UNIT 4
CREATING SAFE ENVIRONMENT
NAME: ROSEDEEP SINGH
DATE: SUNDAY, FEBRUARY 12, 2024
1. Name and describe five features of a quality child-care program.
Answer: quality child program plays an important role for the growth and
development in child as it is the most program which supports all the aspects for
the growth of child and some of the quality child-care programs are listed below
“TEACHER QUALIFICATIONS: teachers are the key component of a quality
childcare program. Most the times it has been ignored and priority is given to
child safety, but it is really very important to predict the importance of childcare
program. If the teacher is well qualified and well organised, then she can better
care of children and happily spend more hours with them and they are more
engaged as compared to that teachers who don’t possess proper qualifications.
“STAFFING RATIOS” – Low teacher/ child ratios are one of the main features of
quality childcare program. Every 7-8 children who are in the age between 3 to 6
years require one full time teacher as per the ideal condition and if the child
under 2 years of age, then usually one full-time teacher is required of 3-4
children.
“GROUP SIZE AND COMPOSITION”- A group size composition is mainly based on
available spaces, ages, special needs of students and number of teachers
enrolled in and these things are clearly mentioned by the state laws or parents
who enroll their child in centers, they should be aware of these policies and have
proper knowledge of the composition. The quality of programs and the
educational philosophy should be clearly stated.
“ PROGRAMS AND CURRICULAM” – it is also an imperative feature of quality
child care program as it involves all plans for learning experiences and
opportunities that promotes all physical, cognitive, motor, social, emotional,
language or self care development as it design in such an attractive way from
which a child don’t lose their interest and It is the responsibility of child cares
teachers to listed all the activities according to schedule, So parents should know
which kind of activity their child is perform .
“Health services” – In order to maintain the quality of childcare program health
services are very important. Environment cleanliness, safety, emergency
responses, nutrition, health services these are must for about quality childcare
program. Staff should be aware and have adequate knowledge about emergency
first aid.
2. How does Environment affect a child’s growth and development?
Answer: Environment is a most important factor that affects a child growth and
development. Most of our physical, emotional, and physical features are cover by
environment. Here are some of points that shows how environment affect
growth and development of child.
Mass media: nowadays everyone is engaging in mass media, so it’s put a great
impact in our behaviour and children learn a lot of things through mass media.
Most of the movies on mass media impacts positively or negatively as it depends
on their choice of watching.
Education`: it helps to achieving a lot of knowledge as it is such a informative
source of learning because it carries a lot of ideas. Moreover, it helps to learn
cognitive skills that leads to be very helpful to understand the progress of world.
Apart from that it widens the academic and vocational skills among children.
Interpersonal relationships: A child in direct contact with family, friends,
caregivers and neighbours. He/she is having great influence of people around
them For example, if we talk about linguistic skills, if there parents use to speak
English in front of them than he speaks English and if we talk about their
behaviour, their behaviour is reflect according to their personality which depends
upon their daily lifestyle and their way of commuting with people everyday.
Culture: The tradition, belief and religious practices that children get exposed to
get, his/her core values.
3. Name three features that help to make an outdoor play yard safe for young
children.
Answer: It is very important to know that the outdoor play area should be design
safe. Playing equipment are buying according to the safety of children. Here are
some key points that should be considered while designing play area for a child.
Playground surface area should be well the same key points that should be
considered to make play area safe for children. Maintained: for children safety
playground area should be covered with sand, wood chips because most of the
time while playing children get fall into the ground, if the ground is cover with
sand or chips, there is no chance of injury.
Safety equipment: safety equipment’s should be durable, maintainable and safe
in case of children falls while playing. It is very important to ensure that the
equipment is according to the size of children.
Proper supervision: if a child is playing in a ground there should be proper
supervision, so if there any kind of miss happening occur, someone is there for
child safety.
[Link] have been several news items recently with regard to children being injured or
neglected in childcare centres.
• In BC, an infant was injured at a daycare centre. The parent was told when they
picked the child up that the child had fallen and injured their face.
• In BC, a child walked away from the daycare centre and was found dead in a
neighbouring pool; • In Manitoba, a child was left at a park during a field trip;
and
• In Quebec, a child was left outside in the rain and the parent discovered them
when they picked the child up.
What are the precautions an educator can take to ensure that these situations
do not happen, and how would you respond if a child was lost or injured while
you were in charge?
Answer: As child spend their most of the time school and childcare centers.
