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Basic Integration Techniques Explained

The document presents solutions to various basic integration problems, including the power rule, substitution method, trigonometric integrals, definite integrals, and integrals of rational functions. Each problem is solved step-by-step, demonstrating the application of different integration techniques. The solutions include both indefinite and definite integrals with clear explanations and final results.

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aizu50troll
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2 views2 pages

Basic Integration Techniques Explained

The document presents solutions to various basic integration problems, including the power rule, substitution method, trigonometric integrals, definite integrals, and integrals of rational functions. Each problem is solved step-by-step, demonstrating the application of different integration techniques. The solutions include both indefinite and definite integrals with clear explanations and final results.

Uploaded by

aizu50troll
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Basic Integration Problems

Problem 1: Power Rule


Evaluate the integral: Z
(3x4 − 2x2 + 5x − 1) dx

Solution:
Apply the power rule term by term:
Z Z Z Z
3 2 5
3x4 dx − 2x2 dx + 5x dx − 1 dx = x5 − x3 + x2 − x + C
5 3 2

Problem 2: Substitution Method


Evaluate the integral: Z
2
2xex dx

Solution:
Let u = x2 , then du = 2x dx. The integral becomes:
Z
2
eu du = eu + C = ex + C

Problem 3: Trigonometric Integral


Evaluate the integral: Z
sin(3x) dx

Solution:
Use the substitution u = 3x, du = 3 dx, so dx = 31 du:
Z
1 1 1
sin(u) · du = − cos(u) + C = − cos(3x) + C
3 3 3

1
Problem 4: Definite Integral
Evaluate the integral: Z 4 √
(2 x + 3) dx
1

Solution:
√
First rewrite x as x1/2 , then integrate:
Z
2 4
(2x1/2 + 3) dx = 2 · x3/2 + 3x + C = x3/2 + 3x + C
3 3
Now evaluate from 1 to 4:
       
4 3/2 4 3/2 32 4 28 55
(4) + 3(4) − (1) + 3(1) = + 12 − +3 = +9=
3 3 3 3 3 3

Problem 5: Integral of Rational Function


Evaluate the integral: Z
2x + 1
dx
x2 +x+3

Solution:
Let u = x2 + x + 3, then du = (2x + 1) dx. The integral becomes:
Z
1
du = ln |u| + C = ln |x2 + x + 3| + C
u

(Note: x2 + x + 3 > 0 for all real x, so absolute value can be omitted.)

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