Mathematics

NCERT QUESTIONS WITH SOLUTIONS

EXERCISE : 11.1 3. Cadets are marching in a parade. There
1. Find the rule, which gives the number of are 5 cadets in a row. What is the rule,
matchsticks required to make the which gives the number of cadets, given
following matchstick patterns. Use a the number of rows? (Use n for number of
variable to write the rule. rows.)
(a) A pattern of letter T as
Sol. Number of rows = n
(b) A pattern of letter Z as
Cadets in each row = 5
(c) A pattern of letter U as
Therefore, total number of cadets = 5n
(d) A pattern of letter V as
4. If there are 50 mangoes in a box, how will
(e) A pattern of letter E as
you write the total number of mangoes in
(f) A pattern of letter S as
terms of the number of boxes? (Use b for
(g) A pattern of letter A as
the number of boxes.)
Sol. (a) Pattern of letter = 2n (as two
Sol. Number of boxes = b
matchsticks used in each letter)
Number of mangoes in each box = 50
(b) Pattern of letter = 3n (as three
Therefore, total number of mangoes
matchsticks used in each letter)
= 50b
(c) Pattern of letter = 2n+1 (as three
5. The teacher distributes 5 pencils per
matchsticks used in each letter)
student. Can you tell how many pencils
(d) Pattern of letter = 2n (as two
are needed, given the number of
matchsticks used in each letter)
students? (Use s for the number of
(e) Pattern of letter = 5n (as five
students.)
matchsticks used in each letter)
Sol. Number of students = s
(f) Pattern of letter = 5n (as five
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Number of pencils to each student = 5

matchsticks used in each letter)
Therefore, total number of pencils needed
(g) Pattern of letter = 2+4n (as six
= 5s
matchsticks used in each letter)
6. A bird flies 1 kilometre in one minute. Can
2. We already know the rule of the pattern
you express the distance covered by the
of letters L, C and F. Some of the letters
from Q.1 (given above) given us the same bird in terms of its flying time in minutes?

rule as that given by L. Which are these? (Use t for flying time in minutes)

