Chapter – 2
Computer System
computer peripheral
* device CPU Peripheral device
Input
output
Keyboard
input
* keyboard Qwerty
keyboard key
Function key (f1-f12)
f1
Alphabet key (a-z)
text type total 26
toggle key
key on/off num lock (1st light), caps lock 2nd
light), scroll lock (3rd light) toggle key
Combination key
key key
ctrl, shift, alt key
Navigation key - key (Direction)
ex – page up, page down, arrow key, Home, End key.
Pointing device
Computer GUI (graphical user interface)
keyboard mouse device
computer screen point click pointing device
pointing device mouse, track ball, touchpad, graphic
tablet
(a) mouse
pointing device mouse
(i) (mechanical)
(ii) Optical mouse:-
(iii) Cordless mouse :- mouse
(b) touchpad/screen :- laptop mobile
touch activate Right/left click button
(c) Track point :- touchpad computer track point
keyboard
screen curser control
(d) Track ball :- mouse top ball
ball cursor position change
(e) Joy stick :- games
(f) Graphics table:- electronic special pen
(stylus) game design
(g) Scanner:- scanner machine
image scan image
OCR (optical character recognize) sheet
scan electronic computer type
pointed text digital store
OMR (optical mark reader) :- Pencil pen
OMR exam copy check
Bar code reader :- Bar code reader
code code UPC (universal product code)
machine code
value
MICR (magnetic ink character recorgnaization ) cheque
code
MIDI (musical instrument digital interface) input device
musical instrument computer
Micro phone :- mike computer
Webcame :- computer input device video
signals input
Output device :- device user
output device
(i) Printer :- print
hardcopy printer quality DPI
(dots per inch) inch area dots
printing
Printer 2
(i) impact Printer
(ii) non impact printer
(a) printer print head impact printer
printer type machine impact
printer
character printer
printer type printer speed
printer printing
quality
dot matrix, daisy wheel printer, impact printer
printer 80/132 colomn
printing
Line printer :- printer line print print
head page printer print
lines printer
drum printer :- drum line print
chain printer :- drum chain
line print
band printer :- chain band
non impact printer :- print head(ka kagaj se koi )
printer quality page printer
page input
inkjet printer :-
coloured printing printer print
head nasal
CPU
Laser printer :- printer printer
printing page print
drum
(photosensative) cover laser
drum image heat up
quality printer
Thermal printer :- printer heat up printer
printer
printing quality
Plotter :- Printer poster, flex, banner
Input/output device
device input output
(i) fax machine :- machine document digital bitmap
machine
fax machine document print
(ii) MFD (multi functional device):- device photo copy
, scanning, printing, flax
mfd
(iii) modem:- (modulation de- modulation) :- computer digital signal
analog signal signal
modem
(iv) monitor :- monitor output soft copy
monitor
Resolution :-
Monitor DOTS pixels monitor
resolution monitor resolution
monitor
resolution 768*1024 800*600
monitor size
monitor
monior
1 CRT (cathode ray tube) :- monitor
monitor picture
quality
2 flat panel monitor :- screen
(I) LCD (liquid crystal display) – screen layer
layer pixel crystal change
(II) LED (Light emmited diode) :- laptop
Led monitor light emitting diode
monitor Led monitor lcd
3 TFT (thin film transistor) :- lcd tft
tft lcd tft viewing angle
Computer memory
Memory Units :-
Bit (Binary Digit ) – 0 and 1
Nibble – 4 Bit
Byte - 8 Bit
Kilo Byte (KB)
Megabyte (MB)
1 MB = 1024 KB
Gigabyte (GB)
1 GB = 1024 MB
Terabyte (TB)
1 TB = 1024 GB
Petabyte (PB)
1 PB = 1024 TB
computer memory data information store Memory
1. cache memory
2. Primary memory / main memory
3. secondary memory
4. flash memory
5. register memory
(1) Cache memory :-
(i) memory semi conductor
(ii) memory cpu memory
(iii) memory cpu computer CPU
secondary memory data program
cache memory data program store
processing time
(iv) Cache memory memory
(2) Primary memory /main memory :- primary
memory data store
computer memory semi
conductor computer memory
data main memory
(i) RAM (random access memory)
(ii) ROM ( read only memory)
Main memory
computer memory
computer secondary memory primary memory
(i) RAM :-
read write memory
memory transistor volatile memory
data light
RAM
Ram
(I) DRAM (dynamic ram)
(II) SRAM ( static ram)
refresh SRAM, DRAM
SRAM cache memory
(ii) ROM (read only memory) :- non volatile memory
data
rom
(a) PROM (programmable rom) :- Rom
programme store permanent
(b) EPROM (erasable prom) :- rom data
UV-rays
(3) Secondary memory :- extermal memory memory non
volatile memory optical magnetic memory
backup Primary memory
speed computer
hard disk
Hard disk :-
computer secondary memory hard disk disk
platter hard disk data
random access
optical disk :- plate laser data
Compact disk (cd)
Digital versatile disk – dvd
Recuriteable - rw
Recordable - cd-r
dvd rdl – recordable double layered
cd-recordable data record rw-cd dvd
dat double layered dvd data
dvd storage capacity cd
Blue ray disk
dvd blue ray disk replace
capacity 50GB-500GB
(4) Flash memory :-
pen drive
(5) Register memory :- CPU
Speed
Pen drive :- USB (Universal serial Bus) computer
sd card (secured digital card):- multi media card data lock
Mini sd card
Micro sd card
Computer
computer Processing speed
computer digital computer
operating system
computer
1. Analog computer :- computer voltage temperature current
2. Digital computer :- computer
computer computer data
process
3. Hybrid computer :- computer digital analog
hybride computer computer logical
storage computer
computer 4
Super computer :- computer super computer 1964
cray
super computer
super computer sequocia
futisu k super computer blue
zone
main frame computer :- computer
computer
Mini computer :-
computer
computer computer data
Micro computer :- computer
computer
Desktop computer
Laptop computer
PDA (personal digital assistant)
tab, mobile phone