LIFE PROCESS
MCQs
Question 1 : In the following diagram, identify the cells through which massive
amounts of gaseous exchange takes place for photosynthesis :
(a) I
(b) IV
(c) III
(d) II
Question 2 : In a nerve cell, the site where the electrical impulse is converted
into a chemical signal is known as:
(a) Axon
(b) Dendrites
(c) Neuromuscular junction
(d) Cell body
Question 3: The length of small intestine in a deer is more as compared to
the length of small intestine of a tiger. The reason for this is
(a) type of food consumed
(b) mode of intake of food
(c) presence or absence of villi in intestines
(d) presence or absence of digestive enzymes
Question 4 : In human beings, when the process of digestion is completed,
the (i) proteins, (ii) carbohydrates, and (iii) fats are respectively finally
converted into :
(a) (i) Amino acids, (ii) glucose and (iii) fatty acids
(b) (i) Amino acids, (ii) glucose, (iii) fatty acids and glycerol
(c) (i) Glucose, (ii) fatty acids and glycerol, (iii) amino acids
(d) (i) Sugars, (ii) amino acids, (iii) fatty acids and glycerol
Question 5 : Identify the option that Indicates the correct enzyme that is
secreted in location (i), (ii) and (iii).
(a) (i)-lipase (ii)-trypsin (iii)-pepsin
(b) (i)-amylase (ii)-pepsin, (iii)-trypsin
(c)(i)-trypsin (ii)-amylase (iii)-carboxylase
(d) (i)-permease (ii)-carboxylase, (iii)-oxidase
Question 6 : Observe the following diagram and identify the process and its
significance from the following options:
(a) Evaporation: maintains water contents in leaf cells
(b) Translocation: helps in transporting materials from one cell to another
(c) Excretion: helps in excreting out waste water from the plant
(d) Transpiration: creates a suction force which pulls water inside the plant
Question 7 : A sportsman, after a long break of his routine exercise, suffered
muscular cramps during a heavy exercise session. This happened due to:
(a) lack of carbon dioxide and formation of pyruvate
(b) presence of oxygen and formation of ethanol
(c) lack of oxygen and formation of lactic acid
(d) lack of oxygen and formation of carbon dioxide
Question 8 : Which of the following statement(s) is (are) true about human
heart?
(i) Right atrium receives oxygenated blood from lungs through pulmonary
artery.
(ii) Left atrium transfers oxygenated blood to left ventricle which sends it to
various parts of the body.
(iii) Right atrium receives deoxygenated blood through vena cava from upper
and lower body.
(iv) Left atrium transfers oxygenated blood to aorta which sends it to
different parts of the body.
(a) (i)
(b) (i) and (iv)
(c) (ii) and (iii)
(d) (ii) and (iv)
Question 9 :
Assertion (A): In humans, major amount of water is absorbed by tubular part
of nephron.
Reason (R): The amount of water reabsorbed depends on how much
dissolved waste is to be excreted from the body.
(a) Both A and R are true and R is correct explanation of the Assertion.
(b) Both A and R are true but R is not correct explanation of the Assertion.
(c) A is true but R is false.
(d) A is false but R is true.
Question 10 :
Assertion (A): The rate of breathing in aquatic organisms is much faster than
in terrestrial organisms.
Reason (R): The amount of oxygen dissolved in water is very high as
compared to the amount of oxygen in air
(a) Both A and R are true and R is correct explanation of the Assertion.
(b) Both A and R are true but R is not correct explanation of the Assertion.
(c) A is true but R is false.
(d) A is false but R is true.
Answers
1. b
2. c
3. a
4. b
5. b
6. d
7. c
8. c
9. b
10. c
VSAQs
Question 1 : Name the type of nutrition exhibited by Amoeba. Explain how
food is taken in and digested by this organism. [CBSE 2024]
Answer:
The type of nutrition exhibited by Heterotrophic /Holozoic Nutrition.
The food taken in and digested by this organism is done in the following
ways:
(i) The process of obtaining food by Amoeba is called phagocytosis. Amoeba
ingests food by using its finger-like projections called pseudopodia.
(ii) The food is engulfed with a little surrounding water to form a food vacuole
inside the Amoeba. The food is digested inside food vacuole by digestive
enzymes.
(iii) Food is absorbed directly into the cytoplasm of Amoeba by diffusion.
(iv) Food is used to obtain energy and growth of Amoeba.
(v) When considerable amount of undigested food collects inside Amoeba,
then its cell membrane ruptures at any place to throw out this undigested
food
Question 2 : Photosynthesis takes place in the leaves and the food
prepared by it reaches other parts of the plants. Name the process involved
and explain it. [CBSE 2024]
Answer:
The process involved is translocation. It is the transport of soluble products
or food prepared by photosynthesis, through phloem in the sieve tubes with
the help of companion cells, both in upward and downward directions by
utilising energy.
