By: Ja’far 3 rdYear

Instruments
Al-Sharabati
Outline
❖ Conservative Dentistry Lab
❖ Introduction to Operative Dentistry
❖ Operative Dentistry Lab Instruments – (Cons Lab)
❖ Introduction to Endodontics
❖ Endodontics Lab Instruments
❖ Introduction to Prosthodontics
❖ Prosthodontics Lab Instruments.
‫‪Outline‬‬
‫❖ هذه اإلشارة تعني أن األداة مطلوبة في القائمة ويجب التأكد من وجودها‬

‫❖ هذه اإلشارة تعني أن األداة إضافية وال يشترط شراؤها‬

Conservative
Dentistry
By: Ja’far Al-Sharabati
Conservative Dentistry
❖ Conservative Dentistry – ‫ – المعالجة التحفظية‬a treatment process whereby a
minimum of healthy tooth structure is removed during the restorative
process.

❖ There is two branches of Conservative Dentistry: Operative Dentistry and

Endodontics.
Conservative
Dentistry Lab
• The jaw model should be placed
inside the phantom head.
• This simulates the real patient
situation.
• Phantom head position can be
modified.
Conservative
Dentistry Lab
• Every student should be working on a
unit during the lab
• Unit parts are illustrated in the
following figures
• High speed vs Slow Speed
Conservative
Dentistry Lab
• High speed handpiece: 400,000 rpm
- remove tooth structure faster
• Burs Types: friction grip burs
• Uses: tooth preparation, removing old
restorations and bulk reduction
• Slow speed handpiece: 22,000 rpm -
requires a relatively heavy force
application
• Uses: Fine refinements, finishing and
polishing, teeth cleaning….
Examination Set
By: Ja’far Al-Sharabati
Examination Set
❖ It is used mainly during intraoral examination for real patient.

❖ It is used throughout the whole 3rd year in both operative and endodontic labs, thus
you should bring it in every lab.

❖ Basic Components: Dental Mirror and Tweezers.

❖ Other Components: Dental Probe, Perio Prob UNC and Shepherd's hook explorer
Dental Mirror
• The main use is for indirect vision
inside the patient's mouth.
• I preferer larger mirror.
• I preferer using non-disposable mirror
over disposable one.
Tweezers
• Used to place small objects inside the
mouth and retrieve small objects from
the mouth.
Dental Probe
• In the list called Probe 2 ends
• Used to test the smoothness of
certain surface
• In real patients used to detect caries,
calculus…
Shepherd’s Hook
Explorer
• Same uses as Dental Probe.
Periodontal Probe
• In the list called Perio Prob UNC
• The primary use is to measure pocket
depths around a tooth in order to
establish the state of health of the
periodontium.
• It is also used to measured distances
inside the oral cavity (ex. Cavity
depth, clearance…)
Jaw Model
By: Ja’far Al-Sharabati
Nissin Jaw Model:
Hard Gingiva
• During this year and in operative,
endodontics and prosthodontics lab
you are going to use this jaw model.

• You will install this jaw model inside

the phantom head in order to
simulate the real patient situation.
Nissin Jaw Model:
Hard Gingiva
• In endodontics lab you will remove
the teeth, put a natural tooth in the
place and prepare access cavity prep.

• In operative lab you will prepare

different forms of cavities on these
acrylic teeth.
Nissin Jaw Model:
Hard Gingiva
• But how you can get these teeth
back?

• These teeth can be replaced by

unscrewing them from top.

