- A View is the asset that visualizes the data within an App.

Some might refer

to it as the "dashboard" or a particular "page" in an App. Each View is made
up of different components

- The Variant Explorer (also “VE” for short) is a View component that allows
you to discover all of the different ways in which the business processes flow
within your organization.

- Each of these unique ways is called a “variant”. In other words, a variant

represents objects that follow the same path and sequence of events within
your process.

- With the Variant Explorer, you can:

 Review variants individually.

 Compare multiple variants to one another.

 Review the variants with process metrics or the Key Performance

Indicators (KPIs) available in your dataset.

 Use the various filtering options

- filter your dataset to show you only the objects that go through this event.
- When you want to filter for a certain connection, you can always use the
built-in process flow filter from the top of the View

- Types of filters :

Knowledge Model filter : Filter Statement (PQL) for this KM filter is

View Predefined filter: When editing Studio View, you can configure
predefined filters for all users when the View is published and viewed
as an App. These filters can be configured by adding existing KM filters
to the View and / or by creating a custom View filter. You can add
multiple filters to your View, including multiple KM filters and custom
filters.
Tab Predefined filter : You can also add Knowledge Model filters to
individual tabs within a View, available in Views with two or more tabs.
These filters are not visible to the App users in a published App.
Component predefined filter : You can configure predefined filters for
individual components within your View, allowing you to either select
from an existing Knowledge Model filter or write a PQL statement for
the component.
To configure a predefined filter for a component, open the component
settings menu and click the Filter icon:
- Permissions:
Service Level Permission : Cross service in Celonis platform ,
everything in Studio
 Studio Space Permission : Use all packages (Viewer) - The user
can use all content in the granted Space from within Apps. The space
content isn't accessible via Studio.

Container level permission : Studio – Package Studio package

permissions
Within a Studio space, you can assign and manage the following package
permissions:
 Use package (Viewer) - The user can "use" the package they have
been granted in Apps.
 Edit package (Analyst) - The user can edit the package and create,
edit all assets within the package, they can't delete anything.
 Delete package (Analyst) - When checked alone, the user can only
see the Space they have been granted and can't do anything. This
permission must be combined with Edit Package to work.
 Manage permissions (Analyst) - When checked alone, this does
nothing other than show the space, with no packages shown. This
permission must be combined with Edit Package to

Object Level Permission : Studio - Package - View. For object level

permissions, each Service has its own permission system depending on
the object that you're assigning permissions to , also refer to Studio
package asset permissions
Within Studio packages you can create and manage Studio assets
(see: Asset types. For each Studio package asset, you can assign and
manage the following permissions:
 Use (Viewer) - The user can use the view they are granted permissions
to. They can also see the package the view is within.

Data Explorer uses Knowledge Models as the only source of data. If

your Data Model doesn’t have a Knowledge Model yet, we’ll automatically
generate one for you when you start creating Data Explorer.
The first stage when integrating your source systems with the Celonis
Platform is to create a data pool. A data pool is the main structural
element of your data integration workflow, acting as a container for your
data sources, data jobs, and monitoring.
Filter components are components with the specific function to apply
customized View filters. In edit mode, you can easily find them in the “Filter
components” category. Each filter component has its specific use and can be
configured accordingly. Therefore, it is up to you to build and position the
filter components appropriately for the business users.

Global filters are predefined “package filters” that you can apply using the
Knowledge Model. They are filters that have been applied to all
Knowledge Entities in the Knowledge Model. By extension, this means
all the assets connected to the Knowledge Model would also be affected by
global filters.

The interactive mode button (or holding SHIFT on your keyboard) allows
you to test your View before it is published, giving you the opportunity to see
if your filtering and View interactions perform as you expected.

Charts and tables

 Charts: Visually display data using line, bar, point, text, and lollipop
charts. See Configuring Charts in legacy views.

 Histogram: View your data as a histogram, showing the frequency

distribution of continuous variables. See Configuring a histogram chart
in legacy views.

 Sankey diagram: Display your data using a sankey diagram, a

visualization used to depict a flow from one set of values to another.
See Configuring a sankey diagram in legacy views.

 Table: Display your data in a configurable table. See Configuring

tables in legacy views.

 Treemap: Display your data as a treemap, which shows hierarchical

(tree-structured) data as a set of nested rectangles. See Configuring a
treemap in legacy views.

 Waterfall chart: Display your data using a waterfall chart, which

visualize positive and negative changes to a value. See Configuring a
waterfall chart in legacy views.

 World maps: Display your data based on geographical locations.

See Configuring a world map chart in legacy views.
 This is because the Process Explorer slider calculates the KPI using the cases
that flow through the two events in the edge, while the panel accounts for
the hidden events within the edge. This is more obvious when we expand the
graph to include the Remove Delivery Block event.

