BỘ GIÁO DỤC VÀ ĐÀO TẠO

TRƯỜNG ĐẠI HỌC SƯ PHẠM KỸ THUẬT TP. HCM



INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINGE

CALCULATION

ENGINE K20C4

ON HONDA ACCORD SPORT 2.0T

Lecturer: Lý Vĩnh Đạt

Student: ID

1. Võ Văn Hoàng Phương 21145601

2. Võ Đại Nhân 21145597
3. Lê Nguyễn Công Thành 21145044

Class code: ICEC320430E_23_1_01FIE

Hồ Chí Minh City, //2023
 Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology and Education
Faculty of Vehicle and Energy Engineering
Department of Internal Combustion Engine
PROJECT
INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE CALCULATION

Student name’s:_____________________ID student:____________

Class
_____________________ID student:____________
21145FIE
Group 2
_____________________ID student:____________

1. Engine parameters:
Engine:...................................................... Stroke, τ :................................................
Max Brake Power, Pmax (kW):................... RPM:......................................................
Compression ratio,ε :................................. Air equivalence ration ().....................
Cooling system:........................................ No of cylinders, i:...................................
[Link] content:
2.1 Thermal calculate and build indicated work diagram in engine.
2.2 Kinetic and dynamic slider crank mechanism.
3. Curves:
3.1 P – V figure
3.2 P – φ , Pj, P1 figures
3.3 Kinetic and dynamic figures
Dateline: week 15 ...............................................................

Advisor lecturer
(Sign and full name)

Associate Prof. Ly Vinh Dat

 2.1. Engine specific data
1 Working environment Tropical and subtropical high
humidity
2 Number of strokes 4
3 Engine type In-Line 4-Cylinder with Single-
Scroll MHI TD03 Turbo and
Internal Wastegate
4 Cylinders arrangement
5 Bore 86 mm
6 Stroke 85.9mm
7 Compression ratio 9,8:1
8 Designed Power Pmax: 252hp/188kW at 6500 rpm
9 Designed revolution 6500 rpm
10 Type of ICE
11 Length of connecting rod 139 mm
12 Cooling system Liquid
13 Intake Valve Opening Timing:
14 Intake Valve Closing Timing:
15 Exhaust Valve Opening Timing:
16 Exhaust Valve Closing Timing:
17 Piston weight
18 Connecting rod weight
19 R 0.3089928
Thông số kết cấu λ=
L
20 S x rpm 18,611
Mean piston speed V p=
30

2.2. Choosen temperature statistics

2.2.1. Intake pressure p0
2
p0=0 ,1013 MN /m

2.2.2. New Air charge temperature T0

 T 0=29+273=302 K

2.2.3. Pressure before intake valve pk

MN
pk =0 ,11( 2
)
m

2.2.4. Temperature before intake valve T k

m−1
pk m
T k =T ( ) =302. ¿
p0

2.2.5. Pressure at the end of intake Pa

MN
Pa=0 , 88.0 , 11=0 , 0968( 2
)
m

2
π∗B 3
Engine displacement: V d = ∗S=499840 mm
4

2.2.6. Residual pressure Pr

Pr =0 , 12 MPa

2.2.7. Residual temperature T r

T r=950 K

2.2.8. Engine temperature increase when recharging:

o
Δ T =1 5 C

2.2.9. Additional charge coefficient λ 1

λ 1=1 ,07

2.2.10. Combustion chamber sweeping coefficient λ 2

λ 2=0 , 8

2.2.11. Select the specific heat proofreading coefficient λ t

λ t=1 , 15

2.2.12. Heat utilization coefficient at point Z (ξ ¿¿ Z)¿

 ξ Z =0 , 8

2.2.13. Heat utilization coefficient at point b (ξ ¿¿ b)¿

ξ Z =0 , 85

2.2.14. Air residue coefficient α

α =0 , 9

2.2.15. The coefficient fills the work graph φ d

φ d=0 ,99

2.2.16. Pressure boost ratio λ :

λ=3 , 5

2.3. Heat calculation

2.3.1. Intake stroke
[Link]. Volumetric efficiency ɳ v

[ ( )]
1
1 Tk p p
ɳv = . . a ε . λ 1−λ t . λ2 . r m
ε−1 T k + ∆ T pk pa

where m is the multimedia expansion index of the exhaust gas m =1,45÷1,5.