Why does this happen? Sol. Time taken by bird = t minutes

Sol. The letter "T" and "V" that has pattern 2n, Speed of bird = 1 km per minute
since 2 matchsticks are used in all these Therefore, Distance covered by bird
letters. = speed × time = 1 × t = t km
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NCERT Basics : Class 6
7. Radha is drawing a dot Rangoli (a Sol. Number of oranges in one box = x
beautiful pattern of lines joining dots) Number of boxes = 2
with chalk powder. She has 9 dots in a Therefore, total number of oranges in
row. How many dots will her Rangoli have
boxes = 2x
for r rows ?
Remaining oranges = 10
How many dots are there if there are 8
rows? If there are 10 rows? Thus, number of oranges = 2x + 10
Sol. Number of dots in each row = 9 dots 11. (a) Look at the following matchstick
Number of rows = r pattern of squares figure. The squares
Therefore, number of dots = 9r are not separate. Two neighbouring
When there are 8 rows, then number of
squares have a common matchstick.
dots = 9 × 8 = 72 dots
Observe the patterns and find the rule
When there are 10 rows, then number of
dots = 9 × 10 = 90 dots that gives the number of matchsticks
8. Leela is Radha's younger sister. Leela is 4 in terms of the number of squares.
years younger than Radha. Can you write (Hint : If you remove the vertical stick
Leela's age in terms of Radha's age? Take at the end you will get a pattern of Cs.)
Radha's age to be x years.
(i) (ii)
Sol. Radha's age = x years
Therefore, Leela's = (x – 4) years (iii) (iv) …..
9. Mother has made laddus. She gives some (b) Figure gives a matchstick pattern of
laddus to guests and family members; still triangles. As in question 11 (a) above,
5 laddus remain. If the number of laddus
find the general rule that gives the
mother gave away is , how many laddus
number of matchsticks in terms of the
did she make? number of triangles.
Sol. Number of laddus gave away = 
(i) (ii)
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Number of laddus remaining = 5
Total number of laddus = (+ 5) (iii) (iv)
10. Oranges are to be transferred from larger
Sol. (a) (i) 4 matchsticks
boxes into smaller boxes. When large box
is emptied, the oranges from it fill two (ii) 7 matchsticks
smaller boxes and still 10 oranges remain (iii) 10 matchsticks
outside. If the number
(iv) 13 matchsticks
of oranges in a small
box are taken to be x, If we remove 1 from each then they
what is the number of make table of 3, i.e., 3, 6, 9, 12 …… So,
oranges in the largest the required equation = 3x + 1. Where
box? x is number of squares.
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(b) (i) Sol. Length of one edge of cube = 
3 matchsticks
(ii) Number of edges in a cube = 12
5 matchsticks
(iii) Therefore, total length = 12 ×  = 12
7 matchsticks
4. The diameter of a circle is a line which
(iv)
9 matchsticks joins two points on the circle and also
If we remove 1 from each then they passes through the centre of the circle. (in
make table of 2, i.e., 2, 4, 6, 8 …. So, the the adjoining figure). AB is a diameter of
required equation = 2x + 1, where x is the circle; C is its centre.) Express the
number of triangles. diameter of the circle (d) in terms of its
Deleted Exercise radius (r).
1. The side of an equilateral triangle is A
shown by . Express the perimeter of the r P
C
equilateral triangle using .
Sol. Side of an equilateral triangle = B
Therefore, Perimeter of an equilateral Sol. Since, length of diameter is double the
triangle = 3 × side = 3 length of radius.
2. The side of a regular hexagon figure is denoted Therefore, d = 2r
by . Express the perimeter of the hexagon 5. To find sum of three numbers 14, 27 and
using . 13, we can have two ways
(a) We may first add 14 and 27 to get 41

and then add 13 to it to get the total
 
sum 54,
 or

(b) We may add 27 and 13 to get 40 and

then add 14 to get the sum 54.
(Hint : A regular hexagon has all its six Thus, (14 + 27) + 13 = 14 + (27 + 13)
sides equal in length.) This can be done for any three
Sol. Side of hexagon = numbers. This property is known as
Therefore, Perimeter of Hexagon the associativity of addition of
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= 6 × side = 6 numbers. Express this property which

3. A cube is a three-dimensional figure as we have already studied in the chapter
shown in figure. It has six faces and all of on Whole Numbers, in a general way,
them are identical squares. The length of by using variables a, b and c.
an edge of the cube is given by . Find the Sol. (a + b) + c = a + (b + c)
formula for the total length of the edges of Deleted Exercise
a cube. 1. Make up as many expressions with
number (no variables) as you can from
three numbers 5, 7 and 8. Every number
should be used not more than once. Use

only addition, subtraction and

multiplication.


