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Competenc Notice disorder in an environment

y that are not in their proper place
and organize them in an aesthetic
4 way.
In the long run and on your own, you will be able to appreciate by
understanding the interplay between humans and their environment.
At the end of this module, you will be able to:
a) recognize the factors that causes disorder in an environment;
b) appreciate the significant role of human being in keeping order in an environment; and
c) demonstrate the virtue of prudence and frugality towards his/her environment.

Initial Task: Capture and define me?

Direction: Every moment has its own meaning to ponder upon. Either, it gives
pleasing effects or vice versa. Thus, in this activity I want you to capture unscripted
moment which is actually the factor/s that causes disorder in an environment.
Indicate the picture/s inside the box and please write at least three philosophical
notions below the picture.

Illegal Logging, this is the common big problem of the Environment, which is I always
see this on my Facebook, The environmental effects of illegal
logging include deforestation, the loss of biodiversity and the emission of greenhouse
gases, absence of tress to build an structure of building can cause Higher amounts of
carbon dioxide in the air and lower amounts of oxygen that can affect the welfare of
others, because of the illegal activities which for them is beautiful they wrong, nothing
will happens after cutting down the trees but later you will suffer the whip of nature.

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What are your realizations on this activity? How do human being put
disorder in the environment?

They risked everyone's life for their own good, in which is unfair, they endanger the life
of nature, in which the innocent people will be affected of their illegal activities for
structure and other innovation activities.

Unlocking of Difficulties
1. Aesthetic- it is relating to beauty or pleasing in appearance.
2. Frugality- it is the quality or state of being frugal or careful
management of
material resources.
3. Environment-it is the circumstances, objects, or conditions by
which one is
surrounded.

Lecturette
Overview: Relationships between human activity
and the environment

Our environment means our physical

surroundings and the characteristics of
the place in which we live. It also
refers to the wider natural world of
land, sea and atmosphere. Humans
have been interacting with their
[Link] environment since people first walked
the Earth. For example, humans have
been cutting down forests to clear land to grow
crops for centuries and by doing so we have altered the environment. Conversely,
the environment affects us in many different ways as well. A simple example is the
way we change our clothes in response to cold or hot weather. In this section I will
introduce some of the ways in which humans influence their environment and how
the environment influences us, both positively and negatively.

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A good climate, accessible clean water, fertile soil, etc. are aspects of the physical
environment that enable people to live and thrive. However, harsh environments,
such as a very hot climate, limited water and infertile land, make it more difficult for
people to survive. We are also affected by major environmental events such as
earthquakes, floods and drought that damage homes, property and agriculture.
These can lead to the displacement of people and can cause injury, loss of life and
destruction of livelihoods. They can also damage water sources and pipelines,
causing water contamination and spreading waterborne diseases.

Thus, in spite of the encounter between the positive and negative effects in an
environment we use many different types of natural resources in our daily lives. We
depend on food and water for survival and we need energy for many different
purposes, from domestic cooking through to major industrial processes. Our clothes,
transport, buildings, tools and all other items we use require many different
resources for their production. Let’s take a simple example. Think about the
resources that have been used to produce a notebook of the type you may be using
right now as you study this Module. Manufacturing the paper needed raw materials
of wood and water as well as energy for the production process. The trees that
supplied the wood required soil, water and land to grow on. There may be ink or
metal staples or other components in your notebook that were made from other
types of resources. Our need for resources is vast and it is growing as the
population increases and consumption per person increases with socio-economic
progress. Depletion of natural resources by extraction and exploitation is especially
of concern for non-renewable resources and renewable resources.

Furthermore, the resources we use can be classified the two mentioned resources.
The basic difference between the two is the rate at which they are regenerated
back into a usable form, relative to the rate at which they are used by
humans. Non-renewable resources cannot be replenished by natural means as
quickly as the rate at which they are consumed. They include minerals and fossil
fuels such as oil, coal and gas, which are formed over millions of years by natural
processes from decayed plants and animals. While, renewable resources are
constantly available or regenerated over short timescales by natural processes.
Some renewable resources, such as solar energy, are not modified or used up by
humans. Others, such as water, are altered when we use them and can be over-
exploited or damaged such that the resource is no longer available for use.

