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Rumus Kimia Laju Reaksi Kelas XI

The document is a visual chemistry formula guide for high school students, covering topics such as reaction rates, chemical equilibrium, and acids and bases. It includes key formulas, explanations, and diagrams to illustrate concepts, along with tables summarizing factors affecting reaction rates and shifts in equilibrium. The content is structured into sections with clear headings and visual aids to enhance understanding.

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8 views10 pages

Rumus Kimia Laju Reaksi Kelas XI

The document is a visual chemistry formula guide for high school students, covering topics such as reaction rates, chemical equilibrium, and acids and bases. It includes key formulas, explanations, and diagrams to illustrate concepts, along with tables summarizing factors affecting reaction rates and shifts in equilibrium. The content is structured into sections with clear headings and visual aids to enhance understanding.

Uploaded by

feyruzsurya18
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as TXT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

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<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
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<body>
<div class="container">
<h1>📚 RUMUS KIMIA VISUAL<br>Kelas XI Semester 2</h1>

<!-- LAJU REAKSI -->


<div class="section">
<h2><span class="icon">⚡</span>LAJU REAKSI</h2>

<div class="formula-box">
<div class="formula">Laju Reaksi = Δ[Konsentrasi] / Δt</div>
<div class="explanation">
Laju reaksi adalah perubahan konsentrasi reaktan atau produk
per satuan waktu
</div>
</div>
<div class="visual-diagram">
<div class="reaction-diagram">
<span class="molecule">aA</span>
<span>+</span>
<span class="molecule">bB</span>
<span class="arrow">→</span>
<span class="molecule">cC</span>
<span>+</span>
<span class="molecule">dD</span>
</div>
<br>
<div style="font-size: 1.2em; color: #2c3e50; font-weight: bold;">
Laju = <span class="highlight">-1/a × Δ[A]/Δt</span> = <span
class="highlight">-1/b × Δ[B]/Δt</span> = <span class="highlight">1/c ×
Δ[C]/Δt</span> = <span class="highlight">1/d × Δ[D]/Δt</span>
</div>
</div>

<div class="formula-box">
<div class="formula">Persamaan Laju: v = k[A]ᵐ[B]ⁿ</div>
<div class="sub-formula">
<div class="left">k = Konstanta laju</div>
<div class="right">Bergantung pada suhu</div>
</div>
<div class="sub-formula">
<div class="left">m, n = Orde reaksi</div>
<div class="right">Ditentukan dari eksperimen</div>
</div>
<div class="sub-formula">
<div class="left">Orde total = m + n</div>
<div class="right">Jumlah semua orde</div>
</div>
</div>

<div class="table-container">
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>Faktor</th>
<th>Pengaruh</th>
<th>Penjelasan</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><strong>Suhu ↑</strong></td>
<td>Laju ↑</td>
<td>Energi kinetik molekul meningkat</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>Konsentrasi ↑</strong></td>
<td>Laju ↑</td>
<td>Tumbukan molekul lebih sering</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>Luas permukaan ↑</strong></td>
<td>Laju ↑</td>
<td>Kontak antar partikel meningkat</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>Katalis</strong></td>
<td>Laju ↑</td>
<td>Menurunkan energi aktivasi</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</div>

<!-- KESETIMBANGAN KIMIA -->


<div class="section">
<h2><span class="icon">⚖️</span>KESETIMBANGAN KIMIA</h2>

<div class="visual-diagram">
<div class="reaction-diagram">
<span class="molecule">A + B</span>
<span class="equilibrium-arrow">⇌</span>
<span class="molecule">C + D</span>
</div>
<p style="margin-top: 15px; color: #7f8c8d; font-style: italic;">
Laju reaksi maju = Laju reaksi balik
</p>
</div>

<div class="formula-box">
<div class="formula">Kc = [C]ᶜ[D]ᵈ / [A]ᵃ[B]ᵇ</div>
<div class="explanation">
<strong>Kc</strong> = Konstanta kesetimbangan konsentrasi<br>
Hanya untuk zat dalam fase <span class="highlight">gas</span>
dan <span class="highlight">larutan</span>
</div>
</div>

<div class="formula-box">
<div class="formula">Kp = (Pc)ᶜ(PD)ᵈ / (PA)ᵃ(PB)ᵇ</div>
<div class="explanation">
<strong>Kp</strong> = Konstanta kesetimbangan tekanan
parsial<br>
Hubungan: <span class="highlight">Kp = Kc(RT)^Δn</span>
</div>
</div>

<div class="table-container">
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>Perubahan</th>
<th>Arah Pergeseran</th>
<th>Prinsip Le Chatelier</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><strong>Konsentrasi reaktan ↑</strong></td>
<td>Ke kanan →</td>
<td>Mengurangi gangguan</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>Konsentrasi produk ↑</strong></td>
<td>Ke kiri ←</td>
<td>Mengurangi gangguan</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>Suhu ↑ (Eksoterm)</strong></td>
<td>Ke kiri ←</td>
<td>Menyerap panas</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>Suhu ↑ (Endoterm)</strong></td>
<td>Ke kanan →</td>
<td>Menyerap panas</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>Tekanan ↑</strong></td>
<td>Ke arah molekul sedikit</td>
<td>Mengurangi tekanan</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</div>

