Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune 2019 Course

Contents
Chapter Page
Name of Topic
No. No.
Abstract 4
1 Introduction 5

2 Problem Statement and Objectives 6

3 Motivation/Scope 7

4 Methodological details 8

5 Results / Analysis /inferences 19

6 Conclusion 21

Suggestions / Recommendations for improvement to

7 22
industry, if any

References 23

Smt. Kashibai Navale College of Engineering , TE (Mechanical Engineering) Page 1

 Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune 2019 Course

List of Figures
Figure 1 Selection Criteria Of Conveyor 11
Figure 2 Main Elements Of Conveyor 15
Figure 3 Design of Conveyor In Solidworks 19

Smt. Kashibai Navale College of Engineering , TE (Mechanical Engineering) Page 2

 Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune 2019 Course

NOMENCLATURE

This involves the various software and symbols used in the project for designing and
analysis.
CAD:- Computer Aided Design
CAE:- Computer Aided Engineering
FEA:- Finite Element Analysis
PRO-E- 4.0:- Pro Engineer Wildfire 4.0 version ANSYS
11.0:- Analysis software ANSYS 11.0 version

Symbol Description Unit

F Force N
A Cross sectional Area mm2
E Young’s Modulus N/mm2
(MPa)
σ Stress N/mm2
(MPa)
d Diameter mm
Sut Ultimate Strength N/mm2
(MPa)
Syt Yield Strength N/mm2
(MPa)
FOS Factor of Safety -
D Major Diameter mm
dc Core Diameter mm

Smt. Kashibai Navale College of Engineering , TE (Mechanical Engineering) Page 3

 Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune 2019 Course

ABSTRACT
The internship at 4D Infotech, a CAD design-based company, provided
valuable hands-on experience in computer-aided design and engineering solutions.
During the internship, I gained practical knowledge in using industry-standard CAD
software for 2D drafting and 3D modeling, while working on real-world projects in
sectors like automotive and manufacturing. I was exposed to various stages of the design
process, including concept development, detailing, and modifications based on client
feedback. The professional environment at 4D Infotech encouraged teamwork, creativity,
and technical growth. Under the guidance of experienced mentors, I learned how to apply
design standards, improve accuracy, and meet project deadlines. This internship
enhanced my understanding of engineering drawings, tolerance analysis, and design
optimization. Overall, the experience at 4D Infotech not only strengthened my CAD
skills but also prepared me for future roles in design and development, making it a highly
beneficial and career-shaping opportunity.

Smt. Kashibai Navale College of Engineering , TE (Mechanical Engineering) Page 4

 Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune 2019 Course

1. INTRODUCTION

This report presents an overview of my internship experience at 4D Infotech, where I had the
opportunity to contribute to the development and implementation of the Belt Conveyor project.
4D Infotech is renowned for its expertise in delivering cutting-edge technology solutions, and
during my time there, I was able to work closely with the engineering and project management
teams to understand the intricacies of designing and optimizing industrial automation systems.

The Belt Conveyor project aimed to enhance the efficiency and reliability of material handling
processes through automation and advanced engineering solutions. As part of the project team, I
was involved in various stages, including system design, troubleshooting, and performance
analysis, providing me with valuable insights into both the technical and operational challenges
of large-scale industrial projects.

This report will detail the objectives of the Belt Conveyor project, my role and contributions, the
skills I gained throughout the internship, and the overall impact of the experience on my
professional growth in the field of automation and engineering.

Smt. Kashibai Navale College of Engineering , TE (Mechanical Engineering) Page 5

 Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune 2019 Course

2. PROBLEM STATEMENT AND OBJECTIVES

Bulk material transportation requirement has continued to press the belt conveyor industry
to carry higher tonnages over longer distance & more diverse routes. In order to keep up,
significant technology advance have been required in the field of system design, analysis and
numerical simulation. The application of traditional components in non-traditional applications
requiring horizontal curves & intermediate drives have changed & expanded belt conveyors
possibilities. Examples of complex conveying applications along with numerical tools required
to ensure reliability & availability will be reviewed. As an engineering student our objective is
to learn the practical/ actual design of conveyor system.

