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Understanding Human Development Index

The UNDP defines human development as the process of expanding people's choices, emphasizing the importance of health, education, and resources for a decent living. The Human Development Index (HDI), established in 1990, measures human development through longevity, knowledge, and standard of living. These components are quantified by life expectancy, literacy rates, education years, and adjusted GDP per capita.

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22 views1 page

Understanding Human Development Index

The UNDP defines human development as the process of expanding people's choices, emphasizing the importance of health, education, and resources for a decent living. The Human Development Index (HDI), established in 1990, measures human development through longevity, knowledge, and standard of living. These components are quantified by life expectancy, literacy rates, education years, and adjusted GDP per capita.

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Musaib
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HUMAN DEVELOPMENT

6 The UNDP argued that: ‘Human development is a process of enlarging people’s choices. The most
critical of these wide-ranging choices are to live a long and healthy life, to be educated and to have
access to resources needed for a decent standard of living’.17 The Human Development Report 1995
supports this concept by arguing that it ‘brings together the production and distribution of commodities
and the expansion and use of human capabilities.18 The Human Development Report 2005 says: ‘the
most basic capabilities for human development are leading a long and healthy life, being educated and
having adequate resources for a decent standard of living.’19 It is noteworthy that since 1990, when the
first human development report was published by the UNDP, human development has been measured
in terms of ‘human development index’ (HDI). ‘The HDI is a composite of three ingredients: longevity,
knowledge and standard of living. Longevity is measured by life expectancy at birth. Knowledge is
measured by a combination of adult literacy (two-third weight) and mean years of schooling (one-third
weight). Standard of living is measured by purchasing power, based on real GDP per capita adjusted for
the local cost of living (purchasing power parity).’

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