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NCERT Basics : Class 6
Sol. (a) (8 × 5) – 7 (b) (8 + 5) – 7 (d) p divided by 7
(c) (8 × 7) – 5 (d) (8 + 7) – 5 (e) 7 subtracted from –m
(e) 5 × (7 + 8) (f) 5 + (7 + 8) (f) –p multiplied by 5
(g) 5 + (8 – 7) (h) 5 – (7 + 8) (g) –p divided by 5
2. Which out of the following are
(h) p multiplied by –5
expressions with numbers only?
Sol. (a) p + 7 (b) p – 7 (c) 7p (d) p/7
(a) y + 3 (b) (7 × 20) – 8z
−p
(c)5 (21 – 7) + 7 × 2 (d) 5 (e) – m – 7 (f) –5p (g) (h) –5p
5
(e) 3x (f) 5 – 5n
5. Give expressions in the following cases.
(g) (7 × 20) – (5 × 10) – 45 + p
Sol. (c) and (d) (a) 11 added to 2m
3. Identify the operations (addition, (b) 11 subtracted from 2m
subtraction, division, multiplication) in (c) 5 times y to which 3 is added
forming the following expressions and (d) 5 times y from which 3 is subtracted
tell how the expressions have been (e) y is multiplied by –8
formed. (f) y is multiplied by –8 and then 5 is
(a) z + 1, z – 1, y + 17, y – 17 added to the result
y
(b) 17y, , 5z (g) y is multiplied by 5 and then result is
17
subtracted from 16
(c) 2y + 17, 2y – 17
(h) y is multiplied by –5 and the result is
(d) 7m, – 7m + 3, –7m – 3
Sol. (a) z + 1 → Addition added to 16
z – 1 → Subtraction Sol. (a) 2m + 11 (b) 2m – 11
y + 17→ Addition (c) 5y + 3 (d) 5y – 3
y – 17 → Subtraction (e) –8y (f) –8y + 5
y (g) 16 – 5y (h) –5y + 16
(b) 17y → Multiplication; → Division; Publishing\PNCF\2024-25\Print Module\SET-2\NCERT\Mathematics\6th\M_3
17
6. (a)Form expressions using t and 4. Use
5z → Multiplication
not more than one number operation.
(c) 2y + 17 → Multiplication and Addition
Every expression must have t in it.
2y–17→ Multiplication and Subtraction
(b) Form expressions using y, 2 and 7.
(d) 7m → Multiplication
–7m + 3 → Multiplication and Addition Every expression must have y in it. Use
–7m –3 → Multiplication and Subtraction only two number operations. These
4. Give expressions for the following cases. should be different.
(a) 7 added to p t 4
Sol. (a) t + 4, t – 4, 4 – t, 4t, ,
(b) 7 subtracted from p 4 t
(c) p multiplied by 7 (b) 2y + 7, 2y – 7, 7y + 2, 7y – 2 and so on
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 Mathematics
Deleted Exercise (e) A bus travels at v km per hour. It is
1. Answer the following: going from Daspur to Beespur. After
(a) Take Sarita's present age to be y years
the bus has travelled 5 hours, Beespur
(i) What will be her age 5 years
from now? is still 20 km away. What is the
(ii) What was her age 3 years back? distance from Daspur to Beespur?
(iii) Sarita's grandfather is 6 times
Express it using v.
her age. What is the age of her
grandfather? Sol. (a) (i) y + 5 (ii) y – 3 (iii) 6y
(iv) Grandmother is 2 years younger (iv) 6y – 2 (v) 3y + 5
than grandfather. What is
(b) Breadth = b metres and Length
grandmother's age?
(v) Sarita's father's age is 5 years = (3b – 4) metres
more than 3 times Sarita's age. (c) Height of the box = h cm
What is her father's age?
(b) The length of a rectangular hall is Length of the boxes = 5 times the
4 meters less than 3 times the breadth height = 5h cm
of the hall. What is the length, if the Breadth of the box = 10 cm less than
breadth is b meters.
(c) A rectangular box has height h cm. Its length = (5h – 10) cm
length is 5 times the height and (d) Meena's position = s
breadth is 10 cm less than the length. Beena's position=8 steps ahead = s + 8
Express the length and the breadth of
the box in terms of the height. Leena's position=7steps behind = s – 7
(d) Meena, Beena and Leena are climbing Total number of steps = 4s – 10
the steps to the hilltop. Meena is at
(e) Speed of the bus = v km/h
step s, Beena is 8 steps ahead and
Leena 7 steps, behind. Where are Distance travelled in 5 hours = 5v km
Beena and Meena? The total number Remaining distance = 20 km
of steps to the hilltop is 10 less than 4
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Therefore, total distance=(5v + 20)km

times what Meena has reached.
Express the total number of steps 2. Change the following statements using
using s. expression into statements in ordinary
language.
(For example, Given Salim scores r runs in
a cricket match, Nalin scores (r + 15) runs.
In ordinary language - Nalin scores 15
runs more than Salim.)
(a) A notebook costs Rs. p. A book costs
Rs. 3p.