• You can buy them from different

suppliers, I am going to give my own
experience.
‫‪Nissin Jaw Model:‬‬
‫‪Hard Gingiva‬‬
‫• أسنان ياباني‪:‬‬
‫▪ سعر السن ‪ 1.5‬دينار‬
‫▪ أقرب الى السن الطبيعي‬
‫▪ المزود‪ :‬شركة عبدالهادي* ‪ /‬مركز دنتيستري‬
‫‪ /‬مكتبة تالع العلي ‪ /‬مكتبة الفنون‪.‬‬
‫• أسنان صيني‪:‬‬
‫▪ سعر السن ‪ 0.75‬دينار‬
‫▪ أقل مقاومة من السن الطبيعي‬
‫▪ المزود‪ :‬مكتبة تالع العلي‬
Operative
Dentistry Lab
By: Ja’far Al-Sharabati
Operative Dentistry
❖ Operative Dentistry is the art and science that is related to the diagnosis, treatment
and prognosis of the defects of the teeth, that don't require full coverage for
corrections.

❖ We should aim to restore tooth form, function and esthetics.

Operative Dentistry Lab – (Cons Lab)
❖ During this lab you need the following: Examination Set, Amalgam Set, Liners and
Bases Application, Composite Set, Cavity Preparation Set and Isolation Set.

❖ In the 1st semester you will practice cavity preparation only.

❖ In the 1st semester you will practice cavity preparation, amalgam restorations and
composite restoration only.
Cavity
Preparation Set
By: Ja’far Al-Sharabati
Cavity Preparation Set
❖ During this year you are going to practice preparing different forms of cavities in the
upper and lower jaw on the phantom head.
❖ Using hatchets, burs and examination set you will be able to prepare these cavities on
acrylic teeth.
❖ You are going to use this set during this entire year.
❖ Keep it away from moisture.
Enamel Hatchets
• They are used to chip away enamel
that can't be reached by burs.
• The three and four numbering system
is a bit advanced thus you can learn
more about it in :
[Link]
cutting-instruments/
Enamel Hatchet
10-7-14
• In the list it is named GF#16 Enamel
Hatchet 10-7-14.
• Used to chip away enamel that can't
be reached by burs.
Enamel Hatchet
15-9-14
• In the list it is named Enamel
Hatchet #10: 15-9-14.
• Used to chip away enamel that can't
be reached by burs.
Gingival Margin
Trimmer 10-80-8-14
• In the list it is named Gingival Margin
Trimmer GF 12: 10-80-8-14.
• Used to chip away enamel that can't
be reached by burs.
Wedelstaedt Chisel
#10
• Used to chip away enamel that can't
be reached by burs.
Spoon Excavator:
8-6-14
• In the list it is named Spoon
Excavator #12: 8-6-14
• In real patients it is used to chip
away soft infected dentine.
• Also, it can be used to shape the
cavity.
Dental Burs
• Dental burs attach to a handpiece
and are used for cutting and polishing
hard tissues of the mouth.
• Parts: Shank, Nick and Head
• They can be classified according to
shank type, head material, head
shape, head size or diamond head
roughness.
Dental Burs
Classification
• According to the Shank they can be
classified into:
1. Long Straight Shank (HP): long
(40mm) shank with thick base, we
generally use them in prosthodontics
lab.
2. Latch-type Shank (RA): They fit into
slow speed handpieces. They are
generally 20mm
3. Friction Grip Shank (FG): They fit into
high speed handpiece. The standard
length is 20mm, but long shank FG
burs are also available.
Dental Burs
Classification
• According to the Head Material they
can be classified into:
1. Tungsten Carbide Head: used
mainly for bulk cutting and cavity
preparation.
2. Diamond Head: better for finishing
and making rough surfaces.
Dental Burs
Classification
• According to the Head Shape they
can be classified into many different
shapes
Dental Burs
Classification
• According to the Head size they can
be classified into many different sizes
and each bur has its own sizes
Dental Burs
Classification
• According to the Diamond head
roughness they can be classified into
many different sizes and each bur
has its own sizes
Burs Holder
• Burs are small objects, thus you might
lose them easily
• A burs holder will keep your burs
organized together.
• Metal or plastic, I prefer metallic one
because you can use it in 4th year
Carbide FG Bur Straight
Fissure Size 008
• Used to make the outline cut during
cavity preparation.
• Probably the most used bur in
operative lab.
• I highly recommend you buy at least
4 pieces and make sure to bring it in
every operative lab.
Carbide RA Bur Straight
Fissure Size 008
• Used to make fine refinements in the
cavity preparation.
• I recommend you buy 2 pieces.
Carbide FG Bur
Round # 2
• Sometimes it is used to initiate the
access cavity cut in endodontics lab.
• I recommend you buy 2 to 3 pieces.
Carbide FG Bur
Round # 4.
• Used during cavity preparation.
Carbide RA Bur
Round # 2
• Used to make fine refinements in the
cavity preparation.
Carbide RA Bur
Round # 4
• Used to make fine refinements in the
cavity preparation.
Carbide RA Pear
Shape Bur
• Used to make fine refinements in the
cavity preparation.
• I recommend you buy 2 pieces.
Carbide FG Pear
Shape Bur
• Used to make the outline cut during
cavity preparation.
• Sometimes it is used to initiate the
access cavity cut in endodontics lab.
• I recommend you buy 2 to 3 pieces.
Carbide FG Bur
Round Long Shank
• Due to the limited vision or light
level, it can be very useful in deep
access cavity in endodontics.
Carbide FG Bur Round
Long Shank #4
• Due to the limited vision or light
level, it can be very useful in deep
access cavity in endodontics but be
carful this is the large size.
Diamond Finishing
Bur FG Needle Shape
• Used to finish composite restoration
or in veneers preparation.
• Occasionally used for cavity
preparation.
Diamond Finishing
Bur FG Flame Shape
• Used to finish composite restoration
or in veneers preparation.
• Occasionally used for cavity
preparation.
Diamond Finishing
Bur FG Round Shape
• Used to finish composite restoration
or in veneers preparation.
• Occasionally used for cavity
preparation.
Amalgam Set
By: Ja’far Al-Sharabati
Amalgam Restoration
❖Amalgam is one of the dental materials that is used to restore the tooth
structure.

