1. What is the SI unit of force?

o Answer: Newton (N)

o Explanation: The newton is the unit of force in the International System of
Units (SI) and is defined as kg·m/s².
2. What law states that for every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction?
o Answer: Newton’s Third Law of Motion
o Explanation: This law explains the principle of action and reaction forces,
seen in rocket propulsion and swimming.
3. Which fundamental force keeps planets in orbit around the Sun?
o Answer: Gravity
o Explanation: Gravity is a universal force that attracts objects with mass
toward each other.
4. What type of energy is stored in a compressed spring?
o Answer: Potential Energy (Elastic Potential Energy)
o Explanation: Elastic potential energy is stored in objects that can be
stretched or compressed.
5. What subatomic particle carries a negative charge?
o Answer: Electron
o Explanation: Electrons orbit the nucleus of an atom and are responsible for
electricity and chemical bonding.
6. Which scientist formulated the three laws of motion?
o Answer: Sir Isaac Newton
o Explanation: Newton’s laws describe how objects move under forces,
forming the basis of classical mechanics.
7. What is the speed of light in a vacuum?
o Answer: 299,792,458 m/s (approximately 3.00 × 10⁸ m/s)
o Explanation: Light travels fastest in a vacuum because there is no medium
to slow it down.
8. What property of sound determines how high or low a note sounds?
o Answer: Frequency
o Explanation: Higher frequencies produce higher-pitched sounds, while lower
frequencies produce lower-pitched sounds.
9. Which principle explains why ships float despite being made of heavy metal?
o Answer: Archimedes' Principle
o Explanation: An object in a fluid experiences an upward buoyant force equal
to the weight of the displaced fluid.
10. What type of electromagnetic wave has the highest energy?

 Answer: Gamma rays

 Explanation: Gamma rays have the shortest wavelength and highest frequency,
making them the most energetic waves.

11. What device converts mechanical energy into electrical energy?

 Answer: Generator
 Explanation: A generator uses electromagnetic induction to produce electricity
from motion.

12. What color of visible light has the longest wavelength?

 Answer: Red
 Explanation: Red light has the longest wavelength and the lowest frequency in the
visible spectrum.

13. What is the measure of an object's resistance to acceleration?

 Answer: Mass
 Explanation: More massive objects require more force to accelerate due to inertia.

14. Which law states that energy cannot be created or destroyed, only
transformed?
  Answer: Law of Conservation of Energy
 Explanation: This principle explains why total energy in an isolated system remains
constant.

15. What phenomenon occurs when light bends as it enters a different medium?

 Answer: Refraction
 Explanation: Refraction happens due to the change in speed of light when moving
between media.

General Science (15 Questions with Explanations)

1. What is the chemical symbol for gold?
o Answer: Au
o Explanation: "Au" comes from the Latin word "Aurum," meaning "shining
dawn."
2. What is the primary gas in Earth’s atmosphere?
o Answer: Nitrogen (N₂)
o Explanation: About 78% of Earth's atmosphere consists of nitrogen, essential
for biological processes.
3. Which layer of Earth is made of liquid iron and nickel?
o Answer: Outer Core
o Explanation: The outer core is responsible for Earth's magnetic field.
4. What is the pH of pure water?
o Answer: 7
o Explanation: A pH of 7 is neutral, meaning water is neither acidic nor basic.
5. What planet is known as the Red Planet?
o Answer: Mars
o Explanation: The red color comes from iron oxide (rust) on its surface.
6. What is the hardest natural substance on Earth?
o Answer: Diamond
o Explanation: Diamond's strong carbon bonds make it extremely hard.
7. What type of rock is formed from cooled lava or magma?
o Answer: Igneous rock
o Explanation: Igneous rocks form when molten rock solidifies.
8. Which organ in the human body produces insulin?
o Answer: Pancreas
o Explanation: The pancreas regulates blood sugar by producing insulin.
9. What metal is liquid at room temperature?
o Answer: Mercury (Hg)
o Explanation: Mercury is the only metal that remains liquid at standard
temperature.
10. What is the most abundant element in the universe?