Smt. Kashibai Navale College of Engineering , TE (Mechanical Engineering) Page 6

 Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune 2019 Course

3. MOTIVATION / SCOPE

The scope of motivation for designing a conveyor system on a SolidWorks project

would typically focus on the following key areas:

1. Efficiency and Productivity: The primary motivation is to improve efficiency and

throughput in a system where material handling is critical. Conveyors are designed to
reduce manual labor, minimize errors, and increase production rates. SolidWorks can
help in simulating the system to optimize the layout and functioning.

2. Space Optimization: A conveyor system needs to be compact yet efficient. Using

SolidWorks, the system can be modeled to fit within specific spatial constraints
while ensuring that the design doesn't compromise on functionality or performance.

3. Customization and Flexibility: A major driving force is to design a system that can
be adapted to different materials, production environments, or layout constraints.
SolidWorks allows the creation of customizable conveyor systems that can be
adjusted for various sizes, weights, and operational speeds.

4. Cost-Effectiveness: Reducing production and material costs is a major goal. Using

SolidWorks, designers can test different materials, configurations, and production
methods virtually, which helps in reducing physical prototyping costs and finding the
most cost-effective design solution.

5. Ergonomics and Safety: Motivating the design of a conveyor system on

SolidWorks involves ensuring that it is user-friendly, minimizes strain on workers,
and complies with safety standards. The system can be modeled and tested for
ergonomic concerns, such as height and accessibility.

6. Reliability and Durability: Conveyors must be designed to withstand continuous

operation in industrial environments. SolidWorks allows for stress testing and
durability analysis to ensure the system's longevity and reliability, making sure it
performs well over time.

7. Automation and Integration: The motivation behind using SolidWorks also lies in
the ability to integrate the conveyor system with automated equipment like robotic
arms, sensors, or other machinery. The design could be aimed at creating a fully
integrated automated material handling system.

8. Sustainability: With growing concerns around environmental impact, designing a

system that is energy-efficient, uses sustainable materials, and reduces waste could
also be a motivating factor. SolidWorks can help analyze energy consumption and
material choices in the conveyor design.

By using SolidWorks, the design process can be more streamlined, allowing for
better analysis, simulations, and optimizations in each of these areas. This approach
ultimately ensures a more effective, cost-efficient, and high-performance
conveyor system.

Smt. Kashibai Navale College of Engineering , TE (Mechanical Engineering) Page 7

 Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune 2019 Course

4. METHODOLOGICAL DETAILS
IMPORTANCE OF BELT CONVEYOR

The Belt conveyor system is a versatile material handling solution that is widely
used across various industries. It is designed to transport materials efficiently and
reliably in environments where other types of conveyors might not be as effective. The
importance of slat conveyor systems lies in their ability to handle heavy, bulky, or
irregular-shaped materials, as well as their adaptability to different industrial
applications. Below are some key points detailing the importance of slat conveyor
systems:

1. Handling Heavy and Bulky Loads

Importance: Slat conveyors are particularly well-suited for transporting heavy,
bulky, or large materials that may be difficult to handle with other conveyor systems,
such as belt conveyors.
Benefit: The slats are robust and designed to carry heavy loads without deformation,
making slat conveyors ideal for industries like automotive, metalworking, and
logistics where heavy materials, large parts, or equipment need to be moved.

2. Durability and Longevity

Importance: The slat conveyor system is known for its durability and ability to
withstand harsh environments, making it suitable for handling abrasive, hot, or
chemically sensitive materials.
Benefit: The slats themselves are typically made of metal or high-strength plastic,
providing long-lasting performance with minimal wear. Their robustness reduces the
need for frequent maintenance or replacements, making slat conveyors cost-effective
in the long run.

3. Handling Irregularly Shaped or Fragile Items

Importance: Slat conveyors can be designed with spacing between the slats, which
allows for the transportation of materials that have irregular shapes or delicate
surfaces. The flat surface can accommodate awkwardly shaped parts, ensuring they
do not fall or get damaged during transport.
Benefit: This makes slat conveyors an excellent option for industries that deal with
fragile or unusually shaped items, such as electronics, food processing, or packaging.

