CRIMINOLOGY BOARD EXAM REVIEW
Definition of Terms:
Intelligence Agency - is a government agency responsible for the collection,analysis or
exploitation of information and intelligence in support of law enforcement,national
security,defense and foreign policy objectives.
Intelligence Officer - is a person employed by an organization to collect,compile and
analyze information which is used to that organization.
Counter Intelligence - refers to effort made by intelligence organizations to prevent
hostile or enemy intelligence organization from successfully gathering and collecting
intelligence against them.
Human Intelligence - category of intelligence derived from information collected and
provided by human sources.
Dead Drop/Dead Letter Box - is a method of espionage trade craft used to pass items
between 2 individuals using a secret location and thus not require to meet directly.
Live Drop - 2 persons meet to exchange items or information.
Dead Drop Spike - is a concealment device used to hide money,maps,documents,microfilm
and other items.
Cut-Out - is a mutually trusted intermediary,method or channel of
communication,facilitating the exchange of information between agents.
Espionage/Spying - involves a government or individual obtaining information that is
considered secret of confidential without the permission of the holder of the information.
Agent Handling - is the management of agents,principal agents and agent networks by
intelligence officers typically known as case officers.
Case Officer - is an intelligence officer who is trained specialist in the management of
agents and agent network.
Agent - acts on behalf of another whether individual,organization or foreign government,
works under the direction of a principal agent or case officer.
Cryptography - is the practice and study of techniques for secure communication in the
presence of third parties called adversaries.
Eaves Dropping - Is the act of secretly listening to the private conversation of others
without their consent.
Propaganda - is a form of communication that is aimed at influencing the attitude of a
community toward some cause or position.
Flip - apprehended criminals who turn informants.
Snitches - jail house informants.
Means of Information Gathering
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Intelligence Cycle - is the process of developing unrefined data into polished intelligence
for the use of policy makers.
1. Direction - intelligence requirements are
determined by a decision maker to meet his/her
objective.
2. Collection - is the gathering of raw information
based on requirements.
3. Processing - converting the vast amount of
information collected into a form usable by
analyst.
4. Analysis - conversion of raw information into
intelligence. It includes:
(1) integrating
(2) evaluating
(3) analyzing data and preparing intelligence
product.
5. Dissemination - is the distribution of raw or
finished intelligence to the consumer whose needs
initiated the intelligence requirement.
6. Feedback - is received from the decision maker
and revised requirement issued.
Evaluation - systematic determination of merit, worth and significance of something or
someone using criteria against a set of standards.
Collation - is the assembly of written information into a standard order.
Crime Triangle
1. the offender
2. the victim
3. the location
Crime Intelligence - information compiled, analyzed and/or disseminated in an effort to
anticipate, prevent, or monitor criminalactivity.
Strategic Intelligence - information concerning existing patterns or emerging trends of
criminal activity designed to assist in criminal apprehension and crime control strategies for
both short and long term investigative tools.
Tactical Intelligence - information regarding a specific criminal event that can be used
immediately by operational units to further a criminal investigation plan tactical operations
and provide for officer safety.
Open Source - refers to any information that can be legitimately obtained e. free on
request, payment of a fee.
Source - the place or person from which information is obtained.
Intelligence Assessment - is the development of forecasts of behavior or recommended
courses of action to the leadership of an organization based on a wide range
of available information sources both overt and covert.
Intelligence Analysis - is the process of taking known information about situations and
entities of strategic, operational, or tactical importance, characterizing the known and
with appropriate statements of probability. the future actions in those situations and by
those entities.
Cryptanalysis - from the Greek word Kryptos-hidden and Analyein-to loosen or to unite - is
the art of defeating cryptographic security systems and gaining access to the contents of
encrypted messages without being given the cryptographic key.