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Employee Performance Appraisal Analysis

The document presents data from a study involving 60 respondents, focusing on demographics, performance appraisal, incentives, and training. Key findings indicate that while performance appraisal is acknowledged, there are doubts about merit-based promotions, and timely salary payments are crucial for motivation. Additionally, training is widely recognized for enhancing skills, productivity, and organizational efficiency.

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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
11 views8 pages

Employee Performance Appraisal Analysis

The document presents data from a study involving 60 respondents, focusing on demographics, performance appraisal, incentives, and training. Key findings indicate that while performance appraisal is acknowledged, there are doubts about merit-based promotions, and timely salary payments are crucial for motivation. Additionally, training is widely recognized for enhancing skills, productivity, and organizational efficiency.

Uploaded by

Tahir Designs
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

CHAPTER FOUR

DATA PRESENTATION AND ANALYSIS

4.1 Introduction

Based on the sample size of 60 respondents the following presentation and analyses were

made.

4.2 Demographic Data Presentation

Table 1: Demographic Characteristics of Respondents

Variable Category Frequency Percentage (%)

Gender Male 35 58.3%

Female 25 41.7%

Educational Qualification SSCE 10 16.7%

ND/NCE 15 25.0%

BSC/HND 20 33.3%

[Link]/PGD/PhD 15 25.0%

Age 18-25 18 30.0%

26-32 25 41.7%

33 and above 17 28.3%

Rank/Position Senior Officer 12 20.0%

Middle Range
25 41.7%
Officer

Junior Officer 23 38.3%


Item 1 Base on the above table it is deduced that 35(58%) respondents are male while

25(41.7) respondents were female respondents.

Item 2 shows educational qualification, 10(16.7%) respondents were SSCE holders,

15(25.0%) were NCE/ND holders, 20(33.3%) respondents were BSC/HND holders while

15(25.0%) are [Link] /PGD/PhD holders.

Item 3 shows age distribution of the respondents, 18 respondents falls within the age 18-25

years, 25(41.7%) respondents falls within 26-32 years of age, 17(28.3%) are between 33 and

above years.

Item 4 shows the rank position of the respondents, 12(20.0%) were senior staff, 25(41.7) were

middle range officer, while 23 (38.3) were junior staff.

4.3 Data presentation, Hypothesis Testing (Frequency & Percentage Distribution)

Table 2: H₀ – Lack of incentive and promotion leads to poor performance appraisal of

employees

S/N Question SA A SD D

Performance appraisal exists in 25 20 10


1 5 (8.3%)
FRSC. (41.7%) (33.3%) (16.7%)

Relationship between appraisal, 30 15 8 7


2
incentives, and performance. (50.0%) (25.0%) (13.3%) (11.7%)

Money is used as an incentive in 20 25 10


3 5 (8.3%)
FRSC. (33.3%) (41.7%) (16.7%)
S/N Question SA A SD D

Promotion is based on performance 15 22 15 8


4
appraisal and merit. (25.0%) (36.7%) (25.0%) (13.3%)

Employees are Motivated by 28 20 7


5 5 (8.3%)
performance and promotion. (46.7%) (33.3%) (11.7%)

Table 2 shows that 25 (41.7%) strongly agreed that Performance appraisal exists in FRSC, 20

(33.3%) agreed, 10 (16.7%) disagreed and 5 (8.3%) disagreed.

Item 2: 30 (50.0%) strongly agreed that Relationship between appraisal, incentives, and

performance, 15 (25.0%) agreed, 8 (13.3%) strongly disagreed and 7 (11.7%) disagreed.

Item 3: 20 (33.3%) strongly agreed that Money is used as an incentive in FRSC, 25 (41.7%)

agreed, 10 (16.7%) strongly disagreed and 5 (8.3%) disagreed.

Item 4: 15 (25.0%) strongly agreed that, Promotion is based on performance appraisal and merit,

22 (36.7%) agreed, 15 (25.0%) strongly disagreed, 8 (13.3%) disagreed.