4. Adaptability to Different Materials and Environments

Importance: Slat conveyors can be adapted for a wide range of materials and
environments. The slats can be configured to transport various materials, from small
parts to large assemblies, and can be designed to work in different industrial settings,
including wet, dry, hot, or cold environments.
Benefit: This versatility makes slat conveyors valuable in a variety of industries,
including food processing, automotive manufacturing, packaging, and assembly
lines, where different types of materials and conditions need to be accommodated.

5. Precise Control and Positioning of Materials

Importance: Slat conveyors are ideal for applications where precise control of
material positioning is needed. The individual slats allow for a more controlled
movement of materials, particularly in cases where items need to be spaced at regular

Smt. Kashibai Navale College of Engineering , TE (Mechanical Engineering) Page 8

 Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune 2019 Course

intervals, such as in assembly or inspection processes.

Benefit: This precision makes slat conveyors ideal for operations that require
accurate material handling, such as in the automotive industry where car parts are
carefully positioned for assembly.

6. Easy Integration with Other Systems

Importance: Slat conveyors are highly compatible with other material handling
systems, including automated systems, robotic arms, or workstations. They can be
seamlessly integrated into existing production lines or distribution processes.
Benefit: The ease of integration allows businesses to enhance their operations by
incorporating automated processes, reducing labor costs, and improving overall
production efficiency.

7. Flexible Design Options

Importance: Slat conveyors can be customized to suit specific operational needs,
including changes in direction (horizontal, inclined, or vertical), speed, and length.
They can be designed to navigate complex layouts or confined spaces within
factories or warehouses.
Benefit: This flexibility enables businesses to adapt the conveyor system to fit their
unique needs and space requirements, making slat conveyors highly efficient for
diverse operations.

8. Reduced Material Damage

Importance: Slat conveyors help reduce the risk of material damage during transport,
particularly when handling fragile or sensitive products. The material is supported
evenly across the slats, preventing slipping or falling that could cause damage.
Benefit: This quality makes slat conveyors beneficial in industries like food
processing, pharmaceuticals, and electronics, where product integrity is critical.

9. Low Maintenance Requirements

Importance: Slat conveyor systems generally require less maintenance compared to
other types of conveyors, such as belt conveyors. The components are robust, and
the system is designed for ease of maintenance and repair.
Benefit: The low-maintenance nature of slat conveyors leads to reduced downtime,
making them a reliable and cost-effective choice for industries where continuous
material handling is essential.

10. Efficiency in High-Temperature Applications

Importance: Slat conveyors are especially suitable for high-temperature
environments, such as those found in industries like foundries, steel mills, and
bakeries. The slats can be made from heat-resistant materials that allow them to
handle hot parts or products without deforming or losing strength.
Benefit: This ability to withstand heat makes slat conveyors indispensable for
applications involving high-temperature materials or processes, where other
conveyor types may not be viable.

11. Improved Workplace Safety

Importance: Slat conveyors are designed with safety in mind. The individual slats
prevent materials from becoming dislodged and spilling, reducing the risk of

Smt. Kashibai Navale College of Engineering , TE (Mechanical Engineering) Page 9

 Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune 2019 Course

accidents and workplace hazards.

Benefit: Slat conveyors help maintain a safe working environment by reducing the
likelihood of materials falling off the conveyor and causing injuries. Additionally,
their rugged design minimizes the risk of mechanical failure or other safety-related
issues.

12. Customization for Specific Applications

Importance: Slat conveyors can be customized with different types of slats, including
perforated or solid slats, depending on the materials being transported and the
environment.
Benefit: This adaptability ensures that slat conveyors can be optimized for specific
needs, such as handling products that need to be cooled or products that require
ventilation.

SELETION CRITERIA OF CONVEYOR

Fig.1. Selection Criteria Of Conveyor

1. Load Capacity

The load capacity is one of the most critical factors when designing a roller
conveyor. It determines how much weight the system can handle without causing
damage or failure. The conveyor must be able to support the weight of the items
being moved, including the weight of any containers or pallets. When selecting a
roller conveyor, it's essential to consider the total weight that will be distributed
across the rollers. The load capacity will influence the choice of material for the
rollers and the strength of the conveyor frame.

