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NAIA Terminal 3 Capacity and Wait Times Assessment

The thesis assesses the capacity and waiting times at Ninoy Aquino International Airport Terminal 3, highlighting ongoing congestion issues that negatively impact passenger experience and the Philippine economy. It aims to estimate the costs associated with flight delays and improve terminal management through a detailed analysis of passenger flow and contributing factors to delays. The study's findings will benefit the aviation industry, future researchers, and government agencies by providing data for performance assessment and optimization strategies.

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Elac Seijo
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19 views11 pages

NAIA Terminal 3 Capacity and Wait Times Assessment

The thesis assesses the capacity and waiting times at Ninoy Aquino International Airport Terminal 3, highlighting ongoing congestion issues that negatively impact passenger experience and the Philippine economy. It aims to estimate the costs associated with flight delays and improve terminal management through a detailed analysis of passenger flow and contributing factors to delays. The study's findings will benefit the aviation industry, future researchers, and government agencies by providing data for performance assessment and optimization strategies.

Uploaded by

Elac Seijo
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Airport Terminal capacity assessment in Ninoy Aquino International Airport

terminal 3 concerning the waiting time of passengers’

By

Jericho Bryan T. Magana

Rey Mark L. Tesorero

Elijah Chris R. Seijo

A thesis submitted to the School of Civil, Environmental, and Geological Engineering in

Partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Bachelor of Science in Civil

Engineering
Approval sheet

The thesis entitled “Airport capacity assessment in Ninoy Aquino International Airport

terminal 3 concerning the waiting time of passengers” was prepared by Jericho Bryan T.

Magana, Rey Mark L. Tesorero, and Elijah Chris R. Seijo in partial fulfillment of the

requirements for the Degree of Bachelor of Science in Civil Engineering has been monitored and

is approved for acceptance for proposal of thesis defense oral examination.

___________________________

Engr. Geoffrey Cueto

Thesis adviser
Chapter 1

This chapter presents the introduction, statement of the problem, significance of the study and

objectives of the study.

Introduction

Airport congestion has always been a problem in the Ninoy Aquino International Airport

Terminal 3 since it has always been operating beyond its capacity. This problem resulted in a

negative effect in worldwide perceptions about NAIA which in turn have had negative

complications on the country’s economic and financial image internationally. The Ninoy Aquino

International Airport Has been accounted as the worst airport in three consecutive years in terms

of quality service (2011 to 2013) and is still regarded as the worst international airport in terms of

business class travels, to date. The NAIA terminal 3 which was supposed to be the best airport in

the Philippines and the main gateway of the country is only certified as a 3-star international

airport.

NAIA terminal 3 was built to decongest terminal 1 which was also operating beyond its

capacity. Terminal 1 was designed to host 4.5 million passengers annually, a capacity that has

already been reached in 1991 and was renovated to increase the maximum capacity to 6 million

passengers annually. Compared to the 13 million passenger annual capacity that Terminal 3 can

cater for, this was still not enough to accommodate the continuously increasing demand of flights
and passenger volume. With the current terminal congestion, landside and airside problems are

bound to happen and will worsen with the growing demand.

Declining on-time travel performance of airlines is a growing problem in recent years. In a

systematic point of view, Airport delays in the Philippine aviation industry is a sign of poor

customer service, inefficiency, and inadequate schedule/resource management. In short, NAIA

system management is still lacking behind and is not fully optimized. Is there a need to revise

NAIA’s terminal 3 management system for better optimization for the terminal?

Most importantly, Airport delays have a significant impact on the Philippines economy.

In a recent airport failure in NAIA the airspace was shut down due to a glitch in the air navigation

traffic system of the Civil Aviation Authority of the Philippines (CAAP). It was estimated that

around one-hundred million Philippine pesos were lost due to the incident and around fifty-six

thousand passengers were affected by the 282-flight cancellations and delays. Problems like this

have a huge negative impact on Philippine tourism.

With the continuously increasing number of flights and passenger volume airport congestion

and delays are bound to happen. One of the consequences of airport delays is the passengers’

waiting time and cost of delay. To effectively tackle delays and improve passenger satisfaction,

it's crucial to involve all important variables including airlines, airports, air traffic management,

governments, and passengers. By working together, we can enhance on-time performance and

guarantee that passengers receive adequate care when delays occur.


