Special Moment Frame

RBS Moment Connection Design

Example

Michael D. Engelhardt
University of Texas at Austin

Objective:

Design Reduced Beam Section (RBS) moment

connection for a Special
p Moment Frame based on:
2005 AISC Seismic Provisions (AISC 341-05)
And
2005 AISC Prequalified Connections for Special and
Intermediate Steel Moment Frames for Seismic
Applications (AISC 358-05)

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 3

Description of Frame

Frame Type: Special Moment Frame (SMF)

Frame centerline dimensions: story height = 12
12′ - 00″
bay width = 30′ - 0″
Beam: W36x150 A992
Column: W14x426 A992

Floor Slab: composite slab on metal deck

with 3/4
3/4″ shear studs
Gravity load on beam, based on 1.2D + 0.5L = 0.25 kips/in
Design Typical Interior Moment Connection

2
Section Properties:

W36x150: d = 35.9” W14x426: d = 18.7”

bf = 12.0” bf = 16.7”
tf = 0.94” tf = 3.304”
tw = 0.625” tw = 1.88”
Z = 581 in3 Z = 869 in3
bf / 2tf = 6.37
6 37 bf / 2tf = 2.75
2 75
h / tw = 51.9 h / tw = 6.08

3
 Check Prequalification Limits
(Ref: AISC 358-05 – Section 5.3)

• Beam connected to column flange OK

• B
Beam R
Restrictions
t i ti
depth: W36 and shallower OK
max. weight: 300 lbs/ft OK
min. span to depth ratio: 7 OK
max flange thickness: 1
max. 1-3/4
3/4” OK
• Column Restrictions
depth: W36 or less OK

Check Flange and Web Slenderness

(Ref: AISC Seismic Provisions Table I-8-1)

Beam Flange:

Req’t:
bf E 29000 ksi
≤ 0.30 = 0.30 = 7.22
2tf Fy 50 ksi

W36 150
W36x150: bf OK
= 6.37
2tf
Note: AISC 358-05 - Sect. 5.3.1 (6) permits using a reduced
value of bf for RBS connections

4
Beam Web:
Req’t:

h E 29000 ksi
≤ 2.45 = 2.45 = 59
tw Fy 50 ksi

W36x150: OK
h
= 51.9
51 9
tw

Column Flange:

q
Req’t: bf E 29000 ksi
≤ 0.30
0 30 = 0.30
0 30 = 7.22
7 22
2tf Fy 50 ksi

bf
W14x426: = 6.08 OK
2tf

Note: column flange and web slenderness limits are less

restrictive when column-beam bending strength ratio
(strong column – weak girder ratio) is greater than 2

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5
Column Web:
Req’t:
Pu
≤ 0.125 h E ⎡ Pu ⎤
φ Py ≤ 3.14 ⎢1 − 1.54 ⎥
tw Fy ⎣⎢ φ Py ⎦⎥

Pu h E ⎡ Pu ⎤ E
> 0.125 ≤ 1.12 ⎢2.33 − ⎥ > 1.49
φ Py tw Fy ⎢⎣ φ Py ⎥⎦ Fy

E 29000 ksi
1.49 = 1.49 = 35.9
Fy 50 ksi
h
W14x426: = 6.08 OK
tw 11

Size RBS Cut

AISC 358-05 Section 5.8

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6
STEP 1: Choose Trial Dimensions of RBS Cut:

2 2
4c + b
R = radius of cut =
8c

b
f
c
a b

0 5 bf ≤ a ≤ 0
0.5 0.75
75 bf (Eq 5.8-1)

0.65 d ≤ b ≤ 0.85 d (Eq 5.8-2)

0.1 bf ≤ c ≤ 0.25 bf (Eq 5.8-3)

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STEP 1: Choose Trial Dimensions of RBS Cut:

2 2
4c + b
R = radius of cut =
8c

b
f
c
a b

0 5 bf ≤ a ≤ 0
0.5 0.75
75 bf 6" ≤ a ≤ 9" Try a = 7"

0.65 d ≤ b ≤ 0.85 d 23" ≤ b ≤ 30" Try a = 25"