For example, a conveyor designed for light products like packages may have a lower
weight capacity compared to a conveyor designed to carry heavy industrial goods
such as metal parts or bulk containers. The conveyor system should also be designed
to support dynamic loads—when items are in motion, there are forces that can impact
the rollers and frames differently than when the load is static.

2. Roller Material

The material of the rollers plays a crucial role in the durability, strength, and
suitability of the conveyor for specific applications. Common roller materials
include:
Smt. Kashibai Navale College of Engineering , TE (Mechanical Engineering) Page 10
 Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune 2019 Course

Steel Rollers: Best for heavy-duty applications, steel rollers are durable, strong, and
capable of handling high loads. They are typically used in industrial settings where
heavy or bulky items are transported.
Plastic Rollers: Used for lighter loads, these are corrosion-resistant and quieter than
steel. They are ideal for handling lighter products, packaging materials, or food-
grade applications.
Aluminum Rollers: These offer a balance of strength and lightweight properties,
often used for medium-duty applications.

Stainless Steel Rollers: Excellent for harsh environments, especially in food

processing, pharmaceuticals, or chemical industries where hygiene and resistance to
corrosion are critical.

Choosing the right roller material ensures that the conveyor system is long-lasting
and performs effectively in the given conditions.

3. Roller Diameter and Spacing

Roller diameter and spacing significantly affect the conveyor's performance. The
diameter of the roller determines how smoothly it can move items. Larger diameters
provide better support for heavier loads and ensure smoother travel of larger items,
reducing friction and wear.

Roller Diameter: Larger diameter rollers (e.g., 2 inches or more) are often used for
heavier loads, while smaller diameter rollers (e.g., 1 inch) are suited for lighter
materials.

Roller Spacing: The spacing between rollers must be appropriate for the size and
weight of the items being transported. A general rule of thumb is that the spacing
should be no more than 1.5 to 2 times the length of the item being conveyed. For
larger items, closer spacing (i.e., 2-4 inches between rollers) is preferable to ensure
stability.

Proper roller diameter and spacing minimize operational issues like jamming or
items falling through gaps.

4. Speed of Conveyor

Conveyor speed determines how quickly products are moved through the system. It
should be tailored to match the operational requirements. For example, in
manufacturing lines where products must move quickly from one workstation to
another, higher speeds are necessary. However, for applications like order picking,
slower speeds might be more appropriate to allow for more controlled movement
and handling.

Speed is typically adjustable, and factors to consider include:

Product handling: Some fragile products may require slower speeds to prevent
damage.
Smt. Kashibai Navale College of Engineering , TE (Mechanical Engineering) Page 11
 Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune 2019 Course

System capacity: The conveyor speed must align with the system’s capacity to avoid
bottlenecks.

5. Inclination Angle

Roller conveyors can be designed to move items along a horizontal path, or they can
be inclined to allow for changes in elevation (e.g., moving items from one floor
level
To another). The angle of inclination will affect the movement of the goods and the
friction involved.

For light goods: A moderate incline is typically acceptable.

For heavy goods: Steeper inclines may require a more robust system, possibly
incorporating powered rollers to overcome gravity.

It's essential to account for the type of goods being conveyed, as some items may be
too delicate to move up an incline, or gravity may not be sufficient to transport
heavy items.

6. Drive Mechanism

The drive mechanism determines how the rollers are powered. There are two
primary types:

Powered Roller Conveyors: These are driven by motors and are typically used in
applications requiring automation, heavy load handling, or when continuous
movement is needed. Powered rollers are often equipped with either a belt, chain, or
direct-drive motor.

Gravity Roller Conveyors: These rely on gravity to move the items, making them
suitable for simple applications, like loading or unloading vehicles, or short transport
distances. These systems are cost-effective but may require a decline or slope to
function efficiently.
The type of drive mechanism will influence energy consumption, complexity, and
cost of the conveyor system.

7. Product Handling Requirements

Not all items are created equal, and their characteristics need to be considered when
designing the conveyor system. The size, weight, shape, and fragility of the products
being conveyed will dictate the design.