Question 3 : What will happen if:
(a) Xylem tissue in a plant is removed?
(b) We are injured and start bleeding? [CBSE 2023]
Answer:
(a) If xylem is removed, transport of water and minerals from soil would not
occur, which lead to wilting of leaves and ultimately death of plant.
(b) In case of any injury when bleeding occurs, platelets circulate around
body and form mesh-like network or clot at site of injury.
Question 4 : In birds and mammals, the left and right side of the heart are
separated. Give reasons [CBSE 2020]
Answer:
The separation of left and right sides of heart in birds and mammals prevent
mixing of oxygenated and deoxygenated blood and allow a highly efficient
supply of oxygen to the body. This is useful in animals that have high energy
needs (birds and mammals) which constantly use energy to maintain their
body temperature.
Question 5 :Two green plants are kept separately in oxygen free containers,
one in the dark and other in sunlight. It was observed that plant kept in dark
could not survive longer. Give reason for this observation. [CBSE 2023]
Answer:
The plant kept in dark could not survive longer because it will not be able to
produce oxygen required for its respiration by the process of photosynthesis.
Oxygen is evolved as the byproduct of photosynthesis during photolysis of
water and helps plant to survive longer that is kept in sunlight.
Question 6 : List the events in proper sequence that takes place during the
process of photosynthesis. [CBSE 2023]
Answer:
The three events that occur during the process of photosynthesis are:
(i) Absorption of light energy by chlorophyll.
(ii) Conversion of light energy to chemical energy (in the form of ATP and
NADPH) and splitting of water molecules into hydrogen and oxygen.
(iii) Reduction of carbon dioxide to carbohydrates (carbon assimilation)
SAQs
Question 1 :
(i) How does Paramecium obtain its food?
(ii) List the role of each of the following in our digestive system:
(a) Hydrochloric acid
(b) Trypsin
(c) Muscular walls of stomach
(d) Salivary amylase [CBSE 2023]
Answer:
(i) In Paramecium, a unicellular protozoan, the hair like outgrowth cilia are
present on the entire surface and help in collecting the food. They sweep the
food inside body through the oral groove.
(ii) (a) Role of hydrochloric acid: It helps to maintain the acidic pH in stomach
required for activation of enzyme pepsin that digests proteins in the stomach.
(b) Role of trypsin in our digestion system: Trypsin breaks down protein into
smaller peptides in the duodenum of the small intestine. It helps in digesting
dietary protein by breaking the chain of amino acids. It also activates some
proenzymes present in pancreatic juice.
(c) Role of muscular walls in of stomach in our digestive system: The muscular
wall in stomach contract periodically and thereby help in the churning and
mixing the food with the digestive enzymes and HCI. It helps in chemical
digestion.
(d) Role of salivary amylase in our digestive system: Salivary amylase found in
saliva breaks down the starch and convert it into simplest sugar
Question 2 : Why is the rate of breathing in aquatic organisms much faster
than in terrestrial organisms? [CBSE 2019]
Answer:
Aquatic organisms like fishes obtain oxygen from water present In
dissolved state through their gills. Since the amount of dissolved oxygen is
fairly low as compared to the amount of oxygen In the air, the rate of
breathing in aquatic organisms is much faster than that seen in terrestrial
organisms.
Question 3 :
(i) "Blood circulation in fishes is different from the blood circulation in
human beings." Justify the statement.
(ii) Describe "blood circulation" in human beings. [CBSE 2020]
Answer:
(i) In fishes. blood circulation is called single circulation due to the
presence of two-chambered heart whereas double circulation is seen in
human beings due to the presence of four chambered heart.
(ii) The process of blood circulation In human beings is as follows:
(a) The deoxygenated blood from all body parts is collected by the veins to
pour into vena cava.
(b) Vena cava pours blood into the right atrium.
(c) Right atrium transfers this blood into the right ventricle.
(d) Right ventricle pumps blood to lungs through pulmonary artery.
(e) The oxygenated blood from the lungs is brought to the left atrium
through pulmonary vein.
(f) Now the blood is pumped to left ventricle. from where the blood is
distributed to all parts of the body through aorta.
Question 4 :
(i) Describe the structure and function of the basic filtering unit of kidney.
(ii) List two factors on which reabsorptlon of water from urine depends.
[CBSE 2020]
Answer:
(i) Nephrons are made up of cluster of thin walled capillaries called
glomerulus which is associated with a cup-like structure called Bowman's
capsule at one end and collecting duct at another end.
Functions of Nephron:
(a) Filtration of blood takes place in Bowman's capsule.
(b) Some useful substances such as glucose. amino acids and salts are
selectively reabsorbed into the blood by capillaries surrounding the
nephron tubule.
(c) The filtrate which remains afterreabsorption is called urine. Urine is
collected from nephrons by the collecting duct to carry it to the ureter.