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NCERT Basics : Class 6
(b) Tony puts q marbles on the table. He Sol. (a) Munnu's age = x years
has 8q marbles in his box. His younger brother is 2 years
(c) Our class has n students. The school younger than him.
His younger brother’s age = (x – 2) years
has 20n students.
 1
(d) Jaggu is z years old. His uncle is 4z (b) Her age in past = (y – 3),  y − 2 
 2
years old and his aunt is (4z – 3) years
 1
old. Her age in future = (y + 7),  y + 4 
 2
(e) In an arrangement of dots there are r
(c) Number of students liking hockey is
rows. Each row contains 5 dots.
twice the students liking football, i.e.
Sol. (a) A book costs 3 times the cost of a 2n.
notebook. Number of students liking tennis is half
(b) The number of marbles in box is 8 n
the students liking football, i.e., .
times the marbles on the table. 2
(c) Total number of students in the school Deleted Exercise
is 20 times that in our class. 1. State which of the following are equations
(with a variable). Give reason for your
(d) Jaggu's uncle's age is 4 times the age of
answer. Identify the variable from the
Jaggu. Jaggu's aunt is 3 years younger
equations with a variable.
than his uncle. (a) 17 = x + 7 (b) (t – 7) > 5
(e) The total number of dots is 5 times the 4
(c) = 2 (d) (7 × 3) – 19 = 8
number of rows. 2
3. (a) Given Munnu's age to be x years, can (e) 5 × 4 – 8 = 2x (f) x – 2 = 0
you guess what (x – 2) may show? (g) 2m < 30 (h) 2n + 1 = 11
(i) 7 = (11 × 5) – (12 × 4)
(Hint : Think of Munnu's younger
(j) 7 = (11 × 2) + p (k) 20 = 5y
brother)
3q
(b) Given Sara's age today to be y years. (l) <5 (m) z + 12 > 24
2
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Think of her age in the future or in the (n) 20 – (10 – 5) = 3 × 5
past. What will the following (o) 7 – x = 5
expression indicate? Sol. (a) It is an equation of variable as both the
1 1 sides are equal. The variable is x.
y + 7, y – 3, y + 4 , y –2 .
2 2 (b) It is not an equation as L.H.S. is greater
(c) Given n students in the class like than R.H.S.
(c) It is an equation with no variable.
football, what may 2n show? What
(d) It is an equation with no variable. But
n
may show? it is a false equation.
2
(e) It is an equation of variable as both the
(Hint : Think of games other than sides are equal. The variable is x.
football) (f) It is an equation of variable x.
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 Mathematics
(g) It is not an equation as L.H.S. is less Sol.
than R.H.S. S.

Equation

Equation
No.

Satisfied
Variable

Solution
(h) It is an equation of variable as both the

Yes/No
Value

L.H.S.
of

of
sides are equal. The variable is n.
(i) It is an equation with no variable as its
both sides are equal. (a) 10 y = 80 y = 10 No 10 × 10
(j) It is an equation of variable p. = 100
(k) It is an equation of variable y. (b) 10 y = 80 y=8 Yes 10 × 8
(l) It is not an equation as L.H.S. is less = 80
than R.H.S. (c) 10 y = 80 y=5 No 10 × 5
(m)It is not an equation as L.H.S. is greater = 50
than R.H.S. (d) 4l = 20 l = 20 No 4 × 20
(n) It is an equation with no variable. = 80
(o) It is an equation of variable x. (e) 4l = 20 l = 80 No 4 × 80
2. Complete the entries in the third column = 320
of the table. (f) 4l = 20 l=5 Yes 4 × 5 = 20
S. Equation Value of Equation (g) b+5=9 b=5 No 5 + 5 = 10
No. variable satisfied
(h) b+5=9 b=9 No 9 + 5 = 14
yes/no
(a) 10 y = 80 y = 10 (i) b+5=9 b=4 Yes 4+5=9
(j) h–8=5 h = 13 Yes 13 – 8 = 5
(b) 10 y = 80 y=8
(k) h–8=5 h=8 No 8–8=0
(c) 10 y = 80 y=5
(l) h–8=5 h=0 No 0– 8 = – 8
(d) 4l = 20 l = 20 (m) p+3=1 p=3 No 3+3=6
(e) 4l = 20 l = 80 (n) p+3=1 p=1 No 1+3=4
(f) 4l = 20 l=5 (o) p+3=1 p=0 No 0+3=3