Size and Shape: For large or irregularly shaped items, larger or specialized rollers
may be required to accommodate them without causing jams or damage.

Fragility: Fragile products, such as glass or electronics, may require cushioned

rollers, slower speeds, or even a specialized conveyor that minimizes impact during
transportation.
Smt. Kashibai Navale College of Engineering , TE (Mechanical Engineering) Page 12
 Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune 2019 Course

Proper consideration of the products ensures the conveyor system can handle items
safely and efficiently.

8. Environmental Conditions

The operating environment of the conveyor system must be considered, as this can
significantly impact material selection and system design.

Temperature: Conveyors in environments with extreme temperatures (e.g., cold

storage or heat-sensitive materials) may require specialized materials that can
withstand these conditions.

Humidity: In wet or humid conditions, corrosion-resistant materials such as stainless

steel may be necessary.

Exposure to Chemicals: For environments involving hazardous chemicals,

corrosion- resistant materials and protective coatings might be essential.

Understanding environmental conditions ensures the longevity and reliability of the

system.

9. Maintenance and Durability

A good roller conveyor system is easy to maintain and built for durability. The more
frequently maintenance is required, the higher the long-term cost and downtime.
Choose a system with components that are easy to inspect, repair, and replace.

Wear-resistant materials: Rollers should be made from durable, wear-resistant

materials to reduce the frequency of replacements.

Modular design: A modular design allows for easier maintenance and replacement of
individual components without dismantling the entire system.
Designing a system that minimizes wear and tear will reduce operational disruptions
and increase the system's lifespan.

10. System Flexibility

The ability to adapt to future changes is a key factor in conveyor system design. For
example, changes in product sizes, weights, or production rates may require system
modifications.

Modular components: A flexible design allows for adding or reconfiguring sections

of the conveyor.

Adjustable speed: Variable speed drives provide the ability to adjust conveyor speed
to meet future requirements.

Building flexibility into the system ensures that it can grow and evolve with your
business needs.
Smt. Kashibai Navale College of Engineering , TE (Mechanical Engineering) Page 13
 Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune 2019 Course

11. Safety Features

Safety is paramount in any industrial or manufacturing system. Roller conveyor

systems should be equipped with features that prevent accidents and ensure operator
safety.

Emergency stop buttons: Easy-to-reach stops in case of an emergency. Roller guards:

Covers that prevent access to moving parts.

Sensors: These can detect blockages or misaligned products and automatically stop the
system.

Warning lights and alarms: Indicate when something is wrong with the system,
allowing operators to react quickly.
A safe system not only protects personnel but also ensures smooth and uninterrupted
operations.

12. Cost and Budget

Finally, the design should take into account the project budget. While it's important to
meet operational requirements, the overall cost of the system—including installation,
energy consumption, and maintenance—should be carefully evaluated.

Initial cost: The upfront cost of the system, including installation and components.

Operational costs: Ongoing costs such as energy consumption and maintenance.

Return on investment (ROI): Evaluate the expected efficiency gains and productivity
improvements.
A balance between cost-effectiveness and high performance should guide the design
process. By carefully considering each of these factors, you can design a roller
conveyor system that meets operational needs, enhances productivity, and operates
efficiently while remaining cost-effective.

MAIN ELEMENTS OF CONVEYOR

Certainly! Below is a more detailed and descriptive breakdown of the main

components of a conveyor system, explaining their specific roles and how they work
together to facilitate the movement of materials.

Fig.2. Main Elements Of Conveyor

Smt. Kashibai Navale College of Engineering , TE (Mechanical Engineering) Page 14
 Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune 2019 Course

A slat conveyor system is composed of several key elements that work together to
transport materials efficiently, especially in applications where heavy, bulky, or
irregularly shaped items need to be moved. Below are the main components of a slat
conveyor system:

Description: Slats are the flat, rigid components that make up the conveyor surface.
They are typically made from materials such as steel, plastic, or aluminum,
depending on the application and material being transported.

Function: The slats provide a stable surface for materials to rest on as they move
along the conveyor system. They are spaced apart, allowing for flexibility in
transporting various items, such as large, heavy, or irregularly shaped goods.

