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The document provides various electrical calculations and problems related to energy consumption, power ratings, and current determination in circuits. It includes examples of calculating energy usage for different appliances, as well as mesh and nodal analysis for circuit analysis. The content is aimed at engineering students and practitioners looking to understand electrical principles and calculations.
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) ENERUWY
— * ;
Enorgy is defined ae capacity to do work .
Electrical anergy = Power x Time .
~> Ehergy consumption 16 measured In Watt hous
CWh)
Fox axample,
PY Dh you mun a
consumad 16
loo-w Lamp pr \ hous,
(loo) x C! hour)
the energy ;
=100W
Ve you Aun @ 1500-W electslc -haater
| gor lz houré , the anergy contumad 16
j (isoow) X Cia hours) = 1000 Wh
| = 1@ KWh
| = Ig une
|
Problems +
DA ata fesiston is
) connected to ao
(la-v batbery - Whar is
the Current ¢
R=2T2
Ves 12
¥ I=?
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jnceinget s
canned by CamScanner2.| Find the snbereednee~ feet Samp 15
'
‘the electace, amp dsaws +A ak 230v as
Shown in Figure,
Lamp
zx
|/-__1
230
By ohms Naw,
V=zrR
Rew
Fa
| R= 230
a
3. Calculate the current supplied to a
foow lamp with 115 v Supply.
\geln
(OD oe ow
| ye BV
| ery ie
Pevaxt
oe FP
v
; = \00
Ws
|) ea
An dlectric heater dyawé BA yom
v Supply. What is its power rating!
tind the vesistance of heater
bP
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| Pe VXI
= 250% 8
re
x=
How much energy does a l00W electric
5.
bulb Consume in two hours ?
‘soln
| given,
| P= loow Es Pxe
| = 2 hours. = 100 X 2% box bo
| E= Pxt E= 120000
| = 100X2
200 Wh}:
|
6 determina the ‘total nergy used by a
jor labours and 1.5K heater
i loo w lamp
rr 45 minutes.
jean,
Convert all quantities to the Sama Set %
anit s
LSKW 5 [SOON
45 minutes >
45 0.15 hour
Tn
(oo x 12) + (is00x 9-18)
2325 wh
= 2.3295 kwh
= 2.395 unite,
=
now
n
a Pi i Raab Scanned by CamScanner4. Compute thew owaw-tssuppliad: to the
electric heater of figuse using all three
Cloctrical power forraulas.
=
x ~
+ Reo
y
Es lov 5
v
« I= ie
= 120
Pe VXr pe Ne pe =eR =
= l20xZ * e1ee2 viene
- = [a0 = booW
= 120x!10 12
= 1200 W =I(200. 44
&. Determine the current and dinection in
the ~clacuit — Shown. in Fig,
e=t8y = -8V
Re 52k.
“Voltage »
= 5-8)
= 6+8
= 13V
current ,
13
52. X1000
= 0.950 mA
T=0.250 mA
Flst5V Re coka
Scanned by CamScannerMesh ANatyg hsm »Dakereenevers]
vce ee
1.) Solve the mesh currents Shown in Fig.
30.0.
lov
Mesh 4
Bex), + 10(t)-Ta) —120 = ©
BoL, + lot) —W0Ty =120
40, —l0Tg = 120
®
Mesh 2
boI,tbo +10(T2-T1)
b0T, +bo tlort, —loT) =O
0
-loT; + 60T, = -b0 ——@®
40r, - OT, = 120
lor, +607, =-bo
solving
T= 2.364
Ty 5-052)
3 Negative Sign 94 Tz Trdicates the
§ divection of Ta is anticloer tolsa
Tg= 6.52)
——
owisdd Pron ew Sapo Scanned by CamScannerDa sMtoad From: www [Link]
ca\tulate current through bn resistance using
loop analysis.
selutio
Mesh | Cet)
23, +4(Ti-t2) -lo=0
22) +41) -42, <10
6L)—4TIg =10
oO
Mesh 2 (KVL)
\Zp + 6(T-%3) +4(Te-2)) =0
To 4 65, -6Tg + 42g -47,=0
-42, tilt, -623-0 —— 6
Mesh 3 (KVL)
ge -llabA
Tg -a.b16&
Download From: [Link] Scanned by CamScannerDvvioad From: wwlPrayEnginerngact 45: |
(oy OB ye blab
Tye 0.96
current through 62 vosistante = Tg -T,
= &.b76- 1.126
= 1.5548
62 a
lan Yesistor >Y
3. Solve the current in
ene
Tey Mesh analysis.