(g) b+5=9 b=5 (p) p+3=1 p = –1 No –1 + 3 = 2

(q) p+3=1 p = –2 Yes –2 + 3 = 1
(h) b+5=9 b=9
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3. Pick out the solution from the values

(i) b+5=9 b=4
given in the bracket next to each equation.
(j) h–8=5 h = 13
Show that the other values do not satisfy
(k) h–8=5 h=8 the equation.
(l) h–8=5 h=0 (a) 5m = 60 (10, 5, 12, 15)
(m) p+3=1 p=3 (b) n + 12 = 20 (12, 8, 20, 0)
(n) p+3=1 p=1 (c) p – 5 = 5 (0, 10, 5, –5)

(o) p+3=1 p=0 q

(d) = 7 (7, 2, 10, 14)
2
(p) p+3=1 p = –1
(e) r – 4 = 0 (4, – 4, 8, 0)
(q) p+3=1 p = –2
(f) x + 4 = 2 (– 2, 0, 2, 4)

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NCERT Basics : Class 6
Sol. (a) 5m = 60  L.H.S.  R.H.S.
Putting the given values in L.H.S.
 p = 0 is not the solution.
for m = 10
for p = 5
5 × 10 = 50
5–5=0
 L.H.S.  R.H.S.
 L.H.S.  R.H.S.
 m = 10 is not the solution.
 p = 5 is not the solution.
for m = 5
for p = 10
5 × 5 = 25
10 – 5 = 5
 L.H.S.  R.H.S.
 L.H.S. = R.H.S.
 m = 5 is not the solution.
 p = 10 is a solution.
for m = 12
for p = –5
5 × 12 = 60
–5 – 5 = –10
L.H.S. = R.H.S.
 L.H.S.  R.H.S.
 m = 12 is a solution.
for m = 15  p = –5 is not the solution.
5 × 15 = 75 q
(d) =7
L.H.S.  R.H.S. 2
 m = 15 is not the solution. Putting the given values in L.H.S., for q
(b) n +12 = 20 =7
Putting the given values in L.H.S. 7
7
for n = 12 2
12 +12 = 24  L.H.S.  R.H.S.
 L.H.S.  R.H.S.  q = 7 is not the solution.
 n = 12 is not the solution. for q = 10
for n = 20 10
=5
20 + 12 = 32 2
 L.H.S.  R.H.S.  L.H.S.  R.H.S.
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 n = 20 is not the solution.  q = 10 is not the solution.
for n = 8 for q = 2
8 + 12 = 20 2
=1
   L.H.S. = R.H.S. 2
 n = 8 is a solution.  L.H.S.  R.H.S.
for n = 0  q = 2 is not the solution.
0 + 12 = 12 for q = 14
 n = 0 is not the solution. 14
(c) p – 5 = 5 =7
2
Putting the given values in L.H.S,
 L.H.S. = R.H.S.
for p = 0
0 – 5 = –5  q = 14 is a solution.

