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Sensor Classification and Characteristics Guide

The document outlines a course plan for a unit on sensor classification, characteristics, and signal types, covering topics such as measurement basics, error analysis, sensor calibration, and signal types over seven weeks. It includes lecture notes detailing static and dynamic characteristics of transducers, performance measures, and sensor classifications. Additionally, a question bank is provided with both short and detailed questions to assess understanding of the material.

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kaminiganesan13
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10 views2 pages

Sensor Classification and Characteristics Guide

The document outlines a course plan for a unit on sensor classification, characteristics, and signal types, covering topics such as measurement basics, error analysis, sensor calibration, and signal types over seven weeks. It includes lecture notes detailing static and dynamic characteristics of transducers, performance measures, and sensor classifications. Additionally, a question bank is provided with both short and detailed questions to assess understanding of the material.

Uploaded by

kaminiganesan13
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

UNIT I – SENSOR CLASSIFICATION,

CHARACTERISTICS AND SIGNAL TYPES


Course Plan
Week Topics
Week 1 Basics of Measurement, Types of Errors
Week 2 Error Analysis, Static Characteristics of
Transducers
Week 3 Dynamic Characteristics, Performance
Measures
Week 4 Classification of Sensors
Week 5 Sensor Calibration Techniques
Week 6 Sensor Output Types, Analog/Digital
Signals
Week 7 PWM & PPM Concepts

Lecture Notes (Outline)


1. 1. Basics of Measurement: Units, standards, importance in sensors.
2. 2. Classification of Errors: Systematic, random, gross errors with examples.
3. 3. Error Analysis: Accuracy, precision, uncertainty calculations.
4. 4. Static Characteristics: Sensitivity, linearity, hysteresis, resolution, threshold.
5. 5. Dynamic Characteristics: Speed of response, fidelity, lag, dynamic error.
6. 6. Performance Measures: Range, span, drift, repeatability, reproducibility.
7. 7. Classification of Sensors: Active/passive, analog/digital, with examples.
8. 8. Sensor Calibration Techniques: Importance, zero/span adjustment, traceability.
9. 9. Sensor Outputs and Signal Types: Voltage/current outputs, analog/digital, PWM, PPM.

Question Bank

Part A – (2 Marks)
10. Define systematic error and give an example.
11. What is the difference between accuracy and precision?
12. Define sensitivity of a sensor.
13. What is meant by hysteresis in sensors?
14. Mention any two dynamic characteristics of a transducer.
15. What are the advantages of digital signals over analog signals?
16. Differentiate between active and passive sensors.
17. What is calibration of sensors?
18. Define threshold and resolution.
19. What is Pulse Width Modulation (PWM)?
20. What is meant by span and range of a sensor?
21. List any two performance measures of a sensor.
22. Define PPM and state one application.

Part B – (13 Marks)


23. Explain in detail the classification of measurement errors and discuss how to minimize
them.
24. Describe the static characteristics of a transducer and explain their importance in
sensor design.
25. Explain the dynamic characteristics of transducers with suitable graphs and definitions.
26. Describe various performance measures of sensors with neat diagrams wherever
necessary.
27. Classify the sensors based on their principle of operation and give suitable examples for
each type.
28. Discuss in detail the sensor calibration techniques and explain the importance of
traceability in measurement.
29. Differentiate analog and digital signal types. Explain PWM and PPM in detail with
waveforms and applications.
30. A temperature sensor has a sensitivity of 10 mV/°C. If the output is 250 mV, find the
temperature. Also, calculate the error if the actual temperature is 24°C.
31. Explain sensor output types (voltage, current, resistance) and how they are processed.
Give real-world examples.
32. With suitable block diagrams, explain the basic measurement system and the role of
transducers in it.

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