4–4. The A-36 steel rod is subjected to the loading shown.
If the cross-
sectional area of the rod is 50 mm2, determine the displacement of its
end D. Neglect the size of the couplings at B, C, and D.
4–8. The truss is made of three A-36 steel members, each having a cross-
sectional area of 400 mm2 . Determine the horizontal displacement of the
roller at C when P = 8 kN.
4–12. The rigid bar is supported by the pin-connected rod CB that has a
cross-sectional area of 500 mm2 and is made of A-36 steel. Determine the
vertical displacement of the bar at B when the load is applied.
4–16. The pipe is stuck in the ground so that when it is pulled upward the
frictional force along its length varies linearly from zero at B to fmax
(force length) at C. Determine the initial force P required to pull the pipe
out and the pipe’s elongation just before it starts to slip. The pipe has a
length L, cross-sectional area A, and the material from which it is made
has a modulus of elasticity E.
4–20. The weight of the kentledge exerts an axial force of P = 1500 kN on
the 300-mm diameter high-strength concrete bore pile. If the distribution
of the resisting skin friction developed from the interaction between the
soil and the surface of the pile is approximated as shown, determine the
resisting bearing force F for equilibrium. Take p0 = 180 kN>m. Also, find
the corresponding elastic shortening of the pile. Neglect the weight of the
pile.
4–24. The linkage is made of two pin-connected A-36 steel members,
each having a cross-sectional area of 1000 mm2 . If a vertical force of P =
250 kN is applied to point A, determine its vertical displacement at A.
4–28. The ball is truncated at its ends and is used to support the bearing
load P. If the modulus of elasticity for the material is E, determine the
decrease in the ball’s height when the load is applied.
4–32. The 2014-T6 aluminum rod AC is reinforced with the firmly bonded
A992 steel tube BC. If the assembly fits snugly between the rigid supports
so that there is no gap at C, determine the support reactions when the
axial force of 400 kN is applied. The assembly is attached at D.
4–36. Determine the support reactions at the rigid supports A and C. The
material has a modulus of elasticity of E.
4–40. The post is made from 606l-T6 aluminum and has a diameter of 50
mm. It is fixed supported at A and B, and at its center C there is a coiled
spring attached to the rigid collar. If the spring is originally
uncompressed, determine the compression in the spring when the load of
P = 50 kN is applied to the collar.
4–44. The specimen represents a filament-reinforced matrix system made
from plastic (matrix) and glass (fiber). If there are n fibers, each having a
cross-sectional area of Af and modulus of Ef, embedded in a matrix having
a cross-sectional area of Am and modulus of Em, determine the stress in
the matrix and in each fiber when the force P is applied on the specimen.
4–48. The support consists of a solid red brass C83400 post surrounded
by a 304 stainless steel tube. Before the load is applied the gap between
these two parts is 1 mm. Determine the greatest axial load that can be
applied to the rigid cap A without causing yielding of any one of the
materials.
4–52. Two identical rods AB and CD each have a length L and diameter d,
and are used to support the rigid beam, which is pinned at E. If a vertical
force P is applied to the beam, determine the angle of rotation of the
beam. The rods are made of material that has a modulus of elasticity of E.
4–56. The rigid bar is supported by the two short white spruce wooden
posts and a spring. If each of the posts has an unloaded length of 1 m and
a cross-sectional area of 600 mm2 , and the spring has a stiffness of k = 2
MN/m and an unstretched length of 1.02 m, determine the force in each
post after the load is applied to the bar.
4–60. The A-36 steel wires AB and AD each have a diameter of 2 mm and
the unloaded lengths of each wire are LAC = 1.60 m and L L AB = = AD
2.00 m. Determine the required diameter of wire AC so that each wire is
subjected to the same force when the 150-kg mass is suspended from the
ring at A.
4–64. The horizontal beam is assumed to be rigid and supports the
distributed load shown. Determine the angle of tilt of the beam after the
load is applied. Each support consists of a wooden post having a diameter
of 120 mm and an unloaded
(original) length of 1.40 [Link] Ew = 12 GPa.
4–68. The C83400-red-brass rod AB and 2014-T6-aluminum rod BC are
joined at the collar B and fixed connected at their ends. If there is no load
in the members when T1 = ° 10 C, determine the average normal stress
in each member when T2 = ° 45 C. Also, how far will the collar be
displaced? The crosssectional area of each member is 1130 mm2 .
4–72. The bronze C86100 pipe has an inner radius of 12.5 mm and a wall
thickness of 5 mm. If the gas flowing through it changes the temperature
of the pipe uniformly from TA = 60°C at A to TB = 15°C at B, determine
the axial force it exerts on the walls. The pipe was fitted between the
walls when T = 15°C.
4–76. When the temperature is at 30°C, the A-36 steel pipe fits snugly
between the two fuel tanks. When fuel flows through the pipe, the
temperatures at ends A and B rise to 130°C and 80°C, respectively. If the
temperature drop along the pipe is linear, determine the average normal
stress developed in the pipe. Assume the walls of each tank act as a
spring, each having a stiffness of k = 900 MN/m.
4–80. When the temperature is 30°C, the A-36 steel pipe fits snugly
between the two fuel tanks. When fuel flows through the pipe, the
temperatures at ends A and B rise to 130°C and 80°C, respectively. If the
temperature drop along the pipe is linear, determine the average normal
stress developed in the pipe. Assume each tank provides a rigid support
at A and B.
4–84. The metal strap has a thickness t and width w and is subjected to a
temperature gradient T1 to T2 (T1 < T2). This causes the modulus of
elasticity for the material to vary linearly from E1 at the top to a smaller
amount E2 at the bottom. As a result, for any vertical position y,
measured from the top surface, E = [(E2 – E1)/w]y + E1. Determine the
position d where the axial force P must be applied so that the bar
stretches uniformly over its cross section.
.