TFN
Week 2
Concept
-building blocks of theories
-It can come from empirical phenomena or any
abstraction of how a person perceived an object
that is not physically present or observed like
charity, caring, or patience.
-It enhances one’s capacity to understand
phenomena as it helps define the meaning of a
word
Two Types of Concepts
Abstract- indirectly observed or intangible. It is
dependent of time and place
Examples-love, care, and freedom
Concrete-directly observed or tangible
Examples-nurse, mother, and pain.
Conceptual Definitions- meaning of a word
based on how a certain theory or relevant
literature perceives it to be.
Examples-roles/concepts of nurse, patient care,
and environment.
Operational Definitions- are meaning of a word
based on the method of how it was measured or
how the person come up with that perception.
Example-significance of pain perception and
practices nursing intervention
Theoretical Models
or Frameworks
-highly established set of concepts that
are testable
Conceptual Models or Frameworks
-representations of an idea or body of knowledge based on the own understanding or
perception of a person or researcher on a certain topic, phenomena or theory. They can be
represented thru a diagram or in narrative form which shows how concepts are interrelated.
Physical Lowered
Person Fitness Blood
Exercise Pressure
What are
Nursing
Paradigms
?
Philosophy in Nursing
- next level knowledge
after metaparadigm. It -it sets forth the meaning
specifies the definition of of phenomena through
metaparadigm concepts in analysis, reasoning, and
each of the conceptual logical judgement
models in Nursing.
Science
-refers to any systematic knowledge or
practice in a discipline of study.
-system of acquiring knowledge based
on the scientific method.
Scientific Method
1. Observation
2. Gathering Data
3. Forming Hypothesis
4. Experimental Investigation
5. Conclusion or Theoretical Explanation
Knowledge
-Information, skills and expertise acquired by a person
through various life experiences, or through
formal/informal learning such as formal education,
self-study, and vocational.
-The abstract or workable understanding of a subject
or idea
-What is known in a particular field of discipline or
study
-there is no single agreed classification of knowledge
Perception- Achieving an understanding of
sensory data
Association- combing two or more concepts or
ideas to form a new concept or for comparison
Types of Learning- Acquiring experience, skills,
Cognitive information, and values
Process Reasoning- Mental process of seeking conclusions
through reason
Communication- Transferring data from sender to
receiver using different mediums or tools of
communication
Sources of Knowledge
1. Traditional Knowledge- nursing practice that is passed down from
generation to generation. It has been always practiced that way
2. Authoritative Knowledge-idea by a person of authority which is
perceived as true because of his or her expertise.
3. Scientific- is a type of knowledge which came from a scientific
method through research. These new ideas are tested and
measured systematically using objective criteria
Phenomenon
-setsof empirical data or experiences that can be
physically observe or tangible such as crying or
grimacing when in pain.
- It is connected with how an individual person
reacts using the human senses concerning their
surrounding and assessing the behaviors and
factors that affect such behaviors
In Nursing, phenomena
can be:
1. Clinical or environmental setting of
nursing-health center
2. Disease process- ulcer
3. Client’s behavior-guarding behavior at the pain
site
4. Interventions- care of the client in pain
5. Practices-utilized in nursing theories and
metaparadigms (person, nursing, health, and
environment)