Item 5: 28 (46.7%) strongly agreed that Employees are Motivated by performance and

promotion, 20 (33.3%) agreed, 7 (11.7%) strongly disagreed and 5 (8.3%) disagreed. This shows

that there is a relationship between appraisal, incentives, and performance.

Table 3: H₀ – Prompt payment of salary improves performance


S/N Question SA A SD D

Motivated by monthly salary to 35 15


1. 5 (8.3%) 5 (8.3%)
perform better. (58.3%) (25.0%)
S/N Question SA A SD D

Need additional training to perform 30 20


2. 5 (8.3%) 5 (8.3%)
better. (50.0%) (33.3%)

Motivated by prompt rewards and 25 20 10


3. 5 (8.3%)
benefits. (41.7%) (33.3%) (16.7%)

18 22 12 8
4. Money is given for special duties.
(30.0%) (36.7%) (20.0%) (13.3%)

Delay in retirement benefits 40 12


5. 5 (8.3%) 3 (5.0%)
demotivates employees. (66.7%) (20.0%)

Table 3: Item 1 shows that, 35 (58.3%) strongly agreed that, Motivated by monthly salary to

perform better, 15 (25.0%) agreed, 5 (8.3%) strongly disagreed, 5 (8.3%) disagreed.

Item 2 shows that 30 (50.0%) strongly agreed that, Need additional training to perform better, 20

(33.3%) agreed, 5 (8.3%) strongly disagreed, 5 (8.3%) disagreed.

Item 3 shows that, 25 (41.7%) strongly agreed that employees are motivated by prompt rewards

and benefits, 20 (33.3%) agreed, 10 (16.7%) strongly disagreed and 5 (8.3%) disagreed.

Item 4 shows that, 18 (30.0%) strongly agreed that, Money is given for special duties, 22

(36.7%) agreed, 12 (20.0%) strongly disagreed and 8 (13.3%) disagreed.

Item 5 shows that, 40 (66.7%) strongly agreed that, Delay in retirement benefits demotivates

employees, 12 (20.0%) agreed, 5 (8.3%) strongly disagreed and 3 (5.0%) disagreed.

Table 4: H₀ – Employee training enhances organizational performance


S/N Question SA A SD D

Training eases task accomplishment 32 18 6 4


1.
and motivates. (53.3%) (30.0%) (10.0%) (6.7%)
S/N Question SA A SD D

38 15 2
2 Training increases productivity. 5 (8.3%)
(63.3%) (25.0%) (3.3%)

Training exposes employees to new 35 20 2


3 3 (5.0%)
skills. (58.3%) (33.3%) (3.3%)

Training increases organizational 30 22 3


4 5 (8.3%)
efficiency. (50.0%) (36.7%) (5.0%)

28 25 2
5 Training improves employee morale. 5 (8.3%)
(46.7%) (41.7%) (3.3%)

Table 4 item 1 shows that, 32 (53.3%) strongly agreed that, Training eases task accomplishment

and motivates, 18 (30.0%) agreed, 6 (10.0%) strongly disagreed and 4 (6.7%) disagreed.

Item 2 shows that, 38 (63.3%) strongly agreed that, Training increases productivity, 15 (25.0%)

agreed, 5 (8.3%) strongly disagreed and 2 (3.3%) disagreed.

Item 3 shows that, 35 (58.3%) strongly agreed that, Training exposes employees to new skills, 20

(33.3%) agreed, 3 (5.0%) strongly disagreed and 2 (3.3%) disagreed.

Item 4: shows that, 30 (50.0%)strongly agreed that, Training increases organizational efficiency,

22 (36.7%) agreed, 5 (8.3%) strongly disagreed, 3 (5.0%) disagreed.

Item 5 shows that, 28 (46.7%) strongly agreed that, Training improves employee morale, 25

(41.7%) agreed, 5 (8.3%) strongly disagreed, 2 (3.3%) disagreed.

4.2 Summary of findings

Most respondents acknowledge performance appraisal but doubt merit-based promotions.