❖Steps: Cavity prep, Trituration (mixing), Dispensing of amalgam,

Condensation, Burnishing, Carving, Finishing and Polishing.

❖You are going to do amalgam restorations in the 2nd semester only.

Amalgam Carrier
• Used to dispense triturated amalgam
inside the prepared cavity.
Condenser Filling
Instruments (S)&(L)
• Used to compress and adapt
amalgam inside the cavity.
• It is impotent for eliminating voids.
Discoid Cleoid
Carver
• Carving the tooth anatomy while the
amalgam is still soft.
• It looks like a claw.
#1/2 Double end
Hollenbeck Carver
• Carving the tooth anatomy while the
amalgam is still soft.
IPC Carver
• Carving the tooth anatomy while the
amalgam is still soft.
Appleseed
Burnisher (S)
• It is also called Egg Shaped Burnisher.
• It looks like an egg.
• Burnishing is done after condensing
and overfilling the preparation with
amalgam by smearing the final layer.
• it helps in initiating the carving
process, removing excess mercury
and giving a good shine .
Dilly Burnisher
• This how it looks like (Fig1), but
usually, we get small ball burnisher
instead of it like this (Fig2)
• Same uses as appleseed burnisher.
Glass Dapen Dish
• Used to contain triturated amalgam.
Universal Matrix
Retainer
• It used to retain the matrix band; this
will compensate for the missing wall
in class II cavities.
Amalgam Polishing
kit (3PCS)
• Polishing will give the amalgam a
nice-looking shiny surface with less
porosity.
Green Stone
• Used for finishing.
• Finishing refers to removing a small
amount of excess amalgam that
remains after carving, and it usually
done after the amalgam gets harder
Liners and Bases
Application Set
By: Ja’far Al-Sharabati
Liners and Bases Application Set
❖This set is used in both operative and endodontics labs.
Calcium Applicator
Double End Small
• As the name implies, it used to apply
calcium hydroxide in a deep cavity.
• Calcium hydroxide will be discussed
later.
Cement Spatula &
Mixing Glass Slab
• Used in both operative and
endodontic lab.
• Used mainly to mix some dental
materials like sealer.
• Also used to carry bond and
composite…
• Make sure to keep your mixing slab
nice and clean by wiping it up with a
clean cloth & alcohol after using it.
Isolation Set
By: Ja’far Al-Sharabati
Outline
❖ During this year we are going to focus on rubber dam isolation.
❖ Rubber dam isolation s considered the gold standard isolation method.
❖ In operative we isolate multiple teeth (called field isolation), not only the
tooth that we want to operate.
❖ In endodontics, generally we isolate only one tooth.
❖ This set is going to be used in the (1st semester – 1st week) & on the (2nd
semester last 4 weeks).
Rubber Dam
Frame Metal
• Used to hold the rubber dam sheet
around the patient mouth.
Rubber Dam Clamps
(9,2A,13A,12A)
• Clamps come in different shapes and
sizes…
• Here are the ones that you should
have.
• They are used to hold the rubber dam
sheet around the tooth.
Composite Set
By: Ja’far Al-Sharabati
Composite Set
❖Composite is one of the dental materials that is used to restore the
tooth structure.