bov
Download From: [Link] Scanned by CamScannerMesh © CKVL) Downtosd rom: wow EayEngincesingance
tee Cee
ax, +5 (4,23) 40 Bi Fa) ee
lo) $584) -STg+4t) ~ 472 =0
alt, -41, -s1g=0 —o
Imesh 2 (kv
Mesh a Con) (Za -Ts)-+0 =0
| 4(te-21) +10 +7
4%,-42, to + Tto -1tg -40=0
H42)+ 1g —-TI3 = 80 — ®
|Mesh 3 CkvL)
s(z—-21) +60 t1(Ta-Ta) “1° =e
5T,-St, +60 + 123 ary 19-9 ©
= 60 -——
358 fsa Tgtle ts =
solving ©,® * © we ack
Tyas bierA
A
Igo -).546
Ig- -5-164 i
& |
Download From: [Link] Scanned by CamScanner— ; ue |
4) Determine bes Pogunkantiiine’ Roe Various
(4a, Tb, Te, Ta, Le, Ts)
eloments
. ghowon in Fig.
aj the baldga cleat
by mech Analys!s-
Mesh 4 (Kv)
“- .
jo 1, +1Ct-B) +1 (ti-33) -5 <0
; T+ T-Ty +2, =D, reo
i at) --2,=5 ——_@Q@
eae i ew Raiocaage Scanned by CamScanner-
Mesh 2 CRY) vata From: wow EasyBngincringct
(te + \(Tg.-Ts) +! CFa-Ti) -§
= ss
| tg +%,-33 +t_ - 71
-2Z, +2 % -T3 =5
=o
©
Mesh a CkvL)
| \CZg-z,) +1 Tg -10 +I (T3-2))=0
| 7e-% tt, -lo ty -TiT0
—T, -ty+3Ig=10 ®
Solving ©,@ 2@_ we gee
T= 6.06 A
I!
! Tg= 6.25 A
' Sag tends iA
Tea =T
| = [Tas 625A
| 4
The % 5 Fee cara]
Tes Tinta |
[te = 0 j
Ig = 13
Tq a5
Tos Ta” ee
= 15-605 os
Tes ).258
= mats
= %g3-Tn
Fs — 625
bas a
: wa Easy gineering et Scanned by CamScanner“ft Oo |
5) Determine Reeppenbon: Tay: tasyEnuinceiagae
Q 32.
Solutions
Mesh 4 ad
3 (ai- Bs) 9G -Ba) + B=
BL, -353 +571 -5Tx +t, =8
az) -S3g-343=8 ——O
Mesh 2
3(32-T3) +! 7a +e +5(t,-71) =0
3g - 33g +7, +6+S5T, -511=0
6 ‘
“est +4Iy - 353 =
Download From: [Link] Scanned by CamScannerMesh 3 ovale Som: ya arEngiedng et |
323 43( m3 -72)+3(t3-2) =d
BIg+ atg—3Tp +3ata—-37) ae
—32, -37, +943 = 4 —®
solving O18 2@
T= 1.67 A
Tg= 0.67 A
Te loon 4}
6.)
Eg =30v
|
| pnd the «current Supplied = by each
bat tery.
iMesh 4
-20452,+3(t)-ta) +5 =0
-20 +571 432, - 3% 45=0
8I)-32, < 15
®
: wor Easy Eagingerng et Scanned by CamScannerMesh 2 Download From: [Link]
| -B+a(Ig4Is) - 5 -5 +3(32-21) +4I,-0
[-S42m, +2 Ty -lo+3T, -39,;+4T, = 0
-3r,+¢%, +2732 15 —®
Meshs
-30 +3Ig + 2(Ts +a) -5 =O
-Bot@T,g +2%, +2m, —-5=0
QT. +loTs =35 ®
ae
Sdving OBO We 3
Tye 2554
Ip =ls2A
ge 3.134
Cursenle supplied by ae
eye Die 255A
-l@2 = O13 Ay
b> = Tintas ass
Eg= To =l@oA/
Ege tia te = +US AY
Ess Tg= 8.13AV
Download From: [Link] Scanned by CamScannerDorn en NINE 2S \
1. Find the cursent through 15.2. asistoos in the
Network — Shown ih Fig by nodal method.
on.
