Home Page News Search Contact Us

Related Topics
Home Page » Protection » Protection Riddle No.119 - Setting of Under-voltage
» Home Page
Protection Riddle No.119 - Setting of Under-voltage
» Protection
What should be the setting of undervoltage in a multifunction relay of incoming
» Protection Riddles 1
33kv in a 33/11kv substation. The transformer is with a auomatic tap changer
» Protection Riddles 2 controller with T1 = 150 sec and T2 = 10 sec in 85% undervoltage
» Protection Riddles 3 Author : Mubarak - From: Tunis
» Protection Riddles 4

» Protection Riddles 5 Mon, January 11th, 2016 - 15:03 #1

» Protection Riddles 6 The undervoltage relays are generally set in a range of 85%–95% of normal
voltage. The applied time delays usually range between 30 cycles and several
» Protection Riddles 7
minutes. Also you can refer to Protective Relays Application Guide, ALSTOM
» Protection Riddles 8 Transmission and Distribution, Protection and Control for useful information
» Protection Riddles 9 about voltage drop/dip considerations.
» Protection Riddles 10
23.3.1 Voltage Dips
» Protection Riddles 11 Figure 23.2 shows the profile of a voltage dip, together with the associated
» Protection Riddles 12 definitions. The major cause of voltage dips on a supply system is a fault on the
system, that is sufficiently remote electrically that a voltage interruption does
» Protection Riddles 13
not occur. Other sources are the starting of large loads (especially common in
» Protection Riddles 14 industrial systems), and, occasionally, the supply of large inductive loads.
» Protection Riddles 15 Voltage dips due to the latter are usually due to poor design of the network
feeding the consumer. A voltage dip is the most common supply disturbance
» Protection Riddles 16
causing interruption of production in an industrial plant. Faults on a supply
» Protection Riddles 17 network will always occur, and in industrial systems, it is often practice to
» Protection Riddles 18 specify equipment to ride-through voltage dips of up to 0.2s. The most common
exception is contactors, which may well drop out if the voltage dips below 80%
» Protection Riddles 19
of rated voltage for more than 50-100ms.
» Protection Riddles 20 Motor protection relays that have an undervoltage element setting that is too
» Protection Riddles 21 sensitive is another cause. Since contactors are commonly used in circuits
supplying motors, the impact of voltage dips on motor drives, and hence the
» Protection Riddles 22
process concerned, requires consideration. Other network-related fault causes
» Protection Riddles 23 are weather–related (such as snow, ice, wind, salt spray, dust) causing insulator
» Protection Riddles 24 flashover, collisions due to birds, and excavations damaging cables. Multiple
voltage dips, as illustrated in Figure 23.3, cause more problems for equipment
» Protection Riddles 25
than a single isolated dip.
» Protection Riddles 26 The impact on consumers may range from the annoying (non-periodic light
» Protection Riddles 27 flicker) to the serious (tripping of sensitive loads and stalling of motors). Where
repeated dips occur over a period of several hours, the repeated shutdowns of
» Protection Riddles 28
equipment can give rise to serious production problems. Figure 23.4 shows an
» Protection Riddles 29 actual voltage dip, as captured by a Power Quality recorder.
» Protection Riddles 30 Typical data for undervoltage disturbances on power systems during evolving
faults are shown in Figure 23.5. Disturbances that lie in the front right-hand
» Protection Riddles 31
portion of the histogram are the ones that cause most problems, but fortunately
» Protection Riddles 32 these are quite rare.
» Protection Riddles 33

» Protection Riddles 34

» Protection Riddles 35

» Protection Riddles 36

» Protection Riddles 37

» Protection Riddles 38

» Protection Riddles 39

» Protection Riddles 40

» Protection Riddles 41

» Protection Riddles 42

» Protection Riddles 43

» Protection Riddles 44

» Protection Riddles 45

» Protection Riddles 46

» Protection Riddles 47

» Protection Riddles 48

» Protection Riddles 49

» Protection Riddles 50

» Protection Riddles 51

» Protection Riddles 52

» Protection Riddles 53

» Protection Riddles 54

» Protection Riddles 55

» Protection Riddles 56

» Protection Riddles 57

» Protection Riddles 58

» Protection Riddles 59

» Protection Riddles 60

» Protection Riddles 61

» Protection Riddles 62

» Protection Riddles 63

» Protection Riddles 64

» Protection Riddles 65

» Protection Riddles 66

» Protection Riddles 67

» Protection Riddles 68

» Protection Riddles 69

» Protection Riddles 70

» Protection Riddles 71

» Protection Riddles 72

» Protection Riddles 73

» Protection Riddles 74
» Protection Riddles 75

» Protection Riddles 76

» Protection Riddles 77

» Protection Riddles 78

» Protection Riddles 79

» Protection Riddles 80

» Protection Riddles 81

» Protection Riddles 82

» Protection Riddles 83

» Protection Riddles 84

» Protection Riddles 85

» Protection Riddles 86

» Protection Riddles 87

» Protection Riddles 88

» Protection Riddles 89

» Protection Riddles 90

» Protection Riddles 91

» Protection Riddles 92

» Protection Riddles 93

» Protection Riddles 94

» Protection Riddles 95

» Protection Riddles 96

» Protection Riddles 97

» Protection Riddles 98

» Protection Riddles 99

» Protection Riddles 100

» Protection Riddles 101

» Protection Riddles 102

» Protection Riddles 103

» Protection Riddles 104

» Protection Riddles 105

» Protection Riddles 106

» Protection Riddles 107

» Protection Riddles 108

» Protection Riddles 109

» Protection Riddles 110

» Protection Riddles 111

» Protection Riddles 112

» Protection Riddles 113

» Protection Riddles 114

» Protection Riddles 115

» Protection Riddles 116

» Protection Riddles 117

» Protection Riddles 120 Submit Your Answer

Please insert the number from picture below :

Change Language :