‘on is the ia Drogo te ational use of drugs, awell-accepted concept 1e objectives of ot element in achieving health goals o provide an e Drug Information Centre are to collect Safe and effeciee te” M4 teaching aid for health care es in providing inten **iation and to enable pharmacists and —— Semation on drugs and medicines, the departme, ae stb formation Centre”, This new concept in fy ‘at of pharmacy which is commonly referred i 2 on of pharmacy, containing large number of ee naa oPeaton is usually Tocated in a equipped with eletronic data proesing , journals, reprints and brochures. pe einaldgnormatin ees age ef 8 il Ny cmt have poste ere averting continentals, intercontinental levels haa nt hospitals, Networking on regional, ecm’ Placed Drug Information Services at a global level. eon and aete wedge. The ody of ade adr oe aE ad comsiuicate ae a rm pbamacets encompasses all aspects of ; om ung Physical analysis, bioactivity, toxicology, clinical es, market research, and eechomic and socal considerations. The drug ee reflecting all the duals who create it and use it, such as chemists, biomedical scientists, all the various health care jonals, attorneys, and patients, is vast and complex, Different kinds of publications are available in the profess journals, abstracting and indexing publications, books, compendia, monographs, patents proceedings, reviews, FDA-approved labelling (package inserts), house organs, newsleters, promotional Monture, government documents, and analysis by consulting services rug information skills coupled with the processes and technology offered by informatics are part of the ‘qlstion to mastering information overload and maintaining the knowledge system that improves patient care outcomes. 7.4 DRUG INFORMATION RETRIEVAL SYSTEMS: doadrug moves along the path from discovery to the market and into worldwide use, data and information sbout the agent are created and accumulate. When this information is published, its value and usefulness to scentifie, professional, and patient communities becomes known, Publication of research results at each step ifthe path is essential. The path of drug development and marketing offers a structure that is useful to ‘The resources themselves are classified as: primary (original research), secondary (indexing and abstracting serves), and tertiary (textbooks and evaluated information). Individual resources are now generally ‘tmalable in more than one physical format; for example, a journal may be available as a paper publication or ‘8 a dectronic publication (either individually or as part of a publisher's electronic journal collection or Content collection). Primary, secondary, and tertiary resources are available for each step in the path of drug out eportng time increases fomeath teptothenest, | Jawad Aslam Ansarir CHAPTER.7 (APPLICATION OF DRUG INFORMATION RETRIEVAL, axey A.A PRE-CLINICAL DRUG INFORMATION et At this point a compound {s recognized and then considered for potenti! pharmsceatical nt cn Ee aumes fed contebters othe data intermaion cry and contract patent status of the compound may need to be established. 12) Physical and chemical data: AIDSDRUGS, Beilstein, CAS Registry, Chemeyclopedia, ‘Chemical Abstracts, ChemID plus, Chemindex plus and The Merck Index. : b) Patents: U, 8. Patent and Trademark Office Web Patent Databases offer free WWW sey, [Link] to 2 bibliographic patent database that uses the nal current patent classification system. The Delphion Intellectual Property Network (PS) 18 reraeg, tool for patent information. 3 original r<[Link]. In terms of size, the primary tertiary literature. It is the original informationiat inzormation is modified condensed, cn, nee ete. These include Indexing ang a by ot ther He ic test cng services ersons like review articles, Evaluated Secondary Resources LiTeraTuRE: joni gathered from primary and seo, woot sion. The tertiary Iiteratue je dita, Ta and ranged in uch a manner to give ee Fach primary literature sources as research = and evaluation of data and information first is a core ts, m i ‘ i ga the tertiary is the 1 » meeting presentations, and journal articles. characteristic, # ity is the most accessible, easi is, and jour cles. ier esources. nies easiest to use, and perhaps the most used of all hes generally start with a perusal of books, reviews, and handbooks. These includ z ke = ef and linked references such a5 MICROMEDEX Systems and sttRet, 1 ADVANTAGES OF COMPUTERIZED LITERATURE sevetime, space, money {save effort, person-hours and greater efficiency, {online Computerized services offer Term Searching of Fields, Control | oaline Computerized services offer Search Commands for Word searching and Search limiting, «Online Computerized databases offer Computerized greater Precision, + Qualitatively different kinds of searches are possible, + Easier to assess quality of information found More cues: authorship, institutional affiliation, reputation, references, + Processing of search results: Sort, rank, report, export, integration with Intranet/portal, + Highly Focused information that is actionable. + They offer evidence for their claims. + Provides great reading with a wealth of knowledge, + Broadened perspective. + Most articles contained in journals include graphs, tables, images & photographs, videos, etc., which ‘help illustrate the information being portrayed. Unlike in the print copies days when you could only access information physically in libraries, ‘ademic journals online come with the option of free downloads which allow you to save material to your PC or Smartphone. journals are like encyclopedias, offering information in large quantities to scholars, There's a ide variety of databases to source information from, but it’s so much easier to access this information because all you need is a computer and internet, ic journals include real life case studies which are excellent sources of in-depth information led vocabulary and Indexes. Creating search sets, Boolean operation, re. Journals online come with several research options, which helps widen your scope. They to explore both quantitative and qualitative research, for optimum results. With both, you ‘statistical data, opinions, verbal data, ete.CHAPTER 7 (APPLICATION OF DRUG INFORMATION RETRIEVAL axep’ 7.3 USE OF ComPuTERIZED RETRIEVAL 2 ‘Today computers provide us with powerful tools for drug information handling - for collection, Classification, retrieval and distribution. Computers have been used since the late 19608 for the ‘Storage large databases such as library catalogues and bibliographic references. Development of optical storage ree such as CD-ROM has given us the possibility of storing large quantities of text, graphics, pictures, and som at a low cost. These new optical memories can function as distributed stores for encyclopedias, databay ‘books ete. This has stimulated the development of local information systems. ‘These three aspects of computerized information retrieval: * Library catalogues. + Online: + Databases on CD-ROM. Ja ‘TYPES OF DATABASES ‘There are a number of types of databases: Library catalogues - catalogues covering the holdings (books, reports, journals confereac proceedings, etc.) of one or more library. | Bibliographic databases containing bibliographic references, with or wnthout abstracts. | Reference databases, for example, current research projects, handbooks, encyclopedias, product ippliers, etc. | . Paced ai kc oe det a cc ctteae=n in numerical form, which can be used directly, e.g,, chemical structures, tables, terminology. Full-text databases which contain the complete version of the text of given publications. introduced during the late 1960 f OPAC, has gradually become more commands. Access for users is now often in the form ofa Web _Cuarrer which the Talo OF Dg %, Gaiversiy libraries ona coma Serves Gay INFORMATION RETRIEVAL AND STORAGE) eww interfaces have been Seige tes rable intersted I oore-e) tale aageta fs . eo a nn ayatis dog literature? DIScus the 2 ‘Primary Literature ‘Stove of here pp. Secondary Literature ¢. Tertiary Literature what are the advantages of computerized It : 1, What is use of computerized retrieval? Discuss é 5 ‘he types of databases and how databases can be