Hridoy Roy
Lecturer
Department of Chemical Engineering
BUET
Course description
Source and nature of pollutants in air and mostly in
water;
Standards and pollutant measurement technologies.
Source controlling pollutants: Control and manage air
and water pollution technologies.
Pollution control of specific industries (but not limited
to):
Tannery and leather; Pulp and paper; Textile and garments; Petroleum and
refinery; Fertilizer industries; Brick kilns; Iron and steel industries;
Electrochemical industries; Cement industries; Food and allied industries;
Inorganic chemical industries; Coal based power plant and pharmaceutical
industries.
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Industrial Pollution
Industrialization started gaining its popularity by
19th century
By the development of industrialization, the
industrial pollution also came into existence.
Industrial pollution is an undesirable outcome
when factories (or other industrial plants) emits
harmful by-products and waste into the
environment such as emissions to water bodies
(water pollution), deposition on landfills etc (land
pollution) or emission of toxic chemicals into the
atmosphere (air pollution).
The Main Causes Of Industrial Pollution
Lack of policies to control pollution– many
industries bypass laws made by the pollution control
board because of a lack of effective policies and poor
enforcement.
Unplanned industrial growth– As development and
economic growth takes precedence over
environmental or health concerns, rules and norms
are flouted causing unplanned growth of industries.
Use of out-dated technologies–Older machinery
produce larger amounts of wastes.
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The Main Causes Of Industrial Pollution
Presence of many small-scale industries–release more
toxins /wastes into the environment.
Inefficient waste disposal– Untreated wastes directly cause
water and soil pollution. It lowers the quality of air in
surrounding areas.
Leaching of resources from our natural world– This is the
feature of the mining industry. Oil leaks during
transportation are also the cause of much of the marine
pollution.
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Major pollutants
Poisonous Gases like nitrous oxide, Sulphur dioxide,
nitrogen dioxide, sulfurous oxide, chlorine gas,
carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, ammonia, fluorine,
ozone, etc.
Particulate matter: fly ash, dust/particulate matter
Heavy metals: Pb, As, Cd, Hg, etc.
Inorganics: chromates, sulfate, nitrate, ammonia
Organics: phenols, pharmaceutical compounds,
dyes, pesticides, etc.
Biological: bacteria, fungi, protozoa, etc.
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Controlling Industrial
Pollution
Control at source
⑧
Source control is by careful selection of raw material,
proper maintenance of machinery, adoption of newer
technologies and know-how, setting up efficiently
functioning waste treatment facilities etc
Selection of industry site
⑳ This is a very important factor considering the
environment around the factory
Treatment of industrial wastes
Wastes must be treated before disposal
Plantation
Need to plant and grow more trees as these act as buffers
and natural purifiers for the environment
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Controlling Industrial Pollution
Stringent Government Action:
Government agencies such as the Environmental
Protection Agency (DOE in Bangladesh) must be
allowed to take stringent action against defaulters and
corporations that flout the rules laid down by such
agencies.
Assessment of Environmental Impact
Environmental impact assessment should be carried
out regularly to identify and evaluate the potential
and harmful impacts of the industries on the natural
ecosystem.
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