(ii) Reabsorption of water from urine depends upon the:
(a) amount of excess water in the body.
(b) amount of dissolved wastes that need to be excreted
Question 5 :
(i) Draw a diagram of human alimentary canal and label: gall bladder,
pancreas, liver and small intestine on it.
(ii) Give two reasons to explain why absorption of digested food occurs
mainly in the small intestine?
Answer:
(i)
(I) Absorption of digested food occurs mainly in small intestine because of
the following reasons:
(a) Inner lining of small intestine is provided with villi which increases the
surface area for absorption.
(b) Wall of Intestine is richly suppled with blood vessels which take the
absorbed food to each and every cell of the body.
LAQs
Question 1 :
(i) In the experimental set-up shown above in diagram (I) atmospheric air is
being passed into lime water with a syringe while in diagram (II) air is being
exhaled into lime water. The time taken for the lime water to turn milky in
both the test tubes is different. Give reason.
(ii) Draw the diagram of an open stomatal pore and label (I) Guard cells,
and (II) Chloroplast on it. Mention two functions performed by stomata.
[CBSE 2024]
Answer:
(i) In set up (I) lime water turns milky in more time as compared to set up
(II) because the air we exhaled contains high percentage of CO2 as
compared to atmospheric air.
(ii)
Two functions performed by stomata:
(a) Gaseous exchange
(b) Transpiration
Question 2 :
(i) Why is there a difference in the rate of breathing between aquatic
organisms and terrestrial organisms? Explain.
(ii) Draw a diagram of human respiratory system and label-pharynx, trachea,
lungs, diaphragm and alveolar sac on it. [CBSE 2020]
Answer:
(i) Aquatic organisms breathe faster as compared to terrestrial organisms
because the amount of oxygen present in water is very less as compared to
the amount of oxygen present in the air. That's why aquatic organisms need
to breathe faster as compared to terrestrial organisms to get morе oxygen.
Question 3 :
Design an activity to show that chlorophyll is essential for photosynthesis.
[CBSE 2020]
Answer:
Procedure:
(i) Take a potted plant with variegated leaves.
(ii) Keep the plant in a dark room for three days so that all the starch gets
used up.
(iii) Keep the plant in sunlight for about six hours.
(iv) Pluck a leaf from this plant. Mark the green areas in it and trace them
on a sheet of paper.
(v) Dip the leaf in boiling water for a few minutes.
(vi) After this, immerse it in a beaker containing alcohol
(vii) Place the beaker in a water-bath carefully and heat till the alcohol
begins to boil
(viii) Now dip the leaf in a dilute solution of iodine for a few minutes.
(ix) Take out the leaf and rinse off the iodine solution.
Observation: The green parts of the leaf have turned blue-black.
Inference: This indicates that the green parts of the leaf possess
chlorophyll. which carry out photosynthesis and produce starch.
Question 4 :
(a) Mention any two components of blood.
(b) Trace the movement of oxygenated blood in the body.
(c) Write the function of valves present in between atria and ventricles.
(d) Write one structural difference between the composition of artery and
veins. [CBSE 2018]
Answer:
(a) Two components of blood are blood plasma and blood corpuscles.
(b) Oxygenated blood from lungs → Pulmonary veins → Left atrium of heart
→ Left ventricle → Aorta → Arteries → Body parts
(c) When blood is pumped, valves prevent back flow of blood between
ventricles and atria. They open and allow the right amount of blood to flow
from one chamber to the other.
(d) Structural difference between veins and arteries is as follows:
Case study
Kidneys are vital organs for survival. Several factors like infections, injury or
restricted blood flow to kidneys reduce the activity of kidneys. This leads to
accumulation of poisonous wastes in the body, which can even lead to death.
In case of kidney failure, an artificial kidney can be used. An artificial kidney
is a device to remove waste products from the blood through dialysis.
Q.1 (i) Name the artery that brings oxygenated blood to the kidney.
(ii) Name the cluster the thin-walled blood capillaries present in the
Bowman’s capsule.
Answer:
(i) Renal Artery
(ii) Glomerulus
Q.2 In human excretory system name the organ which stores urine. Is this
organ under hormonal control or nervous control ?
Answer:
Urinary bladder stores the urine in human excretory system. It is under
nervous control
Q.3. List two major steps involved in the formation of urine and state in brief
their functions.
OR
In which part of the nephron does selective reabsorption take place ? List
the factors which the amount of water reabsorbed depends on.
Answer:
Filtration: Nitrogenous wastes such as urea or uric acid are removed
Reabsorption: Glucose, amino acids, salts/some useful materials and major
amounts of water reabsorbed
OR
Tubular part of nephron.
The amount of water absorbed depends on :
how much water is there in the body.
how much dissolved waste is there to be excreted