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Ionic and Covalent Compounds Assignment

The document contains a series of chemistry assignments focusing on ionic and covalent compounds, electronic structures, and periodic table concepts. It includes both conventional and objective type questions, covering topics such as atomic number, Lewis dot structures, and the properties of various elements and compounds. Additionally, it features fill-in-the-blank and true/false statements related to chemical bonding and periodic trends.

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19 views8 pages

Ionic and Covalent Compounds Assignment

The document contains a series of chemistry assignments focusing on ionic and covalent compounds, electronic structures, and periodic table concepts. It includes both conventional and objective type questions, covering topics such as atomic number, Lewis dot structures, and the properties of various elements and compounds. Additionally, it features fill-in-the-blank and true/false statements related to chemical bonding and periodic trends.

Uploaded by

pshatakshi
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

ASSIGNMENT 2

A. CONVENTIONAL TYPE OF QUESTIONS

2. A.1. Indicate whether the following pairs of elements form ionic or covalent
compounds and write down the molecular formulae of the compounds formed.
(i) Sodium and chlorine
(ii) carbon and sulphur
(iii) sulphur and oxygen
(iv) calcium and hydrogen

2. A.2. Write down the electronic structures of the following compounds:


(i) acetylene (ii) phosphorus trichloride
(ii) sodium sulphide (iv) carbon dioxide

2. A.3. Noble gases do not generally form compounds. Explain.

2. A.4. Give the electronic configuration of elements with atomic numbers 13 and 20
and on the basis of electronic configuration indicate the group of the Periodic
Table to which each element belongs.

2. A.5. Give the Lewis dot structures for


(a) CCl4 (ii) N2
(c) SO2 (d) SnCl4 (covalent)

2. A.6. Explain the term atomic number. What is its significance in the classification of
elements?

2. A.7. Arrange the following:

(i) I, Cl, Br (increasing order of atomic radius


(ii) Fe, Pb, Al (increasing density)

2. A.8. What are the advantages of Mendeleev’s Periods Table?

R. OBJECTIVE TYPE OF QUESTIONS

2. [Link] the correct answer for each of the following:

(i) The substance which contains both ionic and covalent bonds is
(a) CH4 (b) H2 (c) KCl (d) NH4Cl

(ii) The element A is strongly electropositive and B is strongly


electronegative. Both are univalent. The compound formed would be
(a) A+B (b) A-B+ (c) A – B (d) a B
(iii) The number of valency electrons in carbon atom is
(a) 0 (b) 2 (c) 4 (d) 6

(iv) Which of the following substances is covalent?


(a) NaCl (b) MgO (c) KBr (d) Br2

(v) The total number of electrons that take part in forming the bond in N2 is
(a) 2 (b) 6 (c) 4 (d) 10

(vi) The octet rule is not valid for


(a) CO2 (b) H2O (c) CO (d) CS2

(vii) Electrovalent compounds always possess

(a) Ions held together by electrostatic forces


(b) Low melting point
(c) Atoms held together by covalent bonds
(d) Molecules as their structure unit

(viii) The types of bonds present in ammonium chloride are


(a) only ionic (b) only covalent
(c) covalent and co-ordinate (d) ionic, covalent and co-ordinate
(ix) When a pair of electrons from the same atom is shared between two
atoms, the bond formed is
(a) single covalent bond (b) double bond
(c) co-ordinate bond (d) triple bond

(x) Select the type of chemical bonding present in water.


(a) Ionic (b) Polar Covalent
(c) Non-Polar Covalent (d) Co-ordinate Covalent

(xi) Maximum number of bonds between two atoms of a covalent compound


can be
(a) one (b) two (c) three (d) four

(xii) Which of the following oxides is isoelectronic with CO2?


(a) NO (b) N2O3 (c) NO2 (d) N2O

2. [Link] in the blanks suitably:

(a) The ionic bond is formed by electrostatic attraction between …………


and ……..… .
(b) Atoms of non-metals unite by …………. Electrons.
(c) Two atoms of similar electronegativity are expected to form ……………
compound.
(d) Covalency of oxygen is…………….. .
(e) …………. Of electrons results in the formation of a covalent bond.
(f) The boiling and melting points of covalent compounds are always.……..
than those of electrovalent compounds.

2. [Link] whether the following statements are true or false:

(a) In covalent compounds, the hydrogen atom has the electronic


configuration similar to that of neon.
(b) CO2 and N2 are isoelectronic.
(c) When two elements combine to form a compound, there occurs a re-
arrangement of their valence electrons.
(d) Covalent bond is a directed bond.
(e) The most electronegative element in the periodic table is sodium.
(f) Valency is a periodic property.
(g) The group number of an element in the periodic table refers to its
atomicity.
(h) When two dissimilar atoms combine to form a compound, the covalent
bond formed is polar.