Process filters are used to refine and analyze specific aspects of a process by
filtering out unnecessary or irrelevant data. They help in focusing on
particular cases, time frames, events, or conditions within a process.

By enabling process filters within a View, App users can filter based on:

 Process flow filter: Select objects where an event is or isn't followed

by another, e.g., "Invoice sent" followed by "Invoice canceled".
See: Process flow filters.

 Event / activity filter: Select objects based on their flow through

specified events, such as objects starting with or including "Create
Order". See: Event / activity filters.

 Event / activity count filter (previously called 'rework filter' in

Analysis): Select objects where an event occurs less or more times
than a defined start and end threshold e.g. only objects where "Invoice
paid" happens more than once. See: Event / activity count filters.

 Throughput time filter: Select objects where the duration between

two events is faster/slower than specified, e.g., "Item sent" to "Item
received" in under 3 days. See: Throughput time filters.

==============================================
===========================

1. Navigating Celonis Studio

1. Q: What is the purpose of the Data pool in Celonis Studio?

A: It stores imported tables/pools ready for visualization. It ensures
data is available to create analyses.

2. Q: Where do you switch between the Model, Analysis, and Action Flow
views?
A: Use the navigation bar on the left side of Studio. Each tab
represents a work area.
 3. Q: How can you rename a View in Studio?
A: Click the View name header and choose "Rename." Type the new
name and save changes.

4. Q: What does the “Show variables” panel do?

A: It displays all global and sheet-level variables. You can edit, add
descriptions, and change values.

5. Q: How do you open the PQL editor for a table column?

A: Click on the column header, then select “Edit Query.” That toggles
the PQL editor.

2. Creating Studio Elements

6. Q: What is a “sheet” in a Celonis View?

A: A sheet is a page canvas inside a View, where you place charts,
tables, and filters.

7. Q: How do you add a filter component?

A: Drag the "Filter" widget from the left toolbox onto the sheet canvas.

8. Q: Can you have multiple filters of the same dataset?

A: Yes—each filter is independent unless you connect them or use
global variables.

9. Q: What is the use of KPIs within a View?

A: KPIs highlight critical metrics like totals or averages for quick
insights.

10. Q: How do you configure a KPI to show the total cases?

A: In the KPI settings, choose a PQL function like COUNTROWS for
"case_id" column.

3. Configuring Studio Settings

11. Q: How do you change a chart’s title and description?

A: Use the chart settings pane on the right to edit title and description
fields.

12. Q: What layout options are available in a View?

A: You can set grid spacing, sheet alignment, and responsive/resizable
behavior.
 13. Q: Describe how to lock elements during design.
A: Select elements then click "Lock" to fix position and size on the
canvas.

14. Q: What happens if you disable “auto-adjust size”?

A: Visuals won't automatically resize to fit; manual adjustment is
required.

15. Q: How is element width defined?

A: By grid columns; an 8-column width spans more space than a 4-
column width.

4. Building Charts & Tables

16. Q: How do you switch a table to bar chart view?

A: Click the chart icon in the table header and select "Bar chart."

17. Q: What is a pivot table useful for?

A: Summarizing metrics across two dimensions (e.g., month vs.
status).

18. Q: How would you display the average processing time?

A: Use AVG(timestamp_end - timestamp_start) in PQL and map result
into a KPI or chart.

19. Q: How can you color-code chart segments?

A: Use the "Color by" setting, choose column and palette inside chart
options.

20. Q: Explain using time-series charts.

A: Configure X-axis as time column and apply PQL aggregation like
SUM or AVG.

5. PQL Queries

21. Q: What is PQL?

A: Celonis’ Process Query Language, used to define logic for KPIs and
filters.

22. Q: Write a PQL expression to count unique orders.

A: DISTINCTCOUNT("order_table"."order_id")
 23. Q: How do you calculate cycle time in days?
A: DATEDIFF("case".end_event, "case".start_event, DAY)

24. Q: What is a derived column?

A: A temporary calculation defined via PQL in queries, not stored in the
model.

25. Q: How do you reference Knowledge Model fields in PQL?

A: Use double quotes: "KNOWLEDGE_MODEL"."Field Name"

6. Filters

26. Q: Difference between predefined and sheet-level filters?

A: Predefined filters apply across the View; sheet-level affect only one
sheet.

27. Q: How to set a filter to last 30 days?

A: Use a date filter with PQL: ... >= ADDDAYS(NOW(), -30)

28. Q: Combining filters with AND vs. OR?

A: Use "+" for AND, "|" for OR in PQL or combine in UI filter settings.

29. Q: How to allow users to input filter values manually?

A: Enable “Input variable,” then display text field or dropdown.

30. Q: What is a global filter?

A: It's a variable or filter applied across multiple sheets or even Views.

7. Process Explorer & Variants

31. Q: Purpose of Process Explorer?

A: Visualizes end-to-end process flow and frequency or time at each
step.