Monetary incentives are recognized but may not be sufficient. Timely salary is a strong
motivator, but delays in retirement benefits are demoralizing. Strong consensus that training

improves skills, productivity, and efficiency.

4.3 Discussion

H. A. Alsemeri (2016) contends that job satisfaction always gives a positive influence to

employees in retaining with the organization. Ostracker (1999) shows the employees’ job

satisfaction and retention always considered as a cornerstone in the success and growth of the

organization. Recent study outlined by Frey (1997); Weibel et al. (2007) suggested that the

performance of workers and the job satisfaction effects the employee retention.

This finding is consistent to earlier literature Hussain and Rehman (2013) have found the

significant relationship among reward system and the retention of employees within the

organization. In a study of Hong and Kaur, (2008) it is concluded that there is a significant

correlation between the reward system and employee retention on longer basis. Further Crawl in,

(1997); Foley (2008) test the hypothesis comprising of reward system and its impact on the

employee retention and the results was significant. This finding is consistent to earlier literature.

Recent study outlined by Bagga (2013) concluded that there is a strong affect of career

development on employee retention. Hay (2001) also found there is a significant relationship

exists among career development and employee retention. Furthermore Megank, (2007) defined

that Career development positively affects the employee retention. According to (Boudreau &

Boswell (2002); Heywood, John S. Brown & Michelle (2005) the rating system significantly

affects the employee retention. Khan, M. Shaid, Wahab and Ali (2013) asserts that it has been

observed that there is a significant relationship among rating system in performance appraisal

and employee retention. As Boudreau & Boswell (2002); Heywood, John S.


Brown & Michelle (2005) already identified the significant impact of performance rating system

and employee retention. (2000); Williams and Levy (2004) also found the significant effect of

performance rating on employee retention.

H. A. Alsemeri (2016) shows the positive relationship exists among empowerment and employee

retention. Corsun & Enz, (1999); Yoho, (2005) also found that the empowerment has significant

impact on employee retention. Bowen and Lawler, (1992); Spreitzer, (2007) asserted that the

empowerment positively effects the employee retention. This finding is consistent to earlier

literature. The famous researchers Rfikul, Rasad, Shuib bin Mohd, Honolulu, Hawaii and Islam,

(2005) found that there is a positive relationship between feedback and employee retention.

Camardella (2003) concluded that there is a partial correlation among feedback and employee

retention. Furthermore Levy and Williams, (2004) showed that there is a strong relationship

between feedback and employee retention. Recent study outlined by Mehta and Dhankar, (2014)

found that the performance appraisal has the strong relationship with the employee retention.

Saeed, Lodhi, Naeem, Rehman, Mahmood and Ahmed (2013) mentions that performance

appraisal has a significant impact on employee retention. Grote (2002) state that performance

appraisal is a strong predicator of employee retention.

Common questions

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The study implies that while monetary incentives play a role in enhancing motivation, they may not be wholly sufficient for retention. 41.7% agreed that money is used as an incentive, highlighting its importance in motivation . However, delays in financial benefits like retirement severely demotivate employees, suggesting that while monetary incentives are effective in the short term, they should be part of a broader strategy including timely fulfillment of financial obligations . This suggests that while monetary incentives are crucial, they must be coupled with timely delivery and other motivational factors such as career development and supportive work environments for sustained retention.

The study reveals a noticeable relationship between performance appraisal, incentives, and employee motivation. 50% of respondents strongly agreed there is a connection between appraisal and performance, supported by 25% who agreed . Incentives such as money and promotions appear to be significant motivators; 41.7% agreed that money is used as an incentive, while 36.7% agreed that promotions are based on merit . This aligns with broader perspectives that timely salaries and proper appraisals improve motivation, whereas delays in benefits create demotivation . Overall, the interplay between these elements suggests that appraisals and incentives are crucial for maintaining motivation and performance.

Training is identified as a critical enhancer of organizational performance. 53.3% of respondents strongly agreed that training eases task accomplishment and motivates employees, while 63.3% agreed that it increases productivity . Additionally, 58.3% strongly agreed that training exposes employees to new skills, thereby increasing efficiency and boosting employee morale . The study emphasizes that training helps employees perform better due to enhanced skills and job satisfaction, aligning with research showing its essential role in organizational growth and employee retention . This highlights training's dual impact in improving both individual capabilities and broader organizational efficiency.