ADDITIONAL ASSIGNMENT

I. Choose the correct answer.


1. Na+ is isoelectronic with
(a) NO (b) Ne (c) N2 (d) Cl-

2. The number of moles in 22 g of carbon dioxide is


(a) 1 (b) 0.75 (c) 0.5 (d) 2

3. The diameter of the nucleus of an atom is of the order

(a) (b) 10-8cm (c) 1010 cm (d)

4. Protons were discovered by


(a) Chadwick (b) Goldstein
(c) Rutherford (d) J.J. Thomson

5. The molecular formula os chromium hydroxide is


(a) Cr(OH)3 (b) Cr2(OH)3
(c) Cr3(OH)2 (d) CrOH
6. The percentage of calcium carbonate is
(a) 48% (b) 40% (c) 12% (d) 16%

7. The electronic configuration of three atoms are 6Cl14 , 7N15 , 9F17. They are
(a) isotopes (b) isobars (c) isotones (d) isomers

8. The element with atomic number 19 will have the distribution of electrons
in the outer shells as
(a) 2, 8, 9 (b) 2, 8, 7, 2
(c) 2, 7, 8, 2 (d) 2, 8, 8, 1

9. Pick out the pair of elements having 8 electrons in the outermost orbits of
their atoms.
(a) H and O (b) Ne and Ar
(c) C and N (d) S and O

10. Molecular weight of ferrous ammonium sulphate [FeSO 4 (NH4)2SO4 6


H2O] is
(a) 300 (b) 292 (c) 350 (d) 392
11. A double bond is present in ….……… molecule.
(a) hydrogen (b) oxygen (c) nitrogen (d) chlorine

12. There are …………… periods and ……………. Groups in Mendeleev’s


Periodic Table.
(a) 7, 7 (b) 9,8 (c) 7, 9 (d) 9, 7

13. The Law of Octaves was put forward by


(a) Dalton (b) 9, 8 (c) Dobereiner (d) Newlands

14. Which of the following is a metalloid?


(a) Au (b) Ag (c) As (d) Pb

15. Which of the following will not conduct electricity in aqueous solution?
(a) sodium chloride (d) magnesium chloride
(c) carbon tetrachloride (d) aluminium chloride

16. Which of the following pairs are isoelectronic?


(a) O2 and CO2 (b) N2 and CO
(c) O2 and CO (d) N2 and CO2

17. The number of molecules in 18 grams of water is the same as the


number of molecules in
(a) 18 grams of oxygen (b) 16 grams of oxygen
(c) 32 grams of oxygen (d) grams of nitrogen
18. The compound which ionic, covalent and coordinates bonds are present
is
(a) sodium bromide (b) magnesium oxide
(c) iron sulphide (d) ammonium jodide

19. Which of the following statements for element with atomic number 13 is
wrong?

(a) It is a non-metal
(b) It forms oxide of the formula M2O3
(c) It is an element of Gr III
(d) It forms M3+ cation

20. Pick out the incorrect statement

(a) Metallic character decreases along a period.


(b) Non-metallic character decreases down a group.
(c) Non-metallic property increases along a period.
(d) Metallic property decreases down a group.

21. The chloride ion (Cl-) has the electronic configuration

(a) 2, 8, 7 (b) 2, 8, 6 (c) 2, 8 (d) 2, 8, 8

22. Which of the following is not a metalloid?

(a) Arsenic (b) Aluminium


(c) Antimony (d) Bismuth

23. ……………….. is not an ionic compound.


(a) NaCl (b) BaCl2 (c) CCl4 (d) K2SO4

24. In Modern Periodic Table, elements are arranged on the basis of

(a) atomic number (b) atomic weight


(c) equivalent weight (d) molecular weight

25. The electronic configuration of X is 2, 8, 8, 1. The formula of its hydride is

(a) XH (b) XH2


(c) X2H3 (d) XH3

26. The weight of one molecule of water in grams is

(a) 18 (b) about 3 10-23


(c) 18 10-22 (d) about 3 1023

27. Which of the following compounds is covalent?


(a) H2 (b) MgO (c) NaCl (d) Na2S

28. The simplest formula of compound containing 50% of element X (At. Wt.
10) and 50% of Y (At. wt 20) is

(a) XY (b) XY2 (c) X2Y (d) X2Y3

29. Which of the following should be a whole number?

(a) Mass number (b) Molecular weight


(c) Equivalent (d) Atomic number

30. Among the following, the compound which completely ionizes in water is

(a) alchol (b) potassium chloride


(c) acetic acid (d) cane-sugar

II. Fill in the blanks suitably:

(i) Ammonium is a ………........... and ………….. radical having the symbol


NH .
(ii) The molecular formula of calcium nitride is …………… .
(iii) The number of atoms present in 1 mole of iron atom is …….. .
(iv) The mass of 0.75 gram mole of magnesium (At. Wt 24) is …………. .
(v) The electronic configuration 2, 8, 8, 2 represents the element ……….. .
(vi) The number of electrons in the penultimate orbit of an atom cannot be
more than …….. .
(vii) Isotopes differ in the number of ………… in their nuclei.
(viii) The noble gas which does not have an octet of electrons in its outer orbit
is …… .
(ix) Sodium is a good ………… agent.
(x) Down a group, the atomic radius ……….. with atomic number.
(xi) Iron exhibits valencies ……. And …………. .
(xii) Hydrogen atoms are held together in hydrogen molecule by ……… and.
(xiii) The number of elements in the second period of Mendeleev’s periodic
table is ………….. .
(xiv) d-block elements are also known as ……….. elements.
(xv) The melting point of a co-ordinate compound is relatively ……….. than
that of an ionic compound.
III. State whether the following statements are TRUE of FALSE:

(i) Atom is the smallest particle of an element which can exit free.
(ii) Neutron was discovered by Rutherford.
(iii) A molecule of sulphur is octatomic.
(iv) The mass of 1.506 1023 molecules of sulphur dioxide is 16 grams.

