EXPRIMENT : Digital simulation of series RL and RC Circuit
EX NO : 09
DATE : 19/05/2025
REGISTER NO : 2403737710521001
ROLL NO : 01
NAME : AADHITHYA D
RL TRANSIENT
clc;
clear all;
V = 120;
R = 50;
L = 10;
t = 0:0.01:5;
tau = L / R;
i = (V / R) * (1 - exp(-t / tau));
plot(t, i, 'r', 'LineWidth', 2);
grid on;
xlabel('Time (s)');
ylabel('Current (A)');
title('Transient Response of RL Circuit');
legend('i(t) = (V/R)(1 - e^{-t/τ})');
I_final = V / R;
fprintf('Final steady-state current: %.2f A\n', I_final);
fprintf('Time constant (τ): %.2f seconds\n', tau);
RESULT :
Final steady-state current: 2.40
Time constant (τ): 0.20 seconds
RC TRANSIENT
clc;
clear all;
V = 120;
R = 50;
C = 0.05;
tau = R * C;
t = 0:0.01:5*tau;
Vc_charging = V * (1 - exp(-t / tau));
Vc_discharging = V * exp(-t / tau);
figure;
subplot(2,1,1);
plot(t, Vc_charging, 'b', 'LineWidth', 2);
title('RC Circuit - Capacitor Charging');
xlabel('Time (s)');
ylabel('Voltage Across Capacitor (V)');
grid on;
subplot(2,1,2);
plot(t, Vc_discharging, 'r', 'LineWidth', 2);
title('RC Circuit - Capacitor Discharging');
xlabel('Time (s)');
ylabel('Voltage Across Capacitor (V)');
grid on;
fprintf('--- RC Transient Parameters ---\n');
fprintf('Time constant (tau = R*C): %.2f seconds\n', tau);
fprintf('Charging reaches ~99%% at t = %.2f seconds\n’,5*tau);
RESULT :
--- RC Transient Parameters ---
Time constant (tau = R*C): 2.50 seconds
Charging reaches ~99% at t = 12.50 seconds
EXPRIMENT : Digital simulation of Frequency response of series and parallel resonance circuit
EX NO : 10
DATE : 26/05/2025
REGISTER NO : 2403737710521001
ROLL NO : 01
NAME : AADHITHYA D
SERIES RESONANCE
clc;
clear all;
R = 70;
L = 0.001;
C = 0.00001;
V = 10;
f = 100:100:1000000;
w = 2 * pi * f;
XL = w .* L;
XC = 1 ./ (w .* C);
Z = R + 1i * (XL - XC);
I = V ./ abs(Z);
figure;
semilogx(f, I, 'b', 'LineWidth', 1.5);
xlabel('Frequency (Hz)');
ylabel('Current Magnitude (A)');
title('Series RLC Resonance');
grid on;
fr = 1 / (2 * pi * sqrt(L * C));
Q = (2 * pi * fr * L) / R;
bw = R / (2 * pi * L);
flower = fr - (bw / 2);
fupper = fr + (bw / 2);
fprintf('Resonant Frequency (fr): %.2f Hz\n', fr);
fprintf('Quality Factor (Q): %.2f\n', Q);
fprintf('Bandwidth (BW): %.2f Hz\n', bw);
fprintf('Lower Cutoff Frequency: %.2f Hz\n', flower);
fprintf('Upper Cutoff Frequency: %.2f Hz\n', fupper);
RESULT :
Resonant Frequency (fr): 503.29 Hz
Quality Factor (Q): 0.45
Bandwidth (BW): 1114.08 Hz
Lower Cutoff Frequency: -53.75 Hz
Upper Cutoff Frequency: 1060.33 Hz
PARALLEL RESONANCE
clc;
clear all;
R = 70;
L = 0.01;
C = 0.00001;
I = 10;
w = 1000:100:10000;
BC = w .* C;
BL = 1 ./ (w .* L);
G = 1 / R;
Y = G + j * (BC - BL);
V = i ./ abs(Y);
semilogx(w, V, 'b', 'LineWidth', 2);
xlabel('Frequency (rad/s)');
ylabel('Voltage Magnitude (V)');
title('Parallel Resonance');
grid on;
fr = 1 / (2 * pi * sqrt(L * C));
Q = R * sqrt(C / L);
bw = fr / Q;
flower = fr - bw / 2;
fupper = fr + bw / 2;
fprintf('--- Parallel Resonance Parameters ---\n');
fprintf('Resonant Frequency (fr): %.2f Hz\n', fr);
fprintf('Quality Factor (Q): %.2f\n', Q);
fprintf('Bandwidth (BW): %.2f Hz\n', bw);
fprintf('Lower Cutoff Frequency (f_lower): %.2f Hz\n', flower);
fprintf('Upper Cutoff Frequency (f_upper): %.2f Hz\n', fupper);
RESULT :
--- Parallel Resonance Parameters ---
Resonant Frequency (fr): 503.29 Hz
Quality Factor (Q): 2.21
Bandwidth (BW): 227.36 Hz
Lower Cutoff Frequency (f_lower): 389.61 Hz
Upper Cutoff Frequency (f_upper): 616.97 Hz
EXPRIMENT : Simulation for determining the z and y parameters of a two port network
EX NO :11
DATE : 26/05/2025
REGISTER NO : 2403737710521001
ROLL NO : 01
NAME : AADHITHYA D
Z PARAMETER
Z1 = 6;
Z2 = 7;
Z3 = 8;
Z11 = Z1 + Z3;
Z12 = Z3;
Z21 = Z3;
Z22 = Z2 + Z3;
Z_matrix = [Z11, Z12; Z21, Z22];
disp('Z-parameter matrix [Z]:');
disp(Z_matrix);
RESULT :
Z-parameter matrix [Z]:
14 8
8 15
Y PARAMETER
Z1 = 30;
Z2 = 35;
Z3 = 45;
Z11 = Z1 + Z3;
Z12 = Z3;
Z21 = Z3;
Z22 = Z2 + Z3;
Z = [14, 8; 8, 15];
Y = inv(Z);
disp('Z-parameter matrix [Z]:');
disp(Z);
disp('Y-parameter matrix [Y] = inv(Z):');
disp(Y);
RESULT :
yparameter
Z-parameter matrix [Z]:
14 8
8 15
Y-parameter matrix [Y] = inv(Z):
0.1027 -0.0548
-0.0548 0.0959