 Answer: Hydrogen
 Explanation: Hydrogen makes up about 75% of the universe’s elemental mass.

11. What is the closest star to Earth?

 Answer: The Sun

 Explanation: The Sun is our nearest star, providing heat and light.

12. Which gas is responsible for the greenhouse effect?

 Answer: Carbon dioxide (CO₂)

 Explanation: CO₂ traps heat, contributing to global warming.

13. What process do plants use to convert sunlight into energy?

 Answer: Photosynthesis
  Explanation: Plants use sunlight, CO₂, and water to produce glucose and oxygen.

14. What is the basic unit of life?

 Answer: The cell

 Explanation: Cells are the smallest functional units of living organisms.

15. What device is used to measure air pressure?

 Answer: Barometer
 Explanation: A barometer helps predict weather changes based on air pressure
variations.

Biology (15 Questions with Explanations)

1. What is the powerhouse of the cell?
o Answer: Mitochondria
o Explanation: Mitochondria generate ATP, the cell’s energy source.
2. What type of blood cells help fight infection?
o Answer: White blood cells (WBCs)
o Explanation: WBCs are crucial for the immune response.
3. What is the largest organ in the human body?
o Answer: Skin
o Explanation: The skin protects against infections and regulates temperature.
4. What blood type is the universal donor?
o Answer: O negative
o Explanation: O-negative blood can be transfused to any blood type.
5. What is the main function of red blood cells?
o Answer: Transport oxygen
o Explanation: RBCs contain hemoglobin, which binds oxygen.
6. What organ is responsible for filtering blood?
o Answer: Kidney
o Explanation: The kidneys remove waste and excess fluid from the blood.
7. Which molecule carries genetic information?
o Answer: DNA (Deoxyribonucleic Acid)
o Explanation: DNA contains instructions for growth and function.
8. What is the process of cell division called?
o Answer: Mitosis
o Explanation: Mitosis ensures growth and tissue repair.

9. What part of the plant is responsible for photosynthesis?

o Answer: The leaf
o Explanation: The leaf contains chlorophyll, which captures sunlight to
convert it into energy through photosynthesis.
10. What is the process by which plants lose water through their leaves?

 Answer: Transpiration
 Explanation: Transpiration helps plants regulate temperature and move nutrients.

11. What is the longest bone in the human body?

 Answer: Femur (thigh bone)

 Explanation: The femur supports body weight and allows movement.

12. What type of reproduction involves only one parent and produces genetically
identical offspring?

 Answer: Asexual reproduction

  Explanation: Asexual reproduction, such as binary fission, does not require genetic
recombination.

13. What is the scientific name for the human species?

 Answer: Homo sapiens

 Explanation: "Homo" means "man," and "sapiens" means "wise," referring to our
intelligence.

14. Which organ in the human body produces bile to aid in digestion?

 Answer: Liver
 Explanation: The liver produces bile, which helps break down fats in the digestive
system.

15. What is the process of converting glucose into energy called?

 Answer: Cellular respiration

 Explanation: Cellular respiration occurs in the mitochondria and produces ATP, the
energy currency of cells.

Physics Problem Solving (5 Scenarios)

1. A car accelerates from rest at a rate of 3 m/s² for 5 seconds. What is its final
velocity?
o Solution: Use the equation:
v=u+atv = u + at
v=0+(3)(5)=15 m/sv = 0 + (3)(5) = 15 \, \text{m/s}
o Final Answer: 15 m/s

2. A box weighing 50 N is pushed with a force of 20 N on a frictionless surface. What

is its acceleration?
o Solution: Use Newton’s Second Law:
F=ma⇒a=FmF = ma \Rightarrow a = \frac{F}{m}
Since weight W=mgW = mg, mass is:
m=509.8=5.1 kgm = \frac{50}{9.8} = 5.1 \, \text{kg}
a=205.1=3.92 m/s²a = \frac{20}{5.1} = 3.92 \, \text{m/s²}
o Final Answer: 3.92 m/s²

