Date : 10-05-2025 STD 10 Science Total Marks : 30

Time : 1 Hour Chapter 1

SECTION A

* Select and write one most appropriate option out of the four options given [5]
for each of the questions

1. Name the type of following chemical reaction. 2H2​O 2 ​→ 2H2​O + O 2​.

(A) Displacement (B) Combination (C) Synthesis (D) Decomposition
Ans. :
d. Decomposition
Explanation:
A decomposition reaction is a type of chemical reaction in which a single
compound breaks down into two or more elements or new compounds.
These reactions often involve an energy source such as heat, light, or
electricity that breaks apart the bonds of compounds.
2. What type of chemical reaction does the reaction belong to?
A piece of sodium metal is added to absolute ethanol to form sodium ethoxide
and hydrogen gas.
(A) Precipitation (B) Neutralization (C) Decomposition (D) Displacement
Reactions. Reactions. Reactions. Reactions.
Ans. :
d. Displacement Reactions.
Explanation:
Sodium metal (Na) reacts with ethanol (C2H5OH) to produce sodium ethoxide
(C2H5ONa) and hydrogen (H2).
It is a displacement reaction in which the more active sodium displaces
hydrogen in ethanol.
The equation can be written as:
2Na + 2C2​H5​O H → 2C2​H5​O Na + H2

3. Reactions in which energy is absorbed are known as:

(A) Endothermic (B) Exothermic (C) Combination (D) Combustion
reactions. reaction. reaction. reaction.
Ans. :
a. Endothermic reactions.
Explanation:
Reactions in which energy is absorbed are known as endothermic reactions.

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 4. Which among the following statement (s) is/ are true? Exposure of silver
chloride to sunlight for a long duration turns grey due to:
i. The formation of silver by decomposition of silver chloride.
ii. Sublimation of silver chloride.
iii. Evolution of chlorine gas from silver chloride.
iv. Oxidation of silver chloride.
(A) (i) only. (B) (i) and (iii) (C) (ii) and (iii) (D) (iv) only
Ans. :
a. (i) only.
Explanation:
Exposure of silver chloride to sunlight for a long duration turns grey this is
because chlorine gas from silver chloride gas liberated and leaves the silver
as grey in colour.
2AgCl → 2Ag + Cl2

5. The following reaction is used for the preparation of oxygen gas in the
laboratory
Heat

2KCIO3 (s) −−−−−→ 2KCI(s) + 3O2 (g)

Catalyst

Which of the following statement(s) is (are) correct about the reaction?

a. It is a decomposition reaction and endothermic in nature.
b. It is a combination reaction.
c. It is a decomposition reaction and accompanied by release of heat.
d. It is a photochemical decomposition reaction and exothermic in nature.
Ans. :
a. It is a decomposition reaction and endothermic in nature.
Explanation: Potassium chlorate decomposes to give Potassium chloride and
oxygen, hence it is a decomposition reaction. Heat is being supplied to this
reaction, so it is an endothermic reaction.

* Question consist of two statements - Assertion (A) and Reason (R). Answer [2]
these questions by selecting the appropriate option given below:
A. Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
B. Both A and R are true, and R is not the correct explanation of A.
C. A is true but R is false.
D. A is false but R is true

6. For two statements are given-one labelled Assertion (A) and the other labelled
Reason (R). Select the correct answer to these questions from the codes (a), (b),
(c) and (d) as given below:
a. Both A and R are true, and R is correct explanation of the assertion.

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 b. Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of the
assertion.
c. A is true, but R is false.
d. A is false, but R is true.
Assertion: Chemical reaction changes the physical and chemical state of a
substance. Reason: When electric current is passed through water (liquid), it
decomposes to produce hydrogen and oxygen gases.
Ans. :
b. Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of the assertion.
7. For two statements are given-one labelled Assertion (A) and the other labelled
Reason (R). Select the correct answer to these questions from the codes (a), (b),
(c) and (d) as given below:
a. Both A and R are true, and R is correct explanation of the assertion.
b. Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of the
assertion.
c. A is true, but R is false.
d. A is false, but R is true.
Assertion: Rusting of iron metal is the most common form of corrosion.
Reason: The effect of rusting of iron can be reversed if they are left open in
sunlight.
Ans. :
c. A is true, but R is false.

