Scribd
Upload
22 views4 pages

Group II Compound Solubility Trends

The document explores the solubility trends of Group II compounds, specifically carbonates, sulfates, chromates, and hydroxides, through a structured experiment. It details the reagents and apparatus used, along with a step-by-step procedure for testing solubility. Results indicate that while magnesium sulfate is soluble, the solubility of sulfates decreases down the group, and all carbonates, chromates, and hydroxides are insoluble.

Uploaded by

munenefrank225
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
22 views4 pages

Group II Compound Solubility Trends

The document explores the solubility trends of Group II compounds, specifically carbonates, sulfates, chromates, and hydroxides, through a structured experiment. It details the reagents and apparatus used, along with a step-by-step procedure for testing solubility. Results indicate that while magnesium sulfate is soluble, the solubility of sulfates decreases down the group, and all carbonates, chromates, and hydroxides are insoluble.

Uploaded by

munenefrank225
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

TITLE: SOLUBILITY TRENDS IN GROUP II COMPOUNDS

Aim: To demonstrate the trends in solubility of Group II carbonates, sulfates, chromates, and hydroxides.

Introduction

The periodic table organizes elements based on increasing atomic number, revealing periodic trends in

their properties. Elements within the same vertical column, called a group, share similar chemical and

physical properties due to their identical outer-shell electron configurations. Solubility, the ability of a

substance (solute) to dissolve in a solvent to form a homogeneous solution, is influenced by factors

including temperature, pressure, pH, and the chemical nature of the solute and solvent. This experiment

investigates the solubility trends of compounds formed by elements in Group II of the periodic table.

Reagents

1. 0.1M solutions of Mg2+, Ca2+ Ba2+, Pb2+.

2. 0.1M Sodium hydroxide

3. 0.1M Sodium sulphate

4. 0.1M Potassium chromate

5. 0.1M Sodium carbonate

6. Distilled water

Apparatus

1. Test tubes

2. Test tube racks

3. Teat pipettes
Procedure

1. Prepare four rows of four test tubes each.

2. Label the test tubes in each row as Mg2+, second as Ca2+, the third as Ba2+, and the fourth test as Pb2+

3. To a few cm3 of each of the solutions add using a teat pipettes a small amout of 0.1M sodium sulphate.

Note your results.

4. Repeat procedure three using sodium carbonate solution instead of sodium sulphate solutions. Note

your results.

5. Repeat procedure three using potassium chromate solution instead of sodium sulphate solutions. Note

your results.

6. Repeat procedure three using using sodium hydroxide solution instead of sodium sulphate solutions.

Note your results.

Results

Sulphates: Magnesium sulphate is soluble; Calcium sulphate is slightly soluble while Barium and Lead

sulphates are insoluble.

Carbonates of Magnesium, Calcium, Barium and Lead are insoluble

Chromates of Magnesium, Calcium, Barium and Lead are insoluble.

Hydroxides of Magnesium, Calcium Barium and Lead are insoluble.


Questions

1. Write balanced full and ionic equations for each reaction.


2. Briefly explain the solubility trends in group IIA.

The observed solubility trends in group IIA compounds can be explained by the relationship

between cation size and charge density. As you move down Group IIA, the cation size increases,

leading to a decrease in charge density. The lower charge density results in weaker attraction

between the cation and the anions in the compound, making it less soluble.

For example, the solubility of sulphates decreases as you move down the group (MgSO 4 > CaSO4 >

BaSO4 > PbSO4) due to the increasing size and decreasing charge density of the cations.

References

1. Mount Kenya University Laboratory Manual (provided source document)

You might also like