Choose m = 1.5

[ ( )]
1
1 Tk P P
ɳv = . . a ε . λ 1−λ t . λ2 . r m
ε−1 T k + ∆ T Pk Pa

(344 , 34)
[ ( ) ]
1
1 0,0968 0 , 12
¿ . . 9 , 8.1 , 0 7−1, 15.0 , 8. 1, 5
9 , 8−1 (344 ,34 +1 5) 0 , 2 0,0968

¿ 0.9

[Link]. Coefficient of residual gases γ r

λ 2 .(T k ) p r 1
γ r= . .
(T r ) p k ( ε −1 ) .ɳ v
 0,8 0 ,12 344 , 34
¿ . . =0.04
( 9 , 8−1 ) .0 , 9 0 ,11 950

[Link]. Temperature at the end of intake T a

( )
m−1
pa m
( T k + ∆ T )+ λt . γ r . T r . p
r
T a=
1+γ r

( )
1 ,5−1
( 344 , 34+1 5 ) +1 ,15. 950.0 , 04 . 0.0968 1, 5
0 ,12
¿
1+0 ,04
¿ 384 , 6 (K)

2.3.2. Compression stroke

[Link] Average heat ratio mol isochoric process of new intake gas:
b 0,00419
m c v =a v + . T =19,806+ . T (KJ / KmolK )
2 2
a v =19,806
b v =0,00419 T

[Link]. The mean molar specific heat of residential gases at the end of
compression
If 0,7 < α < 1 for gasoline engine with α=0,9 we have:
'' 1 −5
m c v =17,997+ 3,504 α + (360 ,34 +252 , 4 α ) .10 . T
2
''
a v =21.1506
−3
b v ' '=2.9375 . 10 T

[Link]. The specific heat of working medium at the end of compression

''
m cv+ γr . m cv ' b
'
m c v '= =a v + T
1+ γ r 2
a v '=19 , 86
−3
b v '=4 , 14.10 T
[Link]. The compression means polytropic index n1
8,314
n1−1=
b '
. T a . ( ε +1 )
' v n −1
a v+ 1

2
 8,314
¿ −3
4 ,2 311. 10
.3 87 , 18 . ( 9 , 8 +1 )
n −1
19 ,8 3879512+ 1

2
⟹ n1=1 , 3 7

Substitute n1 into both sides of two equations (error approximate 0,2%)

0 ,3 69536733−0 , 37
∆ n1 = .100 %=0 , 1 2 %<0.2 %
0 , 37
Hence we choose n1=1, 3 69536733
[Link] Compression pressure:
n1 1.37 MN
P c=Pa . ε =0,0968. 9 , 8 =2.2( 2
)
m
[Link] Temperature at the end of compression:
n 1−1 0 ,37
Tc=Ta. ε =384 , 6. 9 , 8 =894 , 9 ° K
2.3.3 Combustion process:
[Link] Theoretical air needed to burn 1kg of fuel:
Mo =0,516 (kmol kk)
[Link] Actual new air loaded into cylinder M1:
1 1 kmolkk
M 1=α . M 0+ =0 , 9.0,516+ =0,473 ( )
μn . l 113 kg . nl

Choose: 𝜇𝑛.𝑙 =113 ( kmol )

kg

[Link] Amount of combustion products M2

C H 0,855 0,145 kmolSCV
M 2= + +0 , 79. α . M 0= + +0 , 79.0 , 9.0,516=0 ,51( )
12 2 12 2 kg .nl
[Link] Theoretical gas molecule transformation coefficient β0:
M 2 0 , 51
β 0= = =1,078
M 1 0,473
[Link] Actual gas molecule transformation coefficient β:
β 0−1 1,078−1
β=1+ =1+ =1,075
1+ γ r 1+ 0,042

[Link] Gas molecules coefficient at point Z:

β 0−1 ξz 1,078−1 0 , 8
βz=1+ . =1+ =1 , 07
1+γ r ξb 1+ 0,042 0 , 85
ξz
( =Xz=0 ,94 )
ξb
[Link] Heat loss by incomplete combustion:
3 3 KJ
ΔQH =120.10 . ( 1−α ) M 0=120.10 . ( 1−0 , 9 ) .0,516=6192( )
kg . nl
[Link] Average heat ratio mol isochoric process at point Z:

mcvz=
(
M 2 Xz+
γr
β0 )
. mc v ' + M 1. ( 1−Xz ) . mcv

(
M 2 Xz +
γr
β0 )
+ M 1(1− Xz)

¿> mcvz=
(
0 , 51 0 , 94 +
0,042
1,078 )
.(19 , 86+4 ,14 .10−3 Tz)+0,473 ( 1−0 , 94 ) .(19,806+ 4 , 19.10−3 Tz )

(
0 ,51 0 , 94+
0,042
1,078 )
+0,473 (1−0 , 94)