Lastly, I will present diagram for you to deeply understand the relationship of
human being and environment.

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www: Human–environment interaction and the generation of waste and pollutants.

Excursus

In Gen. 1:26 ff, God said, “Let us make humankind in our image, according to our
likeness. So God created humankind, male and female and blessed them. God
ordered them to be fruitful and multiply, and to take care of all God’s creation.” So,
the creation of human beings in God’s image and likeness and its consequences to
our own relationship with God and with others. God creates a human being to whom
he can speak, who will listen and speak to him. Being created in God’s image and
likeness implies a responsibility. Human beings are appointed to exercise
stewardship over all creatures. Human beings are called to the responsible use of
this gift according to the ways of God.
“Created in the image and likeness of God” does not mean that human beings are
equal to God, but it proclaims that God gives human beings the faculties and
powers of thinking God willing. It is through the human beings that God’s blessing to
be fruitful and multiply can be achieved. For us Christians, this could mean that the
purpose of multiplying offspring is not just to fill the world with people, but to
preserve the goodness and abundance of life that is coming from God-the source of
life. Therefore, as human being we need to protect the environment by living the
message of God entrusted to us.

Direction: Let us try to evaluate our conduct especially in engaging with

our environment. How do you maximize the resources given to you by our
environment? (Write your answer inside the box at least three
philosophical sentences.)

For me is to put the simple waste like recycle, save water, save electricity, volunteer on
activities which is can help to environment, plant more tress, Use a Reusable Beverage
Containers than plastic cellophane, put more trashcan specially in the public place or
even in the outside of the house, live simply as human can help too In the environment.

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Criteria

Content- 20 points
Philosophical notions- 10 points
Total – 30 points

Lecturette
Tragedy of the Commons by Garrett
Hardin
The Tragedy of the Commons refers to a
scenario in which commonly held land is
inevitably degraded because everyone in
a community is allowed to graze livestock
there. It was embraced as a principle by
the emerging environmental movement.

The Tragedy of the Commons is quite a

pernicious myth. Garrett Hardin’s main
purpose was that only to the tragedy of
the commons was to move all common
lands or rights to the use of land into
private ownership – thereby establishing
clear – property right.

The tragedy of the commons states that individuals acting independently

and rationally according to each's self-interest behave contrary to the best
interests of the whole group by depleting some common resource. The term
is taken from the title of an article written by Hardin in 1968, which is in turn
based upon an essay by a Victorian economist on the effects of unregulated
grazing on common land.

"Commons" in this sense has come to mean such resources as atmosphere,

oceans, rivers, fish stocks, the office refrigerator, energy or any other shared
resource which is not formally regulated; not common land in its agricultural
sense. Hardin based his argument on a story about the commons in rural
England.

(The term ―common was used in England to refer to the shared pastures,
fields, forests, irrigation systems and other resources that were found in
many rural areas until well into the 1800s. Similar communal farming
arrangements existed in most of Europe, and they still exist today in various
forms around the world, particularly in indigenous communities.)

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The tragedy of the

commons is quite a
pernicious myth.
Garret Hardin‘s
main
establishing clear
―property rights
The tragedy of the
commons is quite a
pernicious myth.
Garret Hardin‘s
main
Picture a pasture opens to all, Hardin wrote. A herdsman who wants to expand his
personal herd will calculate that the cost of additional grazing (reduced food for all
animals, rapid soil depletion) will be divided among all, but he alone will get the
benefit of having more cattle to sell.

Inevitably, ―the rational herdsman concludes that the only sensible course for him
to pursue is to add another animal to his herd. But every ―rational herdsman will
do the same thing, so the commons are soon overstocked and overgrazed to the
point where it supports no animals at all.