3. A 2 kg object is dropped from a height of 10 meters. How long does it take to hit
the ground?
o Solution: Use free fall equation:
h=12gt2h = \frac{1}{2} g t^2
10=12(9.8)t210 = \frac{1}{2} (9.8) t^2
t2=104.9=2.04t^2 = \frac{10}{4.9} = 2.04
t=1.43 secondst = 1.43 \, \text{seconds}
o Final Answer: 1.43 seconds

4. A car moving at 20 m/s applies brakes and stops in 4 seconds. What is its
acceleration?
o Solution: Use the formula:
a=v−uta = \frac{v - u}{t}
a=0−204=−5 m/s²a = \frac{0 - 20}{4} = -5 \, \text{m/s²}
o Final Answer: -5 m/s² (negative because it is deceleration)

5. A 5 kg object is lifted to a height of 10 meters. How much potential energy does it

have?
o Solution: Use the formula:
PE=mghPE = mgh
PE=(5)(9.8)(10)=490 JPE = (5)(9.8)(10) = 490 \, \text{J}
o Final Answer: 490 Joules
General Science Problem Solving (5 Scenarios)

1. A scientist dissolves 30 g of salt in 500 mL of water. What is the concentration in

g/L?
o Solution: Convert mL to L:
500 mL=0.5 L500 \text{ mL} = 0.5 \text{ L}
Concentration=300.5=60 g/L\text{Concentration} = \frac{30}{0.5} = 60 \text{
g/L}
o Final Answer: 60 g/L

2. If the half-life of a radioactive substance is 5 years, how much of a 100 g sample

remains after 15 years?
o Solution: After 1 half-life (5 years): 50 g
After 2 half-lives (10 years): 25 g
After 3 half-lives (15 years): 12.5 g
o Final Answer: 12.5 g

3. A 1,000 kg iceberg melts and turns into water. If ice has a density of 0.92 g/cm³,
will it take up more or less space as water (density = 1 g/cm³)?
o Solution:
Volume of ice:
V=mρ=10000.92=1086.96 LV = \frac{m}{\rho} = \frac{1000}{0.92} = 1086.96 \
text{ L}
Volume of water:
V=10001=1000 LV = \frac{1000}{1} = 1000 \text{ L}
o Final Answer: The water takes up less space than ice.

4. A car battery provides 12V and 20A of current. How much power does it generate?
o Solution: Use the power equation:
P=VIP = VI
P=(12)(20)=240 WP = (12)(20) = 240 \text{ W}
o Final Answer: 240 Watts

5. A hot object cools from 100°C to 40°C in 10 minutes. If cooling continues at the
same rate, how long will it take to reach 25°C?
o Solution:
Temperature drop = 100°C - 40°C = 60°C in 10 minutes
Cooling rate = 6°C per minute
Remaining temperature drop = 40°C - 25°C = 15°C
Time needed:
156=2.5 minutes\frac{15}{6} = 2.5 \text{ minutes}
o Final Answer: 2.5 minutes

Biology Problem Solving (5 Scenarios)

1. If a person has a resting heart rate of 80 beats per minute, how many times does
their heart beat in a day?
o Solution:
80×60×24=115,20080 \times 60 \times 24 = 115,200
o Final Answer: 115,200 beats per day

2. A bacteria population doubles every hour. If there are 500 bacteria now, how many
will there be in 5 hours?
o Solution:
500×25=500×32=16,000500 \times 2^5 = 500 \times 32 = 16,000
o Final Answer: 16,000 bacteria
o

3. If a plant absorbs 10 mL of water per hour, how much will it absorb in 3 days?
o Solution:
10×24×3=720 mL10 \times 24 \times 3 = 720 \text{ mL}
o Final Answer: 720 mL
4. A cell contains 46 chromosomes. After mitosis, how many chromosomes will each
daughter cell have?
o Solution:
Mitosis produces two identical daughter cells, each with 46 chromosomes.
o Final Answer: 46 chromosomes per daughter cell

5. A person eats a 600-calorie meal. If jogging burns 100 calories per mile, how far do
they need to jog to burn off the meal?
o Solution:
600100=6 miles\frac{600}{100} = 6 \text{ miles}
o Final Answer: 6 miles