32. Q: How to highlight the longest path?

A: Use “Longest Path” toggle; it colors the route with maximum time
spent.

33. Q: What is Variant Explorer?

A: It groups cases by common process flow patterns ("variants").

34. Q: How do you display details for a single variant?

A: Click a variant row; it filters the process map accordingly.

35. Q: What is Case Explorer used for?

A: It shows detailed event-level data per case for deep-dive analysis.
8. AI Annotations & Process Copilot

36. Q: What is AI Annotation Builder?

A: It auto-generates narrative insights on charts (e.g., “This dropped
by 10%”).

37. Q: How do you enable AI annotations in a View?

A: Add the “AI Annotations” widget and link it to a target chart.

38. Q: What triggers Process Copilot?

A: It’s triggered by selecting a chart and clicking “Create Copilot.”

39. Q: Give an example of Copilot insight.

A: “Orders delayed above 5 days represent 30% of total.”

40. Q: What’s the benefit of using Process Copilot?

A: It provides auto-generated recommendations for next best actions.

10. Scenario-Based Analytics

46. Q: How would you identify overdue cases?

A: Create a filter: timestamp_end > timestamp_due and visualize
count by category.

47. Q: Define a KPI for average time per step.

A: Use AVG(DIFF_IN_MONTHS(start, end)) grouped by step type.

48. Q: How do you compare current vs. previous month?

A: Use PQL time comparison functions: IFF(…) or LAG(...).

49. Q: Visualize top 5 bottlenecks?

A: Use Process Explorer with longest paths or filter on high cycle times.

50. Q: How to export a chart for stakeholder presentation?

A: Click the export icon, choose PDF or PNG, and download.

Bar Charts:

 Best for: Comparing different groups or categories.

 Examples: Comparing sales figures across different regions,

comparing student performance by subject, comparing the number of
website visitors from different sources.
  Advantages: Easy to compare the values of different categories at a
glance.

 When to avoid: When dealing with many categories or long labels

(horizontal bar charts are better in these cases).

Line Charts:

 Best for:

Tracking trends or changes over time.

 Examples:

Tracking stock prices, monitoring weather patterns, observing patient

progress.

 Advantages:

Good for visualizing continuous data and showing how a variable changes
over time.

 When to avoid:

When comparing discrete values across categories (bar charts are better in
these cases).

Column Charts (Vertical Bar Charts):

 Best for:

Comparing values across categories, especially when the categories have

short labels.

 Examples:

Comparing MRR (monthly recurring revenue) added each month, comparing

product sales by quarter.

 Advantages:

Similar to bar charts but with vertical orientation, making them good for
comparing values when space is limited or labels are short.
- What does the analyst use to validate incoming data when use webhook ?
- By defining a data structure within the Action Flow
- What features should analyst implement between the router module and
subsequent module so route only goes to one path – Filter and
Condition logics
- Analyst is processing data in action flow contains Null data, to prevent
executing from break, they want allow scenario to run successfully , which
error handling module we should use.
o Ignore : tells Celonis to skip the module that produced the error
(the null data) and continue processing the rest of the Action
Flow. The overall execution status will be marked as "success" even
though a module was skipped.
o Resume: allows you to define substitute data for the null
values. When a module encounters null data, it will use the
substitute data you provide instead of failing
- What must be provide to Celonis webhook to make it possible for Celonis
to listen to incoming data? provide a unique URL generated by Celonis
and configure the data structure of the incoming payload
- How can a analyst automatically create new user in database with data
provided through webhook module ? -  Use HTTP Call Action to send a
POST request with the user data.
- A webhook receives data in the form of JSON payloads , what this payload
contain? Celonis webhooks support JSON format for incoming data and
validate it against a predefined data structure . If the validation is
successful, the data is either processed immediately or stored in a queue
for later processing, depending on the Action Flow settings
- In which HTTP modules does the analyst allow the input of credentials ?

o Make a Basic Auth request (Action Flow):

o This module is designed for basic authentication, where you directly
provide a username and password.
o Make a HTTP request (Action Flow) (On-Prem):
o This module is versatile and can be used with various authentication
methods, including basic authentication or other methods that require
credentials, depending on the target system's setup.
o Extractor builder authentication methods:
- When setting up a data connection, the "API Key Authentication" method in the
Extractor builder allows you to input the API Key, which can be An analyst need to
retrieve customer’s sales older number and delivery dates from a database , how? Celonis
Query Data
- How can analyst include templates or blueprint into action flow ? Import
blueprint in Edit mode; adding a template module in the editor mode
- Analyst need to automate creation of PO in SAP with help of RPA , what
action flow will look like? Get rows – Trigger RPA – Write back to
Celonis
- User would like to receive a Slack Notification each time an update made
to specific slide in presentation , how ? Watch Presentation module