<!-- ASAM DAN BASA -->


<div class="section">
<h2><span class="icon">🧪</span>ASAM DAN BASA</h2>

<div class="formula-box">
<div class="formula">pH = -log[H⁺]</div>
<div class="formula">pOH = -log[OH⁻]</div>
<div class="formula">pH + pOH = 14</div>
<div class="explanation">
Pada suhu 25°C, <span class="highlight">[H⁺][OH⁻] = Kw =
10⁻¹⁴</span>
</div>
</div>

<div class="visual-diagram">
<div style="display: flex; justify-content: space-between; align-
items: center; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 20px;">
<div style="text-align: center;">
<div style="background: #e74c3c; color: white; padding:
10px; border-radius: 10px; font-weight: bold;">
ASAM<br>pH < 7
</div>
<div style="margin-top: 10px; color: #2c3e50;">
[H⁺] > [OH⁻]
</div>
</div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<div style="background: #95a5a6; color: white; padding:
10px; border-radius: 10px; font-weight: bold;">
NETRAL<br>pH = 7
</div>
<div style="margin-top: 10px; color: #2c3e50;">
[H⁺] = [OH⁻]
</div>
</div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<div style="background: #3498db; color: white; padding:
10px; border-radius: 10px; font-weight: bold;">
BASA<br>pH > 7
</div>
<div style="margin-top: 10px; color: #2c3e50;">
[H⁺] < [OH⁻]
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>

<div class="formula-box">
<div class="formula">Asam Kuat: [H⁺] = M × valensi</div>
<div class="sub-formula">
<div class="left">HCl → H⁺ + Cl⁻</div>
<div class="right">Ionisasi sempurna</div>
</div>
<div class="sub-formula">
<div class="left">H₂SO₄ → 2H⁺ + SO₄²⁻</div>
<div class="right">Valensi = 2</div>
</div>
</div>

<div class="formula-box">
<div class="formula">Asam Lemah: [H⁺] = √(Ka × Ma)</div>
<div class="sub-formula">
<div class="left">Ka = [H⁺]²/[HA]</div>
<div class="right">Konstanta ionisasi asam</div>
</div>
<div class="explanation">
Untuk asam lemah dengan ionisasi: HA ⇌ H⁺ + A⁻
</div>
</div>

<div class="formula-box">
<div class="formula">Basa Kuat: [OH⁻] = M × valensi</div>
<div class="formula">pH = 14 - pOH</div>
<div class="sub-formula">
<div class="left">NaOH → Na⁺ + OH⁻</div>
<div class="right">Ionisasi sempurna</div>
</div>
</div>

<div class="formula-box">
<div class="formula">Basa Lemah: [OH⁻] = √(Kb × Mb)</div>
<div class="sub-formula">
<div class="left">Kb = [OH⁻]²/[BOH]</div>
<div class="right">Konstanta ionisasi basa</div>
</div>
</div>

<div class="table-container">
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>Indikator</th>
<th>Warna dalam Asam</th>
<th>Warna dalam Basa</th>
<th>Trayek pH</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><strong>Lakmus</strong></td>
<td style="background: #ffcdd2;">Merah</td>
<td style="background: #c8e6c9;">Biru</td>
<td>4,5 - 8,3</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>Fenolftalein</strong></td>
<td>Tidak berwarna</td>
<td style="background: #fce4ec;">Merah muda</td>
<td>8,2 - 10,0</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>Metil Jingga</strong></td>
<td style="background: #ffcdd2;">Merah</td>
<td style="background: #fff9c4;">Kuning</td>
<td>3,1 - 4,4</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>Bromtimol Biru</strong></td>
<td style="background: #fff9c4;">Kuning</td>
<td style="background: #c8e6c9;">Biru</td>
<td>6,0 - 7,6</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>

<div class="visual-diagram">
<h3 style="margin-bottom: 15px; color: #2c3e50;">Pasangan Asam-Basa
Konjugasi</h3>
<div class="reaction-diagram">
<span class="molecule">HCl</span>
<span>+</span>
<span class="molecule">H₂O</span>
<span class="arrow">→</span>
<span class="molecule">H₃O⁺</span>
<span>+</span>
<span class="molecule">Cl⁻</span>
</div>
<div style="margin-top: 15px; display: flex; justify-content:
space-around; flex-wrap: wrap;">
<div style="text-align: center;">
<div style="background: #e74c3c; color: white; padding:
8px; border-radius: 5px; margin-bottom: 5px;">
Asam 1
</div>
<div>HCl</div>
</div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<div style="background: #3498db; color: white; padding:
8px; border-radius: 5px; margin-bottom: 5px;">
Basa 1
</div>
<div>H₂O</div>
</div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<div style="background: #e74c3c; color: white; padding:
8px; border-radius: 5px; margin-bottom: 5px;">
Asam 2
</div>
<div>H₃O⁺</div>
</div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<div style="background: #3498db; color: white; padding:
8px; border-radius: 5px; margin-bottom: 5px;">
Basa 2
</div>
<div>Cl⁻</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>

<div style="text-align: center; margin-top: 30px; padding: 20px;


background: linear-gradient(135deg, #2c3e50 0%, #34495e 100%); border-radius: 15px;
color: white;">
<h3>📖 Panduan Belajar Kimia Kelas XI Semester 2</h3>
<p style="margin-top: 10px; opacity: 0.9;">
Gunakan rumus-rumus di atas sebagai referensi untuk memahami konsep
laju reaksi, kesetimbangan kimia, dan asam-basa
</p>
</div>
</div>
</body>
</html>

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