SECTION B

* Answer the following question. : [ 2 marks each ] [4]

1. In the reaction represented by the equation.

CuO + H2 −−−→ Cu + H2 O

i. Name the oxidising agent.

ii. Name the reducing agent.
iii. Name the substance oxidised.
iv. Name the substance reduced.
Ans. :
i. Oxidizing agent which helps in oxidizing and it is CuO
ii. Reducing H
iii. Oxidized is H2
iv. Reduced is cu
OR
* Express the following facts in the form of a balanced chemical equation:

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“When a strip of copper metal is placed in a solution of silver nitrate, metallic silver
is precipitated and a solution containing copper nitrate is formed”.

Ans. : Cu(s) + 2AgNO3 (aq) −−−−−→ Cu(NO )2 (aq) + 2Ag(s)

3

Heat

CaCO3 (s) −−−−−−−−−−−→ CaO(s) + CO2 (g)

(Decomposition)

Calcium Carbonate Calcium Oxide Carbon dioxide

(Limestone) (Lime)

They are called opposite of combination reaction because in a combination

reaction, two or more substances combine to from a single substance.
Example: Megnesium and oxygen combine, when heated, to from magnesium
oxide.
Combination

2Mg(s) + O2 −−−−−−−−−−→ 2MgO(s)

Magnesium Oxygen Magnesium oxide

2. Explain the term “rancidity”. What damage is caused by rancidity?

Ans. : The condition produced by aerial oxidation of fats and oils in foods marked
by unpleasant smell and taste is called rancidity. It spoils the food materials
prepared in fats and oils which have been kept for a considerable time and makes
them unfit for eating.

SECTION C

* Answer short answer questions. [3 Mark each] [6]

1. What happens when a piece of.

1. Zinc metal is added to copper sulphate solution?
2. Aluminium metal is added to dilute hydrochloric acid?
3. Silver metal is added to copper sulphate solution? Also, write the
balanced chemical equation if the reaction occurs.
Ans. :
1. When zinc metal is added to copper sulphate solution, the colour of
CuSO 4 solution disappears and colourless zinc sulphate solution is formed.
Solid brown copper is deposited as it displaces by Zn.
Zn(s) + CuSO4 (aq) → ZnSO4 (aq) + Cu(s)

Zinc Copper Zinc Copper

(grey) Sulphate Sulphate (brown)

(blue) (colourless)

2. Aluminium displaces hydrogen from HCl and hydrogen gas is evolved with
soluble aluminium chloride.

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 2Al(s) + 6HCl(aq) → 2AlCl3 (aq) + 3H2 (g)

Aluminium Hydrochloric Aluminium Hydrogen

acid chloride

3. Silver is a Nobel metal and does not exhibit any reaction with copper
sulphate.
OR
*
What is redox reaction? Identify the substance oxidized and the substance
reduced in the following reactions.
i. CuO + H2 −→ Cu + H2 O

ii. MnO2 + 4HCl → MnCl2 + Cl2 + 2H2 O

Ans. :
i. CuO + H2 −→ Cu + H2 O

The given reaction is the oxidized substance. Oxidation means addition of

oxygen. So In the given reaction, Hydrogen is [Link] reduced substance.
Reduction means removal of oxygen. So the substances getting reduced is
CuO. Oxidizing agent which helps in oxidizing and it is CuO
ii. MnO2 + 4HCl → MnCl2 + Cl2 + 2H2 O

In the reaction MnO 2 is reduced to MnCl2. ie., the oxidation [Link] Mn is

decreased from +4 to -2. HCl is oxidised to chlorine molecule. ie.,the
OXIDATION-NUMBER of chlorine is increased from -1 to 0. So MnO 2 is reduced
to MnCl2. HCl is oxidised to chlorine.

2. On adding a drop of barium chloride solution to an aqueous solution of sodium

sulphite, white precipitate is obtained.
1. Write a balanced chemical equation of the reaction involved.
2. What other name can be given to this precipitation reaction?
3. On adding dilute hydrochloric acid to the reaction mixture, white
precipitate disappears. Why?
Ans. :
1. Balanced chemical equation.
Na2SO 3(aq) + BaCl2(aq) → BaSO 3(s) + 2NaCl(aq)
2. This reaction is also known as double displacement reaction.
3. BaSo3 is a salt of a weak acid (H2So3) therefore dilute acid such as HCl
decomposes barium sulphite to produce sulphur dioxide gas which has the
smell of burning sulphur.
BaSO 3(s) + 2HCl(aq) → BaCl2(aq) + H2O(l) + SO 2(g)
BaCl2 Is soluble in water, hence white precipitate disappears.