V0
15.2 ov
Sourta
Sdn convert the Volkage fount in t cxvrent .
v =e Y,
Te 4 -
® isa nK ba
| - Jon. is 16, “
E :
| ¢ =1Aa
= LSA
“Ny
| loo
| “| e L
Noda 4 CKCL)
iti ea MO +M +m
rant through 15-2 Sesictor Is
ayo 8 [=x]
‘iad Pi i Raion Scanned by CamScanner2. Satermina Qach node
tp the oan ete |
solution + yt SountL
— t TsO .
Convert he Voltage Source me
Ie
| R a@® Jo0
| = lo
To
alA
b62-
oO] 422 m2 @)
Nodal (ket)
| = MyM + ue + oN
! Soe : a |
is MD hy v ae + ML - Na,
Pepe Ss Ss |
w(wtet sts) Gat
0.b6N) + 11bbNn — 0.5 Vges
Download From: [Link] Scanned by CamScanner| Noda 3 CRU salad Fom: wow [Link] |
|
Na-“e 4 Ma + Na 2
2 ! 6
Na -No + Va + Ys =0
2 2 1 6
me! v. 1+-+t) =o
St ett)
| =05Va + 1.66 V3 =O — 6)
| solving Gy > 8 @ we get
3. Calculate the voltage across the 9 15-
fosigtok in the network -thown in Fig.
aking nodal analysis.
Soln
Convert the volbage Souste In to current
Sourta .
20.9 1 lo
are lon gov
Solution .
Convert all the Volbage sounes into current |
SOULS .
Iev.
R
= 10 250
20
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Scanned by CamScanner' Download From: [Link]
Wo ih oe
NW
5A aoe Nm Jo 9. Z loo
@«
Noda! CKeL)
Sa Mi 4 Mi + Nice
20 10 1S
Mi ¢ Mi + Mi - Ne = 5
Qo To 1s =
1 ttt - Ne eS
WS + ts ©
0.216, — 0.06bV. = F
Node 2 Ck¢L) |
VaoNt 9 Nast Ss Pe 0 |
Ts 10 10
No VL + Na + NR +8 =O |
i 1s) we) 8
Lol) 2-8
wu +o 4+ +75)
Vo = 7% (@)
Leconey eee N2
We gat.
solving @ #@) ge
= 15-1
a -26.3V
curzent through |S-2 Steeis ton
Is V- Va {e- *]
7 EasyEngineeing et Scanned by CamScanner4. Find
ger the given cincuit.
Ns
BA
Nod2 | (kcL)
B= Vice 4 V\-Va
1 1
5 = W-Va +, -Na
QN, - Ne -VYa<5
_ 0
Node 2 CKeY
No-vi + Vo-¥3 + Va =0
=. 1 4+
No-Vi + Va-Va+Na =9
4
HV) + 2.25V2 —-V3=0 &
Noda 3 (Ket)
oe
= Vgc V3-VI a
lo 2 2 a+ =
te. «= Va- Ve, bis =v) = 0
HV, -Va + 2¥3 = 10 @)
solving @,@) & G) We get-
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Scanned by CamScanner
Vy pony Miwon Renin hGne Nodal mathod
\5. Sele the HabwerKiongiWahsyEbilawsnby the node
voltage method.
lo
20
Aa
Solution
Convert Noltaga, Sourta. [n to cusvent Sourg,
, Tey a
RB sn Hn
Poe sao = 50 -a5,
Ss 2
=5A
0.2.
2
22 ae
Ose, a (WV) 254
Noda 4 (kel)
= Sus WaNe
5s +4 ie
0
0.8V) -O.1VQ aS
Node 2 Ckel)
MMi + Vn 4 No +0520
10 +
Ma aML ¢ Me 4 Me +2550
To “710 a +
Scanned by CamScanner
: www. [Link]~-v Vp, YOwnload Frac ws bs)
M+ a GEE ey Be
Oly) + 0-85 Vy
-2
Ny 22.61
No = -2q.10
[Link] thc node cloned ak Eka
Calealate the node VolEagag of the given
Clheuit .
Ox
| a 42. o
| a0 ) 10.
\soln
Node 4
| s= Yy-No + Nn
“iS
MoU Na y+ ME =5
| Baas 2
1 Nao =5
nets) ¥
Scanned by CamScanner
\: www. [Link]