The key message from William Forster on the commons is summarized as follows
the key message is: “If a person puts more cattle into his own field, the amount of
the subsistence which they consume is all deducted from that which was at the
command, of his original stock; and if, before, there was no more than a sufficiency
of pasture, he reaps no benefit from the additional cattle, what is gained in one way

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being lost in another. But if he puts more cattle on a common, the food which they
consume forms a deduction which is shared between all the cattle, as well that of
others as his own, in proportion to their number, and only a small part of it is taken
from his own cattle. In an enclosed pasture, there is a point of saturation, if I may so
call it, (by which, I mean a barrier depending on considerations of interest), beyond
which no prudent man will add to his stock. In a common, also, there is in like
manner a point of saturation. But the position of the point in the two cases is
obviously different. Were a number of adjoining pastures, already fully stocked, to
be at once thrown open, and converted into one vast common, the position of the
point of saturation would immediately be changed" (Lloyd, 1833)

The commons are important because it provides a way of regulating activity without
he state or the market…. Throughout history, the commons have been the
dominant form of regulation providing an alternative almost universally ignored by
economists who are reluctant to admit that substitutes to the market and the state
even exist. (Wall 2005: p. 184)

Hardin used the word ―tragedy as Aristotle did, to refer to a dramatic outcome that
is the inevitable but unplanned result of a character ‘s actions. He called the
destruction of the commons through overuse a tragedy not because it is sad, but
because it is the inevitable result of shared use of the pasture. ―Freedom in a
commons bring ruin to all.

The tragedy of the commons concept is often cited in connection with sustainable
development, meshing economic growth and environmental protection, as well as in
the debate over global warming. It has also been used in analyzing behavior in the
fields of economics, evolutionary psychology, anthropology, game theory, politics,
taxation, and sociology. However, the concept as originally developed has also
received criticism for not taking into account the many other factors operating to
enforce or agree regulation in this scenario.

In his 1968 essay and many subsequent articles, Hardin lumped together very
different social situations and problems, labeled them all ―commons and claimed
that the ―tragedy of the commons explained them all. He argued that the
destruction of the historical commons explained the collapse of fisheries,
overcrowding in US national parks, air and water pollution, ―distracting and
unpleasant advertising signs, overpopulation, and even ―mindless music in
shopping malls. While his account is often labeled a metaphor, Hardin didn’t ‘t says
that those situations were similar to commons. He said they were commons, and
he repeatedly referred to their problems not as similar to but as aspects of the
tragedy of the commons.

In addition, Hardin also pointed out the problem of individuals acting in rational self-
interest by claiming that if all members in a group used common resources for their
own gain and with no regard for others, all resources would still eventually be
depleted. Overall, Hardin argues against relying on conscience as a means of
policing commons, suggesting that this favors selfish individuals – often known as
free riders – over those who are more altruistic. In the context of avoiding over-
exploitation of common resources, Hardin concludes by restating Hegel's maxim
(which was quoted by Engels), “freedom is the recognition of necessity." He
suggests that "freedom" completes the tragedy of the commons.

BIBLE VERSE:

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Anyone who has been stealing must
steal no longer, but must work, doing
something useful with their own hands,
that they may have something to share
with those in need.
Ephesians 4:28

Assessment
Direction: Humans participated a great impact on the development of a
more humane society. What is visible to the society or environment reflects
on the community living in a particular place. So, in this activity I want you to
evaluate your community having these questions, how is your community
now? What are your possible community outreach program if that is your
family? (Write your reflective notions inside the box)
1.) How is your community now? 2.) What are your possible community
outreach program?

For now a days, it is better to make a

Community now a days specially were
program about safety protocols and safety
now facing the pandemic, it is difficult, guidelines, for the seek of people despite
especially in finding work for the family, the pandemic, because of the law of not
despite of this pandemic we are facing attending or it is forbidden for many people
new normal which is all communication is to gather, it is better to make a video for
through online, facing the problems of people, to inform them about pandemic
progressing world and I hope the through social media, during the
pandemic disappears to return to its pandemic, every one of us needs a
original normal, it is hard to us to face this patience and help to overcome this
kind of problem face the world with face problem, because no one else can stop it
mask,breathing with constant but us ask god for help how to stop it, god
obstruction,walk with subsequent death, it will only guide what we need, because first
of all god does not deserve this problem
is difficult, that’s why it is better to live in
we face, let us always remember that,
house to keep safe and for the sake of the
mercy is in God and work is in man
family or if you leave the house, we must
to follow the protocol given by the
government.