Design Options: Slats can be designed in different shapes (solid, perforated, or

slotted) to suit specific handling requirements, such as ventilation or drainage.

1. Drive Unit

Description: The drive unit consists of the motor, gearbox, and other related
components that provide the power to move the slat conveyor system.

Function: The motor drives the system, transferring power through the gearbox to the
chain or sprockets, which in turn move the slats along the conveyor. The drive unit
controls the speed and direction of the conveyor.

Motor and Gearbox: The motor is typically electric, and the gearbox ensures the
correct speed and torque required for the conveyor’s operation.

2. Chain (or Sprocket Chain)

Description: In most slat conveyor systems, the slats are connected by a continuous
chain or sprocket system, which allows the slats to move along the conveyor track.

Function: The chain drives the slats in a continuous loop, ensuring uniform
movement. The sprockets engage with the chain, transferring motion from the drive
unit to the slats.

Material: The chains are typically made of steel or high-strength materials to

withstand the heavy loads being transported.

3. Sprockets

Description: Sprockets are toothed wheels that engage with the chain or belt,
providing the mechanical force necessary to drive the conveyor.

Smt. Kashibai Navale College of Engineering , TE (Mechanical Engineering) Page 15

 Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune 2019 Course

Function: The sprockets rotate as the chain moves, helping to transfer the drive
motion from the motor to the slats. They are mounted on shafts and are critical to
ensuring smooth and efficient operation of the system.

Positioning: Sprockets are located at both the drive and idler ends of the conveyor
system, as well as in between, to ensure proper tension and movement of the chain.

4. Idler Rollers and Pulley System

Description: Idler rollers (or pulleys) are components placed at intervals along the
conveyor to guide the slats and chain. They provide support and reduce friction as the
slats move.

Function: These rollers or pulleys help maintain the alignment of the chain and
prevent the slats from sagging or misaligning. They also help distribute the load
across the system.

Material: Typically made of steel, aluminum, or plastic, idlers are designed to

withstand the forces acting on the system, including heavy loads and friction.

5. Frame (Support Structure)

Description: The frame of the slat conveyor system provides the structural support
for all other components.

Function: The frame holds and supports the slats, drive unit, idler rollers, and other
components in place. It provides stability to the entire conveyor system.

Material: The frame is typically made of steel, stainless steel, or other durable
materials to withstand the stresses of handling heavy loads.

6. Take-Up Device

Description: The take-up device is used to adjust the tension of the chain or belt to
ensure smooth operation.

Function: The take-up device compensates for chain stretch or slat wear over time by
maintaining proper tension. It ensures that the system runs efficiently without
slippage or excessive strain on the motor and drive components.

Types: There are several types of take-up devices, including manual and automatic
tensioners.

7. Return Track

Description: The return track is the section of the conveyor where the slats travel
back after completing the transport of materials.

Smt. Kashibai Navale College of Engineering , TE (Mechanical Engineering) Page 16

 Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune 2019 Course

Function: It guides the slats back to the beginning of the system. The return track must
be properly aligned and smooth to ensure the slats can move easily without friction or
misalignment.

Design: The return track may include rollers or pulleys to support the slats during their
return journey.

Tensioning System
Description: The tensioning system is responsible for maintaining the proper tension on
the chain or belt, ensuring the slats move smoothly and without excessive slack.

Function: Proper tensioning is essential to avoid the conveyor chain from sagging or
becoming too tight, both of which can lead to operational issues, such as chain wear or
slat misalignment.

Components: This system can include adjustable rollers, hydraulic or spring tensioners,
and other devices designed to apply tension to the chain or belt.

8. Guarding and Safety Features

Description: Safety guards and features are installed around the moving components of
the slat conveyor to protect operators and prevent accidents.

Function: These guards prevent direct contact with moving parts like the chain,
sprockets, or motor. Safety features can also include emergency stop buttons, warning
signs, and limit switches.

Importance: Proper guarding helps ensure a safe working environment, particularly in

industrial settings where conveyors operate with heavy loads or in hazardous conditions.

