UNIT 2

GRAMMAR: Comparisons of adverbs (Cấp so sánh trạng từ)

1. Adverbs : Trạng từ là loại từ bổ nghĩa cho động từ và miêu tả cách thức của một hành động diễn
ra như thế nào (How).
Eg: : - He drives carefully. (How does he drive?)
* Tương tự như với tính từ, trạng từ chia thành 2 loại: Trạng từ ngắn và trạng từ dài
1.1. Trạng từ ngắn (Short adverbs): - Là những trạng từ có một âm tiết (one syllable)
Eg: : hard, fast, late, far, early, soon …
- She runs fast.
1.2. Trạng từ dài (Long adverbs): Là những trạng từ có 2 âm tiết trở lên (two syllable).
+ Là những trạng từ có đuôi + ly:
Eg: : slowly, carefully, quickly, interestingly,…
- My father drives carefully.
II. COMPARATIVE FORM OF ADJECTIVE AND ADVERBS
1. Comparative adjectives ( So sánh hơn của tính từ )
Ta sử dụng So sánh hơn của tính từ (Comparative adjectives) để so sánh giữa 2 người (hoặc 2
vật) với nhau . Cấu trúc của câu so sánh hơn
Short Adj: S + be + adj + er + than + Noun/ Pronoun
Long Adj: S + be + more + adj + than + Noun/ Pronoun
Eg: - She is taller than her mother.
+ He is more intelligent than I (am).
2. Comparative adverbs (So sánh hơn với trạng từ):

Short Adv: S + V + adv + er + than + Noun/ Pronoun

Long Adv: S + V + more/ less + adv + than + Noun/ Pronoun
Eg:
- They work harder than I do/ me. (Họ làm việc chăm chỉ hơn tôi.)
- A horse can run faster than a buffalo. (Ngựa có thể chạy nhanh hơn trâu. )
- Mai dances more beautifully than Hoa does. ( Mai nhảy đẹp hơn Hoa.)
- My friend did the test more carefully than I did / me.
(Bạn tôi làm bài kiểm tra cẩn thận hơn tôi.)
3. Cách cấu tạo Trạng từ ngắn và Trạng từ dài.
* Tương tự như tính từ, với các trạng từ có hai hoặc nhiều âm tiết, ta thêm more trước trạng từ
cho so sánh hơn hoặc (the) most trước trạng từ cho so sánh nhất.

Trạng từ So sánh hơn So sánh nhất

carefully more carefully most carefully
slowly more slowly most slowly
quickly more quickly most quickly

* Với các trạng từ có một âm tiết, ta thêm + er với so sánh hơn hoặc + est với so sánh nhất. Nếu
trạng từ loại này tận cùng là y, bạn biến y thành i rồi sau đó thêm er hoặc est.
 Trạng từ So sánh hơn So sánh nhất
hard harder hardest
early earlier earliest
fast faster fastest
* Một số trạng từ bất qui tắc:
Trạng từ So sánh hơn So sánh nhất
well better best
badly worse worst
late later latest
little less least
much more most
far farther/ further farthest/ furthest

Exercise 1: Write the activities from the box under the correct pictures

feeding pigs , unloading rice , drying rice; ploughing a field ; catching fish
milking cows , harvesting crops, loading rice

Exercise 2 : Cho dạng so sánh hơn của các trạng từ trong bảng sau:

Trạng từ So sánh hơn Trạng từ So sánh hơn

long happily
high smartly
early fluently
late heavily
fast clearly
early carefully
much quickly
well soundly
badly beautifully
little skillfully
Exercise 3. Complete each of the sentences with a suitable word or phrase from the box.

picturesque, unloaded , cattle, fruit, crops, catching ,vast,

well - trained , surrounded, hospitable
1. We helped the farmers herd ________ .
2. They are helping their parents pick __________ in the orchard.
3. At harvest time farmers are busy cutting and collecting _________ .
4. The driver ___________ the rice from the back of the truck.
5. People here live by __________ fish from nearby lakes and ponds.
6. The lake is ____________ by a lot of trees.
7. The local people are kind and _________ to visitors.
8. Our factory needs a lot of _________ workers.
9. While travelling up the mountain, people always stop and take photos of the _____ scenery.
10. The Sahara is a _________ desert that covers parts of eleven countries in northern Africa.
Exercise 4 : Underline the correct form of the word.
1. It usually rains heavier / more heavily in my country than in yours.
2. People in the countryside work harder / more hard than those in the city.
3. Nowadays children adapt more quickly / quicklier to technical developments
than their parents.
4. I think countryside dwellers live happier / more happily than city dwellers.
5. This morning, the farmers in my village got up more early/ earlier than usual.
6. The children are playing quiet / quietly in the garden.
7. The sun is shining bright / brightly through the trees.
8. Don’t talk so fast / fastly– I can’t understand what you’re saying.
9. We all find living in the city very stressful / stressfully.
10. Cattle usually cross over the road. You should drive more careful / more carefully.
11. Life in some parts of the country is boring / more boring than that in other parts.
12. The old usually get up earlier / early than the young.
13. After a hard working day, you may sleep soundlier / more soundly than usual.
14. The bus runs frequent / more frequently than the train everyday.
15. I can’t understand. Would you ask him to speak clearlier / more clearly?
Exercise 5 : Complete the sentences with the comparative forms of the adverbs in
brackets.
1. Horses can run _________ (fast) than buffalos.
2. You made the same mistake again. You should check your paper_______ (carefully)
before handing it in.
3. All these students are good, but some work ________ ( hard) than others.
4. Girls normally become mature________ (early) than boys.
5. My sister speaks English much _______ (fluently ) than I do.
6. Every morning Nick gets up ten minutes (early) _________ than his sister.
7. I speak French (fluently) _________ now than I did last year.
8. You'll find your way around the village (easily) _________ if you have a good map.
9. It rained ( heavily) _________ today than it did yesterday.
10. If you work ( hard) _________ , you will do (well) _________ in your exam.
11. People in the city seem to react ( quickly) ____ to changes than those in the country.
12. We need to work ( hard ) _________ , especially at exam time.
13. You must finish harvesting the rice ( early) ____ this year than you did last year.
14. As they climbed ( high) _________ up the mountain, the air became cooler.
15. Life here seems to move ( slowly) _________ than in cities
Exercise 6 : Choose the correct answer (adjective or adverb) to complete the sentences.
1. Horses, mountain bikes and feet work ________ on grasslands. (good/ well)
2. Agriculture is still based on ________ methods in some countries. (traditional/ traditionally)
3. He is very ________ . He often buys things for other people. (generous/ generously)
4. The village is ________ situated in a quiet spot near the river. (beautiful/ beautifully)
5. Our house is very central, so we can ________ get to theatres and cinemas. (easy/ easily)
6. Children in the countryside play (more freely / freely) than those in the city.
7. She ________ ran down the stairs to greet her cousins. (excited/ excitedly)