SECTION D

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* Long answer questions [5 Mark each] [5]

1. When water is added gradually to a white solid X, a hissing sound is heard and a
lot of heat is produced forming a product Y. A suspension of Y in water is
applied to the walls of a house during white washing. A clear solution of Y is
also used for testing carbon dioxide gas in the laboratory.
a. What could be solid X? Write its chemical formula.
b. What could be product Y? Write its chemical formula.
c. What is the common name of the solution of Y which is used for testing
carbon dioxide gas?
d. Write chemical equation of the reaction which takes place on adding
water to slid X.
e. Which characteristic of chemical reactions is illustrated by this example?
Ans. :
a. Solid X is calcium oxide, commonly known as quicklime. Its chemical
formula is CaO.
b. Product Y is calcium hydroxide, commonly known as slaked lime. Its
chemical formula is Ca(OH)2.
c. Common name of the solution of Y is "lime water", which is used to test
carbon dioxide gas.
d. CaO(s) + H2 O(l) −−−→ Ca(OH) (aq) + HEAT
2

e. This chemical reaction is characterised by change in temperature because a

huge amount of heat is evolved in this reaction, causing rise in
temperature of the mixture.

SECTION E

* case - based/data -based questions [8]

1. Read the following and answer any four questions from (i) to (v).
A reaction in which two or more reactants combine to form a single product
is called a combination reaction. For example, calcium oxide reacts vigorously
with water to form calcium hydroxide. The reaction is highly exothermic in
nature, as lots of heat is produced during the reaction.
CaO(s) + H2 O(l) −−→ Ca(OH)2(aq) + Heat

Calcium oxide Water Calcium hydroxide

Solution of Ca(OH)2 is used for white wash the walls. Calcium hydroxide
reacts slowly with carbon dioxide in air to form a thin layer of calcium
carbonate on the wall which gives a shiny appearance to wall. Calcium
carbonate will form after two or three days of white wash.
 i. What is the chemical name of quick lime?

ii. When carbon dioxide is passed through lime water, what will be the
reaction?

iii. which reaction is formed when calcium oxide reacts vigorously with
water?

OR
A) what is a combination reaction?
B) Which is an endothermic reaction?
Ans. :
i. (a) Calcium oxide.
Explanation:
Calcium oxide (CaO) is quick lime.
ii. (c) lime water turns milky.
Explanation:
Ca(OH)2(aq) + CO2(g) −−→ CaCO3(s) + H2 O

Lime water Milky appearance

iii. (c) (I) and (III).

Explanation:
Calcium oxide (quick lime) reacts vigorously with water to produce calcium
hydroxide (slaked lime) releasing a large amount of heat. It is a
combination reaction.
CaO(s) + H2 O(l) −−→ Ca(OH) + Heat
2(aq)

Calcium oxide Water Calcium hydroxide

(Quike lime) (Slaked lime)

iv.
(b) Calcium hydroxide Calcium carbonate
Explanation:

v. (b) Combination of nitrogen and oxygen to form nitrogen monoxide.

 Explanation:
Combination of N2 and O2 to form NO is an endothermic reaction with
absorption of heat.
Heat

N2(g) + O2(g) −−→ 2NO(g)

2.

After seeing the above image answer the following questions.

i. What was the colour of the crystals before heating and after heating?
ii. Write the chemical equation for the reaction.
iii. Which pungent smelling gas is evolved during the reaction? What is the
nature of this gas?
or
Write the name of the solid substance formed.
Ans. : 1. Before heating: Pale green colour.
After heating: Reddish brown.
Heat

2. 2F eS O (s) ⟶ F e O (s) + S O (g) + S O (g)

4 2 3 2 3

[Link] smelling gas is sulphur dioxide, SO2 . It is a non-metallic oxide, hence

acidic in nature.
or
Ferric oxide or iron (III) oxide.
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