−3
¿ 19 , 86+ 4 , 14.10 Tz
[Link] Temperature at the end of the combustion process 𝐓z:
ξz (QH −∆ QH )
+mc v ' .Tc=βz .mc v '' .Tz
M 1(1+ γr)
0 , 8(43960−6192)
¿> + ( 19 , 86+4 ,14 .10−3 Tz ) .892,782=1, 07.(21,1506 +2.9375 .10−3 Tz).Tz
0,473(1+0,042)
−3 2
¿>3,143125 .10 Tz +18,93502452Tz−79034,12854=0
 Tz=2837.5 ° K
[Link] Pressure at the end of the combustion process 𝐏z:
Tz 2837.5 MN
Pz=βz . . Pc=1 , 07. .2 , 2=7 , 47( 2 )
Tc 894 , 6 m
2.3.4 Expansion process:
[Link] Initial expansion ratio:
- For gasoline engine: ρ=1
[Link] Terminal expansion ratio:
- For gasoline engine: 𝛿 = ε =9,8
[Link] Determine the average maximum expansion index:
8,314
n 2−1=
( ξb−ξz ) . QH ' bz
+ av z + (Tz +Tb) ¿
M 1 ( 1+γr ) . β . (Tz−Tb ) 2
¿
 8,314
n 2−1=
( ξb−ξz ) .QH ' bz Tz
+ av z + (Tz + n 2−1 )
( )
Tz 2 ε ¿
M 1 ( 1+γr ) . β . Tz− n 2−1
ε
¿

8,314
(n 2−1)−
( 0 , 85−0 , 8 ) .43960
+19 , 86+
0,00419
(
2837 , 5+
2837 ,5
)
( )
n 2−1
2837 , 5 2 9,8 =0 ¿
0,473 ( 1+ 0 , 04 ) .1,075 . 2837 , 5− n2−1
9,8
¿

Solve the equation:

 n2=1,25
[Link] Temperature at the end of the expansion process Tb:
Tz 2837 , 5
Tb= n 2−1
= 0 ,25
=1603 , 72° K
ε 9,8
[Link] Pressure at the end of the expansion process Pb:
Pz 7 , 47 MN
Pb= n2
= 1 ,25
=0 , 43( 2 )
ε 9,8 m
[Link] Check residual gas temperature Tr:

( ) ( )
m −1 1 ,5−1
Pr 0 ,12
Tr=Tb . m
=1603 ,72. 1 ,5
=1048 ° K
Pb 0 , 43
[Link] Error of residual gas:
∆ Tr 1048−950
= =0,0935<9 , 35 %
Tr 1048
2.4 Calculate the typical parameters of the cycle:
2.4.1 Calculated average indicated pressure:

pi=
' pc
[
λp
ε−1 n 2−1
1
1− n 2−1 −
ε (1
n1−1
1
1− n 1−1 ]
ε ) ( )
'
pi=
2,2
[ 3,5
9 , 8−1 1 ,25−1
1−
1
9,8 (
0 ,25
−
1 ,
1
37−1
1−
1
9,8
0 ,37) MN
=1 , 14 ( 2 )
m ( )]
2.4.2 Actual average indicated pressure:
' MN
pi=φd . pi =0 , 97.1 ,14=1,1058 ( 2
)
m
2.4.3 Mechanical loss pressure Pm:
Pm=a+b . Vp+(Pr−Pa)
Turbocharged gasoline engine: => choose: a=0,024; b=0,0053; S=0,0859 (m)
0,0859.6500
Pm=0,024+ 0,00530. + ( 0 , 12−0,0968 ) =0,146 ( MPa )
30
2.4.4 Average effective pressure Pe:
MN
Pe=Pi−Pm=1,1058−0,146=0,9658( 2
)
m
2.4.5 Mechanism efficiency:
ηe Pe Pm 0,146
ηm= = =1− =1− =0,868
ηi Pi Pi 1,1058
2.4.6 Indicator efficency:
M 1. Pi .Tk 0,473.1,1058 .344 ,34
ηi=8,314. =8,314. =0 , 34
QH . ηv . Pk 43960.0 , 9.0 , 11
2.4.7 Effective efficency:
M 1. Pe . Tk 0,473.0,9256 .344 ,34
ηi=8,314. =8,314. =0 , 3
QH . ηv . Pk 43960.0 , 9.0 , 11
2.4.8 Calculate the indicated fuel consumption rate gi:
3600 3600 kg
gi= = =0,273( .h)
QH . ηi 43960.0 ,3 kW
2.4.9 Calculate fuel consumption rate ge:
3600 3600 kg
gi= = =0,241( .h)
QH . ηe 43960.0 , 34 kW
Or
3600 1 −5 kg
gi= = =6 , 69. 10 ( . s)
QH . ηe 43960.0 , 33 kW
2.4.10 Calculate structural parameters of the engine:
30. τ . Ne 30.4 .103 3
- Engine Displacement of 1 cylinder: Vh= = =0 , 49 d m
Pe . ne . i 0,9658.6500 .4
Ne=103(kW) Actual power
Vh 0 ,54 3
- Combustion volume: Vc= = =0,0557(d m )
ε−1 9 , 8−1
- Total volume:Va=Vc+Vh=0 , 49+0,056=0,546( d m3 )

√ √
4 Vh 3 4.0 , 49
3 = =0.857 (dm)
- Piston bore: D= S π .0 , 99
π( )
D

- Piston stroke: S= ( DS ) . D=0 , 99.0,857=0,848(dm)

 GRAPH
P-V Graph: