1. Identify the correct answer(s).
Entropy is
a) a property b) not a property c) equivalent to energy d) a path function
Ans: (a) a property
2. Identify the correct answer(s).
During an irreversible process from 1 to 2, the change of entropy
a) Cannot be determined.
b) Is equal to the change of entropy during a reversible process between 1 and 2.
2
Q
c) equal to
1
T
Q
2
d) equal to 1 T rev
Ans: (b) and (d).
3. During a cycle, there are two isothermal heat transfer processes, 1-2 and 3-4. 1Q2 = -450
and 3Q4 =1200 in some unit. The corresponding temperatures in absolute scale are 300 K
and 800 K respectively. Identify correct statements.
a) The cycle obeys Clausius’ inequality
b) The cycle violates the second law of thermodynamics.
c) The cycle is a reversible cycle.
d) Data are insufficient to examine the reversibility of the cycle.
Ans: (a) and (c)
Q 450 1200
T
300
800
1.5 1.5 0
So, the cycle is a reversible cycle and it follows Clausius’ inequality.
4. There are two sources of thermal energy, the first one is of 3000 units at 450K and the
second one is of 1000 unit at 900K. The theoretical potential of recovering waste heat from
these two sources need to be compared when the ambient temperature is 300K. Select the
incorrect statements.
a) The potential of recovery from the first source is more.
b) One cannot compare between these two sources.
c) No recovery is possible from the first source.
d) The first source can be used only for heating purpose.
Ans: b, c and d.
The theoretical potential of recovery from the first source =
T
Q 1 0
T1
300
3000 1
450
1000
300
The theoretical potential of recovery from the first source 1000 1 666.67
900
5. Identify the incorrect statements for an irreversible cycle.
a) Clausius inequality is not valid.
b) Entropy change during the cycle is zero.
c) Entropy generation during the cycle is zero.
d) Net work done is less than the net heat transferred.
Ans: a, c, d
6. For a process from 1 to 2, identify the correct facts
Q
2
a) S2 S1
1
T
Q
2
b) S2 S1
1
T rev
Q
2
c) S2 S1 1 Sgen2
1
T
d) 1 Sgen2
Ans: b, c and d
7. Following statements are made regarding the first law efficiency I , Co-efficient of
performance (COP) and second law efficiency II . Identify the correct statement(s).
a) For a given temperature limits, I , II or COP can never be more than 1.
b) There is no relationship between I and II
c) II depends on the temperature limits of the cycle.
d) I depends on the temperature limits of the cycle.
Ans: c
8. Identify the correct statements. Exergy associated with heat transfer is
a) Equal to the amount of heat transfer itself.
b) Could be less than the amount of heat transfer.
c) Depends on the temperature at which heat transfer takes place.
d) Depends on the temperature of the environment.
Ans: b, c and d
9. Identify the correct statement(s)
Exergy associated with work done
a) Equals to the amount of work done.
b) Depends on the nature of work.
c) Always be less than the work done.
d) Depends on the irreversibility of the process.
Ans: a.
10. Identify statement(s) for a waste heat recovery system designed for both heating and power
generation.
a) Both power generation and heating are not possible.
b) Heating is not possible from a heat recovery system.
c) As heating and power generation is involved the scheme may not obey Clausius’
inequality.
d) The potential of this scheme depends not only on the temperature of the waste heat source,
but also on the temperature of the environment.
Ans: d.
11. A hot piece of solid (mc = 50) at 500 ºC is dipped in a large pool of water at 25 ºC. the
entropy generation is
a) -47.66 b) 47.66 c) 149.8 d) -149.8
Ans:
The change of entropy of solid = mc ln(T2/T1)
= 50ln(298/773)
= - 47.66
Q mc dT 50 475
The change of entropy of water = 79.7
T0 T0 298
The entropy generation = - 47.66 + 79.7 = 32.04
Correct option is missing.
12. In the above problem (problem 11) the change of entropy of water is
a) 79.7 b) 950 c) 0 d) Insufficient data
Ans: a
Q mc dT 50 475
The change of entropy of water = 79.7
T0 T0 298
13. Identify the correct statement(s). The relationship among first law efficiency I , second law
efficiency II and Carnot efficiency C is
I
a) II C b) II I C c) II d) No relationship exists
C
Ans-(c)
14. In an industry waste heat amounting 250 kW is available at 400 ºC. The ambient temperature
is 27 ºC. The exergy of the waste heat is
a) 138.5 kW b) 250 kW c) 233 kW d) 25 kW
Ans:
Exergy of the waste heat=
T
Q 1 0
T1
300
250 1 138.55 kW
673
(a)
15. The waste heat of the above example (problem 14) is used to heat an intermediate product
initially at ambient temperature. Only 70% of waste heat could be transferred to the product, rest
is lost. The product temperature is raised to 127 ºC. What is the exergetic efficiency of the process?
a) 70 % b) 31.6 % c) 20.5 % d) Insufficient data
300
Ans: Exergy gained by the product = 250 0.7 1 43.75
400
Exergy Efficiency= 43.75/138.5= 31.6 %