0.1 bf ≤ c ≤ 0.25 bf 1.2" ≤ c ≤ 3" Try c = 2.5"

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7
STEP 2: Compute Plastic Section Modulus at Center of RBS:

bf
c c
tf

tw
d Ze = Zx − 2 c tf ( d − tf ) (Eq 5.8-4)

c c

Ze = 581in3 − 2 × 2.5" × 0.94" ( 35.9" − 0.94" ) = 417 in3

15

STEP 3: Compute Probable Maximum Moment at Center of RBS:

M pr = Cpr Ry Fy Ze (Eq 5.8-5)

Fy + Fu
Cpr = ≤ 1.2 (Eq 2.4.3-2)
2 Fy

50 + 65
Cpr = = 1.15 ( ≤ 1.2 OK )
2 × 50

Ry = 1.1 for A992 steel (AISC 341 -

Table I-6-1)

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STEP 3: Compute Probable Maximum Moment at Center of RBS:

M pr = Cpr Ry Fy Ze (Eq 5.8-5)

M pr = 1.15 ×1.1 × 50 ksi × 417 in 3

26 375 k −in
M pr = 26,375

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STEP 4: Compute Shear Force at Center of each RBS:

CL RBS CL RBS
w = uniform beam gravity load

a b b a

a+ b L' = distance between centers of RBS cuts a+ b

2 2

L = distance between column centerlines

L = 360
360"
⎛ b⎞ ⎛ 25" ⎞
L′ = L − 2 ⎜ a + ⎟ = 360" − 18.7" − 2 ⎜7" + ⎟ = 302"
⎝ 2⎠ ⎝ 2 ⎠
w = 1.2D + 0.5L = 0.25 k / in
18

9
 Free Body Diagram Between RBS Centers - Sum Moments:

2 M pr w L′ 2 M pr w L′
VRBS = + ′ =
VRBS −
L′ 2 L′ 2

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2 M pr w L′ 2 × 26375 k −in 0.25 k / in × 302"

VRBS = + = + = 212 k
L′ 2 302" 2

2 M pr w L′ 2 × 26375 k −in 0.25 k / in × 302"

VRBS = − = − = 137 k
L′ 2 302" 2

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10
 STEP 5: Compute Probable Maximum Moment at Face of Column:

Mf = M pr + VRBS Sh

(Eq 5.8-6)

b 25"
Sh = a + = 7" + = 19.5" M pr = 26375 k −in
2 2
VRBS = 212 k
21

Mf = M pr + VRBS Sh = 26375 k −in + 212 k ×19.5" = 30510 k −in

22

11
STEP 6: Compute Plastic Moment of Beam Based on Expected
Yield Stress:

M pe = Zb Ry Fy (Eq 5.8-7)

M pe = 581in 3 ×1.1 × 50 ksi = 31955 k −in

23

STEP 7: Check that Mf does not exceed φd Mpe

Mf ≤ φd M pe (Eq 5.8-8)

Mf = 30510 k −in φd M pe = 1.0 × 31955 k −in

Mf ≤ φd M pe OK

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Preliminary RBS Dimensions - OK

Use: a = 7”
b = 25”
c = 2.5”
R = 32.5”
R = 32.5”

2.5”

2.5”

7” 25”
25

STEP 8: Determine Required Shear Strength Vu of beam and

beam web-to-column connection

2 M pr
Vu = + Vgravity
L′

(Eq 5.8-9)

Vu ≅ VRBS = 212 k

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13
STEP 8: Determine Required Shear Strength Vu of beam and
beam web-to-column connection

Check Beam Shear Strength:

Req't: Vu ≤ φ Vn (2005 AISC Spec - Chapter G)

Vu = 212 k
For W36 x 150 A992: φ Vn = 318 k (13th Ed Manual -
p3-15)

Beam Shear Strength OK

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STEP 9: Design beam web-to-column connection per Section 5.6

Weld beam web to column flange

using CJP groove weld
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 Web Connection - CJP Groove weld to column
29

STEP 10: Check for Continuity Plates per Chapter 2

30

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 31

STEP 10: Check for Continuity Plates per Chapter 2

Continuity plates are not required if:

Fyb Ryb
tcf ≥ 0.4 1.8 bbf t bf
Fyc Ryc

and

bbf
tcf ≥
6

32

16
STEP 10: Check for Continuity Plates per Chapter 2

For W14 x 426 column: tcf = 3.30"

Fyb Ryb
04 1
0.4 1.8
8 bbf t bf =
Fyc Ryc tcf > 1.80" OK
50 ×1.1
0.4 1.8 × 12.0" × 0.94" = 1.80"
50 ×1.1

bbf 12.0"
12 0" tcf > 2.0" OK
= = 2.0"
6 6

Continuity Plates Not Required

33

STEP 11: Check Column Panel Zone

Ref. AISC 341-05 - Section 9.3a

REQ'T: Ru ≤ φ Rv

"Required Shear Strength Ru of the panel zone shall be

determined from the summation of the moments at the
column
l faces
f as determined
d t i db by projecting
j ti theth expected
t d
moments at the plastic hinge points to the column
faces"

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17
Compute Ru:

Vc Vc

M f' Mf
(db - t f ) (db - t )
f
M'f Mf
M f' Mf
(db - t ) (db - t )
f f

Vc Vc

Ru =
∑M f
− Vc
( d − tf )
35

Compute Ru (cont):

∑M f = Mf +Mf′

⎛ b⎞ ⎛ 25 ⎞ k − in
Mf = M pr + VRBS ⎜ a + ⎟ = 26375 + 212 ⎜7 + ⎟ = 30510
⎝ 2 ⎠ ⎝ 2 ⎠

⎛ b⎞ ⎛ 25 ⎞
Mf′ = M pr + VRBS
′ ⎜ a + ⎟ = 26375 + 137 ⎜7 + ⎟ = 29045
k − in

⎝ 2 ⎠ ⎝ 2 ⎠

∑M
k − in
f = 30510 + 29045 = 59,560

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18
 Compute Ru (cont):
Assumed Point of
Inflection
Vc

ht

Vc 
∑M f

M f' Mf
hb + ht
hb

Vc

Assumed Point of
Inflection

37

Compute Ru (cont):

Vc 
∑M =
f 59560 k −in
= 414 k
hb + ht 144"

Assumes:

• Column shear equal above and below joint

• Points of inflection at midheight of columns

38

19
Compute Ru (cont):

Ru =
∑M f
− Vc =
59560 k −in
− 414 k = 1290 k
( d − tf ) 35.9" − 0.94"

39

Compute φ Rv :
φv = 1.0 (AISC 341-05 Section 9.3)
Compute Rv per Sect J10.6 of 2005 AISC Spec.

⎡ 3bcf tcf2 ⎤
φ Rv = (1.0 ) × 0.6Fy dc t p ⎢1 + ⎥
⎣⎢ d b dc t p ⎦⎥
⎡ 3 ×16.7 × 3.034 2 ⎤
= 0.6 × 50 × 18.7 ×1.88 ⎢1 + ⎥
⎣ 35.9 ×18.7 ×1.88 ⎦
= 1440 k

40

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 Check Panel Zone Strength:

Ru ≤ φ Rv ?

1290 k < 1440 k

OK - No doubler plates req’d

41

Check Panel Zone Thickness (AISC Seismic Sect. 9.3b):

dz + w z where: t = thickness of column web or doubler plate

t≥ dz = panel zone depth between continuity plates
90
wz = panell zone width
idth between
b t column
l flanges
fl

dz = db = 35.9"
wz = dc – 2 tcf = 18.7" – 2 × 3.3.04" = 12.1"

d z + w z 35.85 ′′ + 12.1′′
= 0 53 ′′
= 0.53
90 90

t = tcw = 1.88" ≥ 0.53" OK

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STEP 12: Check Column-Beam Moment Ratio

(Ref: AISC 341-05 Sect. 9.6)

∑M *
pc
> 1.0 CL Column
∑M *
pb

Mpc*
Mpbb*
CL
Beam Mpb*
Mpc*

43

Compute ΣMpc* :