9. Control System

Description: The control system governs the operation of the slat conveyor, allowing
operators to start, stop, and adjust the speed of the system.

Function: It includes electrical panels, sensors, switches, and programmable logic

controllers (PLCs) that monitor the conveyor's performance, detect any malfunctions,
and ensure the conveyor operates smoothly.

Advanced Features: More advanced systems may include speed controllers, automatic
shut-off mechanisms, or sensor-based features to detect blockages or malfunctions.

10. Chutes and Loading/Unloading Stations

Description: Chutes or loading and unloading stations are used to feed materials onto the
conveyor or remove them at the end of the process.
Function: Chutes direct the materials onto the conveyor in a controlled manner, while
unloading stations ensure that materials are properly removed or transferred at the end of
the conveyor.

Smt. Kashibai Navale College of Engineering , TE (Mechanical Engineering) Page 17

 Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune 2019 Course

Design: These can be customized based on the type of materials being handled, such
as bulk materials, packaged goods, or large parts.

DESIGN IN SOLIDWORKS

[Link] of Conveyor In Solidworks

Thus, the entire assembly is made in SOLIDWORKS 2014 of the parts
that are discussed above

Smt. Kashibai Navale College of Engineering , TE (Mechanical Engineering) Page 18

 Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune 2019 Course

5. RESULTS / ANALYSIS /INFERENCES

The Results, Analysis, and Inferences section of a conveyor system design project
on SolidWorks typically draws upon the outcomes of various simulations, optimizations,
and design decisions. Here's a breakdown of these elements in the context of your project:
The results section will include the final design and performance metrics of the
conveyor system, supported by simulations and tests. These could be presented as: Design
Configuration: A fully designed conveyor system using SolidWorks, including all major
components like belts, motors, pulleys, supports, and controls. The final design would
reflect optimized dimensions, material choices, and component arrangements.
Simulation Outcomes: Using SolidWorks’ simulation tools, you might run multiple tests
to assess the system's performance under various conditions:
Energy Consumption: Results from simulations comparing the energy efficiency of the
conveyor system, indicating whether the design meets energy-saving goals or requires
further optimization.
Cost Estimation: A breakdown of estimated material and production costs, comparing the
cost of using different materials or configurations in the conveyor system. A cost- benefit
analysis might reveal whether additional investments in higher-quality materials or
advanced features are justified by the system's improved performance.

Analysis: -
The analysis phase interprets the results and provides deeper insights into the system's
performance and design effectiveness.

Design Efficiency: Analysis of the design's efficiency in terms of speed, capacity, and
throughput. A successful conveyor system design should provide high throughput while
minimizing delays or bottlenecks. For instance, evaluating the material flow rate in
different conveyor belt configurations and motor speeds to optimize processing time.

Stress and Durability Analysis: Analyzing the stress points, potential failure modes, and
durability of critical components (like pulleys or belts) under heavy loads. If certain areas
of the conveyor system show stress concentrations or excessive wear during simulations,
design adjustments (like reinforcement or material change) could be suggested.
Energy Efficiency: After running energy consumption simulations, the analysis may show
how different configurations or materials affect energy use. This analysis will help
determine if the conveyor system design meets sustainability goals or if additional
Smt. Kashibai Navale College of Engineering , TE (Mechanical Engineering) Page 19
 Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune 2019 Course

modifications are needed to reduce energy consumption further.

Maintenance Considerations: Assessing the ease of maintenance based on design, layout,

and components. For example, ease of access to motors, belts, and other key parts for
maintenance activities such as cleaning or part replacement.

Performance under Various Conditions: Analyzing the system’s performance across

different operational conditions, such as varying loads, speeds, and environmental factors
(temperature, humidity, etc.). This ensures the system is reliable in the intended operational
environment.

Inferences: -
Inferences are drawn from the results and analysis, which lead to conclusions and
recommendations for further work or improvements. These could include:

Optimized Design: Based on simulation outcomes and analysis, the final design should be
deemed optimal for the intended use, balancing speed, load capacity, energy efficiency,
and cost-effectiveness. Any unnecessary components or features that add complexity or
cost without significant benefits may be eliminated.