Educator and caregivers are the one who use to take care of child and child is
supposed to be do all activities under the supervision of care takers. The above-
mentioned injuries were happened because of negligence of caregivers, their
lack of attention leads mishappening, therefore it is really very important that
precaution should be taken by caregivers to ensure that these situations will not
be happen, here are some guidelines that educators should learn; these injuries
are not happened again.
Advanced planning: it is the responsibility of educators to plan all activities in
advanced for example, if a child is playing with any equipment, before giving an
equipment to child, they have to be made sure that playing equipment should be
safe for a child to play. While using swings they should be taught to hold on with
both hands and they always use to be made sure that the area of equipment
should be clean. .
Providing safety education: educators should be taught the children how to use
playing equipment’s and what things they suppose to do and don’t do while
playing with equipment. Apart from that, educators should never ignore the
safety steps because in most of the cases caregivers ignores the safety
protections and injuries are start happening.
Establishing safety policies: There should be proper establishment of all the
policies and all the children should be made aware about these policies for
example: they should be taught to look carefully before jumping-off to make sure
the area is clear of an object that is handover to child.
Maintaining high quality supervision: teacher should always supervise the
children properly. Their lack of attention leads children’s injuries For Example: if a
child is playing in a ground and he/she should do all activities under the
supervision of adult and if a child is playing with any toy, make sure that the
surface of toy is not sharp because most of the child is habitual of putting a toy in
their mouth, therefore maintenance is really very important.
In case of injury, the first responsibility of the educators and staff to provide first
aid immediately. For Example, if the injury is minor, the staff is to provide first aid
to a child and in case of any serious injury, we should call an ambulance first and
call their parents. In a situation if a child is lost, we would immediately call staff
members and tried to find them in nearby areas and we are unable to find them,
immediately report to police. The search team will be contacted, and we should
follow all the guidelines to report the incident.
5. What should be included in emergency supplies, and how can children be
prepared for an event like an earthquake or fire?
Answer: Emergency happens any time, therefore it is important to prepare for a
situation. It should be any natural disaster. For Example, flood, earthquake
another incident like fire. Children at schools and care centers should always be
prepared for such situations. Practising and rehearsing the fire drills monthly
helping in identifying and rectifying it beforehand. If they are doing practise than
teachers are more confident, and they always being prepared for any incident
and do not panic at that time when the incident suppose to be happened or if
the situation is arising children should be already familiar with relocation,
sheltering in place. The emergency supplies should include the following things:
1. blankets and extra clothes
2. non-perishable food
3. First aid kit
4. toys with small pieces, paper towels
5. For infants’ diapers and toilet papers
These all the necessary things that need at the time of emergency.
6. List some common choking hazards for young children, and the symptoms of
choking.
Answer: There are some certain foods and objects which are usually case of
choking in young children. For example, food like raw carrots, gummies, peanut
butter, grapes, popcorn and other nuts and most of the objects that leads
choking. Such as, buttons, toys with small pieces, paper clips, coin, magnets,
small balls and ballons. There are some incidents of choking are mention here.
1. Laboured breathing
2. Child are not able to speak.
3. Child becomes unresponsive.
4. Lips and nails turn blue.
5. A pitch sound when the child inhales These all incident requires instant
response because it is a life-threatening incident, and it is responsibility of
educators and all staff to make an arrangement for such a incident and
emergency first aid always be there if this situation arises.
7. Describe a first aid treatment necessary for an eye injury?
Answer: As there are some different types of eye injuries, some of the eye
injuries can be easily treated by teachers but it is the responsibilities of teachers
to call the parents and informed them about the injury, even it is not too serious,
so they can consult to doctor and the first aid treatment that should be given by
teachers are given below
1. Try to keep the children quiet.
2. If there is no bleeding in eye than try to apply cold pack on eye which helps to
reduce the pain and irritation
3. If child is unable to see and having a lot of pain than call for emergency aid
4. Better to inform the parents first so they can keep monitoring the child and
consult their family doctor.
5. It is better for childcare centers to report all the incident for the clearance.
Apart from above instruction, it should also advice the child that he/she does not
rub their eyes with hands, but it infected their eyeball and cause redness. If a
child feels very irritated than clean, soft bugs should be used to clean the dust
around eye.
REFERENCES
Marotz, L. R. (2020). Health, Safety and Nutrition for the Young Child. Boston,
MA: Cengage Learning