❖Steps: Cavity prep, Acid etching, bond, Composite placement, Curing,

Finishing and Polishing.

❖You are going to do composite restorations in the 2nd semester only.

Dental Plastic
Instrument
• Used to handle the composite
restorations.
• Very useful in finishing and shaping
restoration margins.
• Different sizes, but small one is very
useful in class II restorations.
Posterior Occlusal
Contouring Instrument
• Used to stamp some of the common
anatomical shapes.
• Using it, shaping the composite in
posterior regions is by far easier than
using other instruments.
Composite Plugger
• Used to handle and condense the
composite inside the cavity.
Titanium Coated
Composite Instruments
• The titanium coating of
instruments minimizes the
adhesion of composite.
• Blue or Gold.
• They cost more than normal ones.
Mandril Burs for
Polishing Disks
• Slow Speed Bur (RA).
• Polishing discs will be installed on
the tip of the bur.
• You are not required to buy polishing
disks; they will be available from the
lab.
High Speed Flame
Shape Bur Red
• High Speed Bur (FG).
• Diamond head.
• Removing small excess parts after
curing.
High Speed Flame
Shape Bur Yellow
• High Speed Bur (FG).
• Diamond head.
• Removing small excess parts after
curing.
High Speed Diamond
Round Bur #2 Yellow
• High Speed Bur (FG).
• Diamond head.
• Different sizes, but the size you need
is 2.
• Removing small excess parts after
curing.
High Speed Diamond
Needle Bur
• High Speed Bur (FG).
• Diamond head.
• Removing small excess parts after
curing.
Composite Polishing
Kit 3 PCS
• Low Speed Burs (RA).
• As the name implies, they are used
for polishing.
White Stone Low
Speed Flame Shape
• Low Speed Bur (RA).
• Flame Shape.
• Finishing: removing small excess
parts after curing.
• You can buy cone shape it is very
useful.
Micro Brush
• Used to apply and rub bond in the
cavity.
• Different colors indicate different sizes.
Sectional Matrix Ring +
(10 Pcs Sectional Matrix)
• Used to compensate for the missing
wall in class II cavities.
Endodontics
Set
By: Ja’far Al-Sharabati
Endodontics
❖ Endodontics is the dental specialty concerned with the study and treatment of the
dental pulp.
❖ Throughout this entire year you're going to focus on the Root Canal Treatment – RCT
❖ "‫بالعربي عالج الجذو ير أو "سحب العصب‬
❖ Steps include access cavity preparation, canal preparation, obturation and temporary or
permanent filling
Safety Glasses
• You should use this glasses during
both operative and endodontics lab
• It can protect your eyes from
contaminated droplets or from solid
object like broken burs or stuff like
that.
Endo Access Bur
• Used in access cavity preparation
cavity – Pulp Exposure.
• Its shank is longer than standard burs
and it can cut from its end and sides
• It is used only in endodontics
Endo Z Bur
• Used in access cavity preparation
cavity – Deroofing.
• It can’t cut from its end, but it can cut
from its sides
• It is used only in endodontics
Carbide FG Bur
Round long shank #4
• Due to the limited vision or light
level, it can be very useful in deep
access cavity in endodontics but be
carful this is the large size.
• I recommend you buy the smaller
size; I think it is much better.
Gates Glidden (1-6)
