHER of population mean under proportional allocation.
3. (a) Explain the method of cluster sampling. Derive an (c) Obtain an unbiased estimator of population mean in
expression for variances of sample mean for equal case of cluster sampling when clusters are of unequal
cluster sizes. sizes.
(b) Define regression estimator. Derive an expression (d) Discuss two situations where randomized response
for variance of regression estimator. 9+7 technique is appropriate. 4+4+4+4
OR
(c) Derive ratio estimator of population mean. Obtain
its bias. Derive the condition under which bias reduces
to zero.
MXP—L—2616 2 Contd. MXP—L—2616 3 125