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Criteria

Content- 20 points
Philosophical notions- 10 points
Total – 30 points

Lecturette
Drivers-Pressures-State-Impact-Response
The Drivers-Pressures-State-Impact-Response (DPSIR) model was originally
developed by the European Environmental Agency (EEA) and is used to assess and
manage environmental problems. Many national and European institutions adopted
this conceptual framework. It identifies the various causal chains of
links between human activities and environmental degradation. The model
distinguishes several categories of indicators in order to explain how the state of
the environment is changed due to human activities. Human activities increase or
mitigate pressure on the environment. The driving forces which initiate human
activities are mainly socio-economic and socio-cultural forces.

The following graphic explains the DPSIR process:

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[Link]/pin/300544975128047456/

Assessment
Direction: In the graphic presented regarding The Drivers-Pressures-State-Impact-
Response (DPSIR), it gives us the guide on how human beings interact with the
environment. So, on your own what are the possible ways for human to connect
meaningfully in an environment? (You may also draw a brief and concise graph in
this activity)

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Sources of change within and

between environmental system

MITIGATION TO AFFECT
ENVIRONMENTAL ENVIRONMENTAL SYSTEM
SYSTEMS BLOCKING

HUMAN PROXIMATE CAUSES PROXIMATE EFFECTS OR WHAT

HUMAN VALUE

MITIGATION TO HUMAN SYSTEM

AFFECT PROXIMATE
ADJUSTMENTS
CAUSES

SOURCES OF CHANGE WITHIN AND

BETWEEN HUMAN SYSTEM

MITIGATION TO
AFFECT HUMAN IMPROVEMENTS IN
SYSTEM ROBUSHES

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Rubric for Essay and Journal Writing

Lesson Reflection:

As an Ignacian Marian student, I learned that… I learned about the system of the
environment, what should be the good things to do for the goodness of the
environment and also I learned how to expand the good evironment system also
for the sake of nature and also for the beautiful environment in which we live,for
a good morning to rise because of our goodness within nature.

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Criteria
Content- 20 points
Philosophical notions- 10 points
Total – 30 points

Final Task:
Journal Writing Entry # 1:

Why is it important to aim for living life to the fullest? How will it help you in
your personal development? Cite one specific example on how you can apply
your learning or self-discovery in planning for better life.

Live everyday with fresh water, be true to who you are, create your own opportunities in
other word be unique, this kind of life I'm used to it, apply this to the topic is, be a nice
person on your self to others and also to the system of the community,share your life as
unique to others what’s your idea or unique idea to help the community and also in the
environment apply it as nice like a day when you drink fresh water, contribute even
simple, important of that is you help, not by your own but for others also.

Note: The same rubric in the assessment # 3 will be utilize on this

activity

References:
Gonzalvo Jr., Romeo P. (2016). Philosophy of the Human Person.
MINDSHAPERS CO.,
INC, Recoletos St., Intamuros, Manila
Private Education Assistance Comminttee (PEAC) handbook. Introduction to
the
Philosophy of the Human Person.
From Great Dialogues of Plato (Warmington and Rouse, eds.) New York,
Signet Classics:
1999. p. 316. Retrieved from,
[Link]/smcohen/320/[Link]
Corvino, John. (2015). The facts/ Opinion Distinction. Retrieved from www.
[Link]/essays/26
Anukwonke, Charles C. (2015). Concept of the Tragedy of the Commons;
Issues and
Application. Anambra State University. Retrieved from,

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[Link]/pin/300544975128047456

Prepared by:
Mariel T. Abuela, MAPM
Instructor

Checked by:
Raymond W. Dela Cuesta, LPT. MAED
SHS Academic Coordinator

Noted by:
Eleanor C. Aguillon, MAED
SHS Focal Person

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