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Protection Riddle No.11 – Earthing point location
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In an industrial power plant including four individual power generation units
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and related step up power transformers, the delta side of transformers is
» Protection Riddles 2 connected to generators and star side to main substation busbars via relevant
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incoming circuit breakers.
Earthing system type that is considered in main substation is impedance
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grounding. Also the related resistor is not connected to star point of that
» Protection Riddles 5 mentioned transformers. They installed on star point of two zigzag earthing
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transformers that are connected to main bus bars of substation.
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» Protection Riddles 20 Indeed the earthing point of electrical system; because of some location
» Protection Riddles 21 problems are moved from typical place to substation room.
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In the other hand, all main substation incomings are equipped by many earth
fault relays (51N) that shall be protected the main bus bar against probable
» Protection Riddles 23 earth faults on it.
» Protection Riddles 24 Next investigations shown that earth fault relays are not able to do works that
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assigned for it.

» Protection Riddles 26 How can you explain the reason of that protection system inability?
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Author : Hamid - From: Iran
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» Protection Riddles 29 Tue, December 25, 2007 - 11:20 #1

» Protection Riddles 30 The CTs for the 51N should be located at the resistor point, ie at connection of
» Protection Riddles 31 zig zag transformer and not on incoming circuit breaker level
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Author : kissan from Mauritania
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» Protection Riddles 34 Wed, December 26, 2007 - 12:09 #2

» Protection Riddles 35 I think the 51N relay which located at star point of earthing transformer can not
» Protection Riddles 36 apply selective protection for all sources.
» Protection Riddles 37 Author : Hamid
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Wed, December 26, 2007 - 20:12 #3
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The relaying point being the star point of earthing transformer will be able to
detect the earth fault at bus bar level, whilst the CTS on individual sources will
» Protection Riddles 41 not be able to detect the earth fault as they can see only an overcurrent.
» Protection Riddles 42 It is evident that, in case of an earth fault, the feeding sources will have to be
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tripped, i.e with tie breaker open condition, the feeding circuit breakers on the
relecant section on which the fault occurs will have to be tripped.
» Protection Riddles 44 For tie breaker closed position the control circuit of the protection devise has to
» Protection Riddles 45 be wired , so that they can trip the related source.
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The above configuration is not a very common one and thus it has its inherent
difficulties.
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Author : kissan from Mauritania
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Thu, December 27, 2007 - 15:53 #4
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Yes you are right.
» Protection Riddles 51 In main substation, selection of earthing transformers location prevents ground
» Protection Riddles 52 fault protection operation against main busbar earth faults, indeed because of
moving of earthing point from star connection of power transformer
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to switchgear, the related ground fault relays can not have proper responds
» Protection Riddles 54 against earth faults in main bus bars and that protection behave as a restricted
» Protection Riddles 55 earth fault inherently.
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» Protection Riddles 88 Author : Hamid

» Protection Riddles 90 Tue, November 25, 2008 - 14:20 #5

» Protection Riddles 91 I feel the earth fault relay 51-N shall be connected in series with resistor for
detection of earth fault
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» Protection Riddles 93 Author : [Link] - From: INDIA

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Thu, June 11th, 2009 - 11:00 #6
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The scheme will help to protect the Generator from E/F. That is the part behind
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the relay will have the protection. Not the Bus bar
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Author : Abdul Hameed Pathiyil - From: India working in Qatar
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» Protection Riddles 99 Submit Your Answer

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» Protection Riddles 109 Please insert the number from picture below :
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