Improvement Opportunities: If the simulations reveal weak points in the design (such as
excessive wear on certain components or inefficiencies in material handling), you could
infer those adjustments are needed. For example, reinforcing the conveyor frame, selecting
more durable materials for high-stress areas, or improving motor control mechanisms for
energy efficiency.

Cost vs. Performance: If the cost analysis indicates that higher-end materials or additional
features (like automated sensors or smart controls) significantly improve system
performance, the inference might be that the benefits outweigh the initial investment,
particularly in environments where reliability and throughput are critical.

Potential for Scaling or Modifying: If the system meets performance criteria, the
inference could be that the design is scalable for use in different industries or production
environments with minor adjustments.

Smt. Kashibai Navale College of Engineering , TE (Mechanical Engineering) Page 20

 Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune 2019 Course

6. CONCLUSION

In conclusion, the project of designing a conveyor system using SolidWorks has

demonstrated the significant advantages of using advanced CAD and simulation tools
to optimize both the design and functionality of industrial material handling systems.
The final design, after being subjected to various simulations, has proven to be
efficient in terms of load capacity, energy consumption, and material flow.

However, the analysis also highlighted areas for improvement, such as optimizing
certain components for better durability or considering modifications for more energy-
efficient operation. The study's inferences suggest that with some adjustments, the
system could be further refined for enhanced long-term reliability and minimal
maintenance.

Ultimately, the project affirms that SolidWorks is an invaluable tool in the design and
optimization of conveyor systems, offering a comprehensive platform for both
prototyping and performance testing. The project successfully achieved its goal of
delivering an efficient, scalable, and adaptable conveyor system design, ready for
implementation and potential further development in industrial applications.

Smt. Kashibai Navale College of Engineering , TE (Mechanical Engineering) Page 21

 Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune 2019 Course

7. SUGGESTIONS / RECOMMENDATIONS FOR IMPROVEMENT

TO INDUSTRY, IF ANY

Smt. Kashibai Navale College of Engineering , TE (Mechanical Engineering) Page 22

 Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune 2019 Course

REFERENCES
[1] e, T.S., Dai, Y.J., Li,Y. and Wang, R.Z., Simulation investigation on solar
powered desiccant coated heat exchanger cooling system, Applied Energy, 2012,
Vol. 93, pp. 532-540.

[2] Goldsworthy, M. and White, S., Optimization of a desiccant cooling system design
with indirect evaporative cooler, International Journal of refrigeration, 2011, Vol.
34, pp. 148-158.

[3] Fong, K.F., Chow, T.T., Lin, Z. and Chan, L.S., “Simulation–optimization of solar
–assisted desiccant cooling system for subtropical Hong Kong”, Applied Thermal
Engineering, 2010, Vol. 30, pp. 220-228.

[4] Antonellis, S.D., Joppolo, C.M. and Molinaroli, L., Simulation, performance
analysis and optimization of desiccant wheels, Energy and Buildings, 2010, Vol.
42, pp. 1386-1393.

[5] “ABB-Process Industries Variable-Speed Drives for Belt Conveyor Systems”, pp.
1-7, (2000).

[6] Anath K N and Rakesh V (2013), “Design and Selecting Proper Conveyor Belt”,
Int. Journal of Advanced Technology, Vol. 4, No. 2, pp. 43-49.

[7] Besser Service Bulletin (2006), “Conveyor Belt Basic Rules and Procedure for
Tracking”, pp. 1-7.

[8] “Conveyor Equipment Manufacturers Association (CEMA)”, Belt Conveyors for

Bulk Materials, 6th Edition, pp. 200-205.

[9] Fenner Dunlop (2009), “Conveyor Handbook”, Conveyor Belting Australia, pp. 1-
70.

[10] “Phoenix Conveyor Belt Systems”, Design Fundamentals Hamburg, pp. 1- 16

(2004).

[11] Richardson J F, Harker J H and Backhurst J R (2002), Particle Technology and

Separation Process, 5th Edition, Vol. 2, pp. 29-35, Elsevier Publisher, New Delhi,
India.

Smt. Kashibai Navale College of Engineering , TE (Mechanical Engineering) Page 23