Statement of the problem

This study aims to estimate the cost of airport delay with a direct proportional correlation

to the passengers’ waiting time using a linear regression model in accordance with the International

Airport Transport Association (IATA).

Significance of the study

The results of the study will be highly beneficial to the Philippine aviation industry,

particularly to Ninoy Aquino International Airport terminal 3 given the increasing number of

flights and passenger volume. For assessing the passengers’ waiting time for better quality of

service and to have an estimation cost of flight delays for future data.

Future researchers. Future researchers will benefit from this study as it will provide them with

new data about estimation of flight delays and assessment of passengers waiting time in NAIA

terminal 3.

Government. This will benefit the government that they may use the findings of this study to assess

the performance of all NAIA terminals and improve its performance.


Objectives of the study

● Determine the current passenger flow and waiting periods at various points across NAIA

terminal, as well as the reasons contributing to delays and congestion.

● To evaluate the influence of various factors (such as aircraft schedules, passenger

demographics, and security processes) on passenger wait times and terminal capacity of

NAIA.

● To determine the relationship between passenger satisfaction and waiting times in NAIA

terminal, and to develop ways for improving the overall passenger experience while

maintaining efficient terminal capacity management.

● Determine the assets loss due to flight delays.

● Assess the passengers waiting time in accordance with the International Air Transport

Association.

● Correlate the cost of delay to the waiting time of passengers’.


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Nextor, H. (2010). National Center of Excellence for Aviation Operations Research: ‘Total delay
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Common questions

Powered by AI

Strategies to improve on-time performance include enhancing coordination among airlines, airports, and air traffic management, optimizing existing schedules, improving infrastructure to meet demand, and investing in technology to streamline processes. Collaborative efforts involving governments and passengers are also vital to ensure effective implementation and sustainable results at NAIA Terminal 3 .

IATA provides standards and benchmarks for assessing passenger waiting times, helping airports like NAIA Terminal 3 to identify inefficiencies and adopt best practices. These insights encourage process optimization and infrastructure enhancements to align with international service levels, ensuring quality and efficiency improvements .

The air navigation traffic system glitch at NAIA exemplifies systemic challenges such as poor customer service, and inefficiency, highlighting the inadequacy of current schedule/resource management. This incident resulted in significant economic implications, including an estimated Php 100 million in losses and affecting 56,000 passengers, which worsens the country's tourism sector and overall economic stability .

Frequent flight cancellations and delays lead to negative socio-economic consequences for Philippine tourism by deteriorating passenger perceptions, reducing the appeal of the country as a travel destination, and potentially decreasing tourist arrivals. The economic impact extends to loss of revenue for airlines and related industries, affecting both micro and macroeconomic levels .

Flight delays lead to significant asset losses through increased operational costs for airlines, loss of business opportunities due to passenger dissatisfaction, and reduced competitiveness in the regional aviation market. Such losses extend to auxiliary sectors like tourism and retail, impacting broader economic growth and investments in the Philippines .

Aircraft schedules directly impact arrival and departure timing, creating peaks and troughs in passenger flow, while passenger demographics influence security needs and processing times (e.g., families, elderly travelers). Misalignment between schedules and terminal capacity, along with varied demographic needs, results in inefficient service and increased waiting times at NAIA Terminal 3 .

Using a linear regression model to estimate the cost of airport delay is effective as it allows for a direct proportional analysis of waiting times and associated costs. This method provides quantitative data crucial for determining service quality impacts and aids in strategic planning to minimize future delays and improve passenger satisfaction at NAIA Terminal 3 .

Airport congestion at NAIA Terminal 3 leads to increased waiting times and decreased passenger satisfaction. The proposed methods to address these issues include assessing passenger flow and waiting periods, evaluating influence factors like aircraft schedules and security processes, and developing strategies to enhance passenger experience while optimizing terminal capacity .

There is an inverse relationship between passenger satisfaction and waiting times; longer wait times tend to decrease satisfaction levels. Measures to improve passenger experience include enhancing queue management, increasing resources during peak periods, and incorporating digital tools for self-service options to streamline processes at NAIA Terminal 3 .

The key reasons behind airport congestion at Ninoy Aquino International Airport Terminal 3 include the terminal operating beyond its intended capacity due to increasing passenger and flight volumes. This congestion has negatively impacted the airport's service quality, causing it to be rated poorly globally, particularly from 2011 to 2013. This poor rating affects the country's international reputation and has financial implications, as it harms the economic image of the Philippines internationally .

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