The study suggests that delays in retirement benefits significantly demotivate employees, negatively impacting their performance. 66.7% of respondents strongly agreed that such delays lead to demotivation, reflecting a widespread acknowledgment of the issue . This sentiment underscores broader research indicating the critical role of timely financial benefits in maintaining employee motivation and performance . The findings highlight that while timely salaries are motivating, delays in retirement have a pronounced adverse effect on employee motivation, potentially diminishing their overall work performance and engagement.

Performance appraisals contribute to perceptions of fairness and meritocracy, but with some skepticism. While 41.7% of respondents strongly agreed that performance appraisals exist, only a smaller percentage felt that promotions were fully merit-based . This gap suggests perceived inaccuracies or biases in the appraisal process are affecting fairness perceptions. The study reveals that while appraisals are recognized, their execution in terms of fairness and meritocracy remains questionable for many employees, echoing broader concerns that appraisals need to be transparent and just to enhance perceived organizational fairness . This indicates room for improvement in aligning appraisal practices with meritocratic values.

The data indicates that the reward system and performance appraisals significantly affect employee retention. There is a consensus that proper rewards and timely appraisals foster retention, aligning with findings that emphasize the positive correlation between these factors . For instance, 41.7% of respondents agree that money is a motivating incentive and 66.7% strongly agree that delay in retirement benefits is demotivating . This suggests the importance of financial and career development incentives in retaining employees. The study consolidates previous literature establishing a consistent relationship between effective performance management systems and sustained employee retention.

Feedback mechanisms are shown to significantly influence employee retention, as indicated by the study's findings. Effective feedback is linked to increased job satisfaction and employee engagement, contributing to greater retention rates. The study echoes the outcomes outlined by researchers such as Levy and Williams, showing strong relationships between feedback systems and retention . Feedback ensures clear communication of expectations and recognition, vital for maintaining morale and motivation. Consequently, the study suggests that sound feedback systems within performance appraisals bolster retention by making employees feel valued and understood.

Career development is crucial for employee retention, as it provides growth opportunities that encourage long-term commitment. The study corroborates findings by Bagga (2013) and others, indicating a strong effect of career advancement on retaining employees . Career development positively influences retention by making employees feel valued and offering them opportunities to advance. This aligns with existing literature such as that by Hay (2001) and Megank (2007), which reinforces the significance of development in sustaining workforce engagement . The study suggests that effective career progression strategies are fundamental for organizations aiming to reduce turnover and enhance loyalty.

The study included 60 respondents with the following demographic characteristics: 58.3% were male and 41.7% were female, suggesting a gender balance that might influence perceptions of performance appraisal and incentives . Educational qualification varied with 16.7% holding SSCE, 25% holding ND/NCE, 33.3% holding BSC/HND, and 25% holding M.Sc/PGD/PhD, indicating a diverse educational background that could affect the complexity of training needs and understanding of performance systems . The age distribution showed 30% aged 18-25, 41.7% aged 26-32, and 28.3% aged 33 and above, which might influence motivation and career aspirations . Rank distribution showed 20% as senior officers, 41.7% as middle range officers, and 38.3% as junior officers, affecting the overall experience with promotions and appraisals . These demographic factors highlight a cross-section of the organization that could influence responses to performance appraisal and retention factors.

The study underscores the significant effect of employee empowerment on retention, aligning with existing literature. Empowerment is shown to positively influence retention by enhancing job satisfaction and commitment. The study refers to findings by Alsemeri (2016) and others, which confirm that empowerment fosters a sense of autonomy and responsibility, crucial for retaining talent . Furthermore, previous research by Bowen and Lawler, and Spreitzer, asserts that empowerment as a strategic tool significantly boosts retention by improving job satisfaction . The study reaffirms these conclusions, highlighting empowerment as a key factor in successful employee retention strategies.

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