• It is a set of endodontics RA burs
• Used in flaring the canal orifices.
• You gotta be careful when using them
they can break easily.
• They are used only in endodontics
Endodontics Files
• Endodontics files are used to clean
and shape the root canals.
• They are standardized and can be
classified according to:
1. Cross Section
2. File Length
3. Tip Diameter
4. File Taper
Endodontics Files
• Classification according to Cross
section…
• The cross section of the file is printed
on the handle of each file.
• The most commonly used files in RCT
are K-Files and throughout this year,
this is the only file you gonna be
using.
Endodontics Files
• Classification according to File length
…
• Each length is indicated by the color
of the rubber stopper.
• This year you are going to use 21mm,
25mm and 31mm.
Endodontics Files
• Classification according to Tip
diameter…
S. Steel K files size
8 L25mm
S. Steel K files size
10 L25mm
S. Steel K files
(15-40) L25mm
S. Steel K files
(45-80) )L25mm
S. Steel K files
(15-40) L31mm
S. Steel K files
(45-80) )L31mm
S. Steel K files
(15-40) L21mm
S. Steel K files
(45-80) )L21mm
Finger Spreader
S/Steel (15-40)
• Look carefully, these are not files; they
are called finger spreaders.
• They have the same color code as
files but not the same function.
• Make sure that you have them
because they are essential in some
steps and can be easily forgotten.
File Organizer Stand
• I don’t recommend you buy the one
on the list because it is just bad!!!
• I recommend you buy one of these
instead, or you can just use a regular
sponge.
Endo Ring
• During RCT you will measure files
length quite frequently, thus a good
ruler that can be sticked to your finger
is such an efficient tool.
• Many types and forms
Endo Explorer DG16
• It is used in locating and opening of
small canal orifices.
Scissor
• Used to cut many things including
gutta percha cones.
Locking Cotton Plier
• Used to place small objects inside
the mouth and retrieve small objects
from the mouth.
• The difference between it and
tweezers is that it locks on the
object that holding.
Excavator Glick
GP Cutter
• We heat it up and cut excess gutta
percha cone with it.
• Usually, it is messing thus make sure
you have it.
Endodontic
Spoon Excavator
• In real patients it is used to chip away
soft infected dentine.
Side-Vented Endodontic
Irrigation Needle (Gauge 27)

• It smaller than regular needles and its

opening is on the side not on the tip
• Many shapes and forms
• Used to deliver solutions into the root
canals.
X-Ray Film Hanger Clip &
Bags (X-ray Film pack)

😁👉
Prosthodontics
Set
By: Ja’far Al-Sharabati
Prosthodontics
❖ Prosthodontics: the branch of dentistry concerned with the design,
manufacture, and fitting of artificial replacements for teeth and other parts of
the mouth.
❖ During the 1st semester you will learn about Complete Denture – CD.
❖ During the 2nd semester you will learn about Removable Partial Denture –
RPD.
Prosthodontics
❖Steps for CD construction include:
1. Primary Impression* => Diagnostic cast* + Special tray*
2. Secondary Impression => Master cast + Base plate* + Wax rims*
3. Jaw registration => Mounting* + Teeth setting*
4. Teeth try in => Denture processing.

*Steps: you will do these steps.