(v) The number of neutrons in


(vi) Fluorine is the most electropositive element in the Periodic Table.
(vii) Mendeleev’s Periodic Table was helpful in the discovery of scandium.
(viii) The electronic theory of valency was put forward by Kossel and Lewis.
(ix) p-block elements have the outermost electro-configuration

(x) The noble gases of the atmosphere are chemically inert.


(xi) The formula weight of potassium dichromate is almost the same as that
of blue crystalline copper sulphate.
(xii) The number of neutrons in phosphorus atom is not the same as that in
sulphur atom.
(xiii) An electrovalent compound is formed from neutral molecules.
(xiv) When two dissimilar atoms combine to form a compound, the covalent
bond formed is polar.
(xv) Ionic bonds are non-directional whereas covalent bonds are directional.
(xvi) Water is a good conductor of heat and electricity.
(xvii) Sodium chloride have high melting and boiling points.
(xviii) Isotopes of an element have the same electronic configuration.
(xix) Oxygen molecule contains 2 atoms of oxygen.
(xx) Helium molecule contain 1 atom of helium only.
(xxi) Bromine is metalloid.
(xxii) Ferric phosphate is represented as FePO4.
(xxiii) Ethylene contains a triple bond.
(xxiv) Potassium is a transition element.
(xxv) Molecule weight of phosphorus is 62.
(xxvi) Hydrogen can from positive and negative ions.
(xxvii) Silver can exhibit allotropy.
(xxviii) Atomic weight and molecular weight of silver are the
same (108).
(xxix) Air is a compound.
(xxx) Sea water is a mixture.

Common questions

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The statement is generally false; pure water is a poor conductor of electricity because it lacks free ions. However, water can conduct electricity in the presence of dissolved ions (like salts). Conductivity of heat is also relatively low compared to metals but higher than other covalent liquids. Therefore, it depends on the context and presence of impurities .

Na+ is isoelectronic with Ne because they share the same number of electrons. Sodium (Na) has 11 electrons, but when it loses one electron to form a Na+ ion, it has 10 electrons, which matches the electron configuration of neon (Ne), a noble gas with naturally 10 electrons .

Noble gases do not generally form compounds because they have a complete valence shell, which makes them chemically stable and largely unreactive with other elements .

The atomic number signifies the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom, determining the element's identity and properties. It is fundamental in the arrangement of elements in the Modern Periodic Table, as elements are organized in order of increasing atomic number, which helps predict element behavior and chemical bonding patterns .

Mendeleev’s Periodic Table allowed for the prediction of the properties of elements that had not yet been discovered, aiding in their eventual discovery. Mendeleev left gaps in his table to accommodate elements that would fit into the patterns of properties and similar valencies, allowing chemists to anticipate new element properties .

Ammonium chloride (NH4Cl) contains ionic, covalent, and coordinate covalent bonds. The ionic bond arises between NH4+ and Cl-. The covalent bonds exist within the NH4+ ion between nitrogen and hydrogen atoms. The coordinate covalent bond is between nitrogen and one hydrogen, where both electrons in the bond originate from nitrogen. These diverse bond types give NH4Cl unique properties like solubility in water and conductivity in solution .

The elements with atomic numbers 6 (carbon), 7 (nitrogen), and 9 (fluorine) are not isotopes, isobars, isotones, or isomers of each other. Isotopes have the same atomic number but different neutrons, isomers are different compounds with the same formula, isotones have the same number of neutrons, and isobars have the same mass number but different atomic numbers. These elements simply belong to different points in the periodic table .

Within a period, as you move from left to right, metallic character decreases and non-metallic character increases. This is due to the increasing nuclear charge, which attracts electrons more strongly, making elements more non-metallic. Down a group, metallic character increases while non-metallic character decreases, because atoms have more electron shells, making it easier to lose electrons and exhibit metallic properties .

The electronic structure of sodium sulfide (Na2S) involves Na atoms losing one electron each to form Na+ ions, and the S atom accepts these electrons to form an S2- ion. For carbon dioxide (CO2), the C atom forms double bonds with each O atom, sharing electrons, and achieving a stable electronic structure .

Isotopes of an element have identical numbers of protons but different numbers of neutrons, leading to variations in mass. While chemical properties remain largely the same due to identical electron configurations, physical properties such as density and melting point can differ. Isotopes can also exhibit different nuclear stability, affecting their abundance and applications, like in radiometric dating or medical imaging .

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