⎛ Puc ⎞
∑ pc ∑ c ⎜ yc A ⎟⎟
M *
= Z ⎜ F −
⎝ g ⎠

Assume Puc / Ag = 10 ksi

∑M *
pc = 2 × 869 in 3 ( 50 ksi − 10 ksi ) = 69520 k −in

44

22
 CL Column

Compute ΣMpb* :
CL RBS
CL
Beam

⎛d b⎞
*
M pb = MRBS + VRBS ⎜ c + a + ⎟ dc b
⎝2 2⎠ +a+
2 2

45

Compute ΣMpb* (cont):

⎛ 18.7 25 ⎞
∑M *
pb = 26375 + 212 ⎜
⎝ 2
+7 + ⎟
2 ⎠
⎛ 18.7 25 ⎞
+26375 + 137 ⎜ +7 + ⎟
⎝ 2 2 ⎠
= 62820 k −in

46

23
 ∑M *
pc
> 1.0 ?
∑M *
pb

∑M *
pc
=
69520
= 1.1
11
OK
∑M *
pb 62820

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Beam Flange to Column Flange Connection

AISC 358-05 - Section 5.5

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Welding
(Ref. AISC 341-05 Sect 7.3b)

Weld Metal - Demand Critical

E70 strength level

Minimum Charpy V-notch (CVN) toughness of

20 ft-lbs at –20oF per AWS classification test
methods and 40 ft-lbs at 70oF as determined
by Appendix X of AISC 341-05

49

Welding (cont)
(Ref. AISC 358-05 Chapter 3

• Remove weld tabs at top and bottom beam flange

groove welds
• Remove backing at bottom flange groove weld and
provide reinforcing fillet weld
• Leave top
L t flange
fl backing
b ki in-place,
i l bbutt provide
id fillet
fill t
weld between backing and face of column
• QC QA per AISC 341-05 Appendix Q

50

25
Top Flange Weld with Weld Tabs and Backing
Left In-Place
51

Top Flange Weld with Weld Tabs Removed and

Backing Welded to Column
52

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Bottom Flange Weld with Weld Tabs and
Backing Left In-Place
53

Bottom Flange Weld with Weld Tabs and

Backing Removed
54

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Beam Lateral Bracing
(Ref. AISC 341-05 Sect. 9.8)

• Lateral Bracing Requirement for SMF Beams:

E 29000 ksi
Lb ≤ 0.086 ry = 0.086 × 2.47" = 123 "
Fy 50 ksi

∴ provide lateral brace for beam bottom flange at a

distance not exceeding 123” from face of column

• Per AISC 358-05 - Section 5.3.1- No supplemental

brace required at RBS (due to presence of concrete
slab)
55

Additional Code Strength and Drift Checks

• Check frame strength for all code specified loading cases

(gravity, wind, etc).
• Check code drift limits
- Based on research, RBS cuts increase elastic story drift:
4 to 5 percent for 40 percent flange reduction;
6 to 7 p
percent for 50 p
percent flange
g reduction.
- AISC 358-05 (Section 5.8 Step 1) requires 10-percent
increase in drift for 50-percent flange cur. Linear
interpolation may be used for smaller flange cuts

56

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• Check code drift limits (cont)

Example problem:

- flange reduction = (5”/12”) x 100 = 42 %

increase in drift due to RBS
= (42/50)x 10% = 8.4 %
- compute story drift from typical elastic
structural analysis, and increase by 8.4 %

57

AISC 341-05 Section 7.4:

No Shear Studs.
No welded, bolted, screwed or shot-in attachments
for perimeter edge angles, exterior facades,
partitions duct work
partitions, work, piping or other construction.
construction
Decking arc-spot welds are permitted.

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29
 Sym m etric About
CL
B.U. bar to rem ain
Rem ove weld tabs

Weld B.U. bar to colum n

5/16

W36x150 (A992)
Plate m us t be adequate for erection loads
and to s erve as backing for CJP beam web w
Des ign of plate and connection of plate to
colum n and beam by fabricator.

5/16 After root is

cleaned and ins pected
W14x426
(A992) Rem ove B.U. bar
Rem ove weld tabs

32.5" Radius

2.5"
7"
2.5"

7" 25"

Final Connection Detail

59

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