Articulator
• A mechanical device which represents
the temporomandibular joint and the
jaw members to which maxillary and
mandibular casts may be attached to
simulate jaw movements.
• Used in 1st semester from 3rd week
until the end.
• Used in last 3 weeks in 2nd semester.
Syringe 50ml
• A big syringe that is used mainly in
measuring volumes.
Vaseline
• Used to facilitate the removal of
certain materials and prevent adhesion
between certain surfaces.
Gauze 4x4
• Used only in the 1st week in the 1st
semester.
• Used to prevent the impression
compound from sticking to the bowl
Plastic Spatula &
Rubber Bowel
• Used to mix certain materials like
dental stone, plaster of paris or
alginate…
Wax Knife
Wooden Hand
• Used to carve and shape the wax
during different procedures.
Wax Lacron Carver
• Used to carve and shape the wax
during different procedures.
• The same one that you have been
using during the dental anatomy lab.
Plaster Knife
• Used to trim and chisel gypsum
product and impression compound.
• The same one that you have been
using during the dental anatomy lab.
Wax lacron carver
& Plaster Knife
• Used to carve and shape the wax
during different procedures.
HP Bur: Fissure
Diamond
• Long bur with thick shank.
• Used mainly to make some of the rest
seats in 2nd semester.
HP Bur: Round
Diamond
• Long bur with thick shank.
• Used mainly to make some of the rest
seats in 2nd semester.
HP Bur: Inverted
Cone Diamond
• Long bur with thick shank.
• Used mainly to make some of the rest
seats in 2nd semester.
Acrylic HP Bur:
Flame Shape
• Long bur with thick shank.
• Used throughout the entire year to
trim acrylic bases, teeth…
Microscope slides
• I don’t know when or why they are
used (lol)
Metal Ruler
• Used to measure objects length.
Hot Plate
• Used during wax rims construction.
• Used in 1st semester from 3rd week
until the end.
• Used in last 3 weeks in 2nd semester.
Alcohol Lamp Glass
& Alcohol 99%
• Used to generate heat, this will melt
the wax and enable you to shape it.
• Alcohol 99% will burn without
generating bad odder or black smoke.
• You gonna need alcohol lamp glass
in some endodontics labs.
‫‪Small Funnel‬‬
‫‪• I highly recommend you buy this‬‬
‫‪funnel in order to re-fill alcohol lamp‬‬
‫‪glass with alcohol.‬‬
‫بنصح باستخدام القمع العادة تعبة الموقد ‪ ...‬اذا •‬
‫ال سمح هللا انسكب الكحول حول الموقد وانتا‬
‫ولعت رح يشتعل كل الموقد ورح تمسك النار ف‬
‫أي اشي حوليها ‪...‬‬
Complete Impression
Plastic Tray Set
• Used to take a primary impression for
Completely edentulous patient.
• Different sizes: small, medium and
large.
• Used only one time; in the 1st week
of the 1st semester, thus after that
you can remove it from your box.
Partial Impression
Plastic Tray Set
• Used to take a primary impression for
dentulous patient.
• Different sizes: small, medium and
large.
• It look like a box => to contain the
teeth inside the impression.
• Used only one time; in the 1st week
of the 2nd semester, thus after that
you can remove it from your box.
Teeth set
• Make sure that get the right size by
asking your supervisor at the first
week.
Base Former Set
• Used to make a nice-looking cast base
with no irregularities.
• Different sizes but you will get the
large size.
• Used only tow times; in the 1st week
of the 1st semester and 2nd semester
thus after that you can remove it from
your box.
Carbon Marker
• Used in surveying lab in 2nd semester
only (4th or 5th week).
Thermometer
• I think you gonna use it to measure
the water temperature in the 1st week
in the 1st semester.
Placemat
• You're going to use it when working
with wax to prevent the wax from
dripping on the bench.
 By: Ja’far
Al-Sharabati The End