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 Mathematics
(e) r – 4 = 0 4. (a) Complete the table and by inspection
Putting the given values in L.H.S., of the table find the solution to the
for r = 4 equation m + 10 = 16.
m m +10
4–4=0
 L.H.S. = R.H.S. 1 -
2 -
 r = 4 is a solution.
for r = 8 3 -
8–4=4 4 -
 L.H.S.  R.H.S. 5 -
 r = 8 is not the solution. 6 -
for r = –4 7 -
–4 – 4 = –8
8 -
 L.H.S  R.H.S.
9 -
r = –4 is not the solution.
10 -
for r = 0
0 – 4 = –4 - -

   L.H.S  R.H.S. - -

r = 0 is not the solution. - -

(f) x + 4 = 2 (b) Complete the table and by inspection
Putting the given values in L.H.S., of the table, find the solution to the
equation 5t = 35.
for x = –2
T 5t
–2 + 4 = 2
3 -
 L.H.S = R.H.S.
4 -
 x = –2 is a solution.
for x = 2 5 -
2+4=6 6 -
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 L.H.S  R.H.S. 7 -
 x = 2 is not the solution. 8 -
for x = 0 9 -
0+4=4 10 -
 L.H.S  R.H.S.
11 -
 x = 0 is not the solution.
- -
for x = 4
- -
4+4=8
- -
 L.H.S  R.H.S.
- -
 x = 4 is not the solution.

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NCERT Basics : Class 6
(c) Complete the table and find the solution Sol. (a)
of the equation z/3 = 4 using the table. m m +10

Z z 1 11
3 2 12
8 2 3 13
2
3 4 14
9 3 5 15
10 1 6 16
3
3 7 17
11 8 18
12 9 19
13 10 20
14 11 21
15 12 22
16 13 23
-  At m = 6, m + 10 = 16
- -  m = 6 is the solution.
- - (b)
t 5t
- -
3 15
(d) Complete the table and find the solution
4 20
of the equation m – 7 = 3.
5 25
m m–7
6 30
5 -
7 35
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6 -
8 40
7 -
9 45
8 -
10 50
9 -
11 55
10 -
12 60
11 -
13 65
12 -
14 70
13 -
15 75
- -
16 80
- -

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 Mathematics
 At t = 7, 5t = 35 (d)
m m–7
 t = 7 is the solution. 5 –2
(c) 6 –1

z 7 0
Z
3 8 1

2 9 2
8 2
3 10 3
11 4
9 3
12 5
1
10 3 13 6
3
14 7
2
11 3 15 8
3
 At m = 10, m – 7= 3
12 4
 m = 10 is the solution.
1
13 4 5. Solve the following riddles, you may
3
yourself construct such riddles.
2 Who am I?
14 4
3 (i) Go around a square
15 5 Counting every corner
Thrice and no more !
1 Add the count to me
16 5
3
To get exactly thirty four !
2 (ii) For each day of the week
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17 5
3 Make an upcount from me
If you make no mistake
18 6
You will get twenty three !
1 (iii) I am a special number
19 6
3
Take away from me a six !
2 A whole cricket team
20 6
3 You will still be able to fix !
(iv) Tell me who I am
z
   At z = 12, = 4 I shall give a pretty clue !
3
You will get me back
 z = 12 is the solution. If you take me out of twenty two !

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NCERT Basics : Class 6
Sol. (i) Let the required number be x. (iii) Let the required number be x.
Number of corners of the square = 4 Number of players in a cricket team
Number obtained on counting every = 11
corner thrice = 4 × 3 = 12
According to the question,
According to the question,
x – 6 = 11
x +12 = 34  x = 34 – 12 = 22
 x = 11 + 6
Hence, I am 22.
(ii) Let the required number be x. = 17
Hence, I am 17.
(iv) Let the required number be x.
According to the question,
22 – x = x  x + x = 22
22
 2x = 22  x = = 11
Number of days in a week = 7 2
According to the question, Hence, I am 11.
x + 7 = 23  x = 23 – 7 = 16
Hence, I am 16.

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