DETAILED LESSON PLAN FOR GRADE 8 MATH
I. Objectives
At the end of the lesson the students will be able to:
a) Define a linear equation in two variables.
b) Construct a table of values for x and y given a linear equation.
c) Draw the graph of a linear equation based on a table for x and y.
II. Subject Matter:
A. Topic: Linear Equations in Two Variables
B. Values: Cooperation and Activeness
C. Reference: Grade 8 Mathematics Learner’s Manual.
D. Material: Power point presentation, chalk, blackboard, and laptop
III. LEARNING PROCEDURE:
TEACHERS STUDENTS
A. Daily Routine
a. Prayer
Everybody please stand for
our prayer.
Dear Lord and Father of all, Thank
May I ask (name of student)
you for today. Thank you for how
to lead us in our prayer?
you provide for all of us. Your
protection and love, we thank you.
Help us to focus our hearts and
minds now on what we are about
to learn. Inspire us by Your Holy
Spirit as we listen and write. Guide
us by your eternal light as we
discover more about the world
around us. We ask all this in the
name of Jesus. Amen.
Good morning, Ma’am!
It’s nice to see you again
b. Greetings
Good morning class!
Thank you and you may now
take your sit.
c. Checking of Attendance
(Student will say present)
Let me check your
attendance. Say present as I
call your name
B. Review
Before we proceed to our new
lesson, who among you could
recall our topic from the
previous discussion?
Student raising their hands)
Yes (name of student)
Ma’am last meeting our topic was
Very good!
rectangular coordinate system
What was rectangular
coordinate system all about?
(Student raising their hands)
Sir rectangular coordinate
system known as Cartesian
Yes (name of student) Coordinate System named after
Rene Descartes. The history of this
is that Descartes was lying in bed
late one morning and saw a fly on
the ceiling above him. As he
watched the fly, he thought about
how the fly's location could be
described using the edges of the
room for reference.
Very good!
What can you find in Cartesian
Plane?
(Student raising their hands)
Yes (name of student Ma’am a cartesian plane is a
system used to locate points on
the plane. The plane consists of
horizontal x-axis and a vertical y-
axis. The plane also divides into
four sections called quadrants,
these are the quadrant I, II, III, and
IV.
Very good!
What is the sign of the four
quadrants?
(Student raising their hands)
Yes (name of student)
Ma’am quadrant I is both positive,
quadrant II is negative and positive
while quadrant III is both negative,
and quadrant IV are positive and
negative.
Now, are we all clear in the
Yes, ma’am!
rectangular coordinate system?
B. Motivation
Before we proceed to our
lesson, we will have an activity.
I have here a problem then we
will say orally.
In economics, there is a certain
law called law of supply and
demand. The law of supply
states that as the price
increases, the production of the
goods and services of the
suppliers also increases.
Let’s prove this theory with this
problem:
Mangoes are sold per piece by
a reseller. If a piece of mango is
sold for 7 pesos. How much will
you pay for 2pcs? 3pcs? 4pcs?
6pcs?
To solve for the solution, we
can use the table of values.
PIECES OF 2 3 4 6
MANGOES
COST (Y)
Let the pieces of mangoes as x and
the cost as y.
To solve the cost of mangoes, are we
going to do?
Yes (name of student)
Okay, correct!
For 2 pieces of mangoes,
what
is the total cost?
(Student raising their hand)
Yes (name of student)
Correct!
Ma’am let’s multiply 7 pesos by the
number of mangoes.
How about for 3 pieces
of
mangoes?
Yes (name of student) (student raising their hand)
Correct! Ma’am 21.
How about for 4 pieces
of
mangoes?
Yes (name of student) Student raising their hand)
Okay, very good! Ma’am 28
PIECES OF 2 3 4 6
MANGOES
(X)
COST (Y) 1 2 2 4
(Student raising their hand)
4 1 8 2
This is now the result Ma’am 42.
C. Presentation
The activity that we did is about
the relationship between the
number of mangoes and its
corresponding total cost. Each
mango costs Php 7.00. So, to
find the total cost, we simply
multiply the number of
mangoes by Php 7.00.
Translating that into the
mathematical statement we
have, y = 7x. This equation is
an example of a linear equation
in two variables which is our
topic for today.
When we say linear equation in
two variables it is written in the
form of ax + by + c = 0 where
a, b, and c are real numbers
and the coefficients of x and y,
for example, a and b
respectively are not equal to
zero.
The equation for our problem
earlier written as y = 7x can be
written in the form ax + by = c.
Thus, it is equivalent to 7x - y =
0.
The set of all points that satisfy
an equation is called the
solution of the equation. We
can show the solution set
through the graph of the line.
Thus, to graph an equation
requires plotting some points
that are solutions to the
equation.
Let us graph y = 7x using the
following points from the table
earlier.
(2,14), (3,21), (4,28), (6,42)
Who wants to graph the given
coordinates?
Yes (name of student) (Student raising their hand
Okay, very good!
What have you noticed on the
graph?
Yes (name of student) (Student raising their hand)
Correct! Sir, the graph is straight line
As we see on the graph, the
points form a solid line.
Therefore, the graph of any
linear equation in two variables
is a straight line.
Let’s have another example.
Graph the equation 2x + y = 4
For step 1, choose any three
values of x. As for this case, I
will decide the value. I choose -2, 0,
and 1.
For the step 2, find the
corresponding y value for each
and write the numbers in the
table of values.
What are we going to do now to
get the value of y?
Yes (name of student) (student raising their hand)
Very good! Ma’am to solve for the value of y,
we must substitute the given value
of x to the equation 2x + y = 4.
Who wants to find the values of
y?
(Student raising their hand)
Yes (name of student)
Ma’am for the first value of x which
is -2, we substitute it to the
equation 2x + y = 4 and to easily
compute for the value of y we will
arrange the equation into this y = -
2x + 4. So, by substituting the
values of x in the equation, the
values of y are 8, 4, and 2.
Let’s check if his/her answer is
correct.
For the first value which is -2,
let’s substitute it to the equation.
y = -2x + 4
y = -2(-2) + 4
y=4+4
y=8
For the second value which is 0,
let’s substitute it to the
equation.
y = -2x + 4
y = -2(0) + 4
y=0+4
y=4
For the third value which is -1,
let’s substitute it to the
equation.
y = -2x + 4
y = -2(1) + 4
y = -2 + 4
y=2
So, the answer of your
classmate is correct.
The table of values will be:
Values
X -2 0 1
y 8 4 2
Who wants to identity the ordered
pairs?
Yes (name of the student)
(student raising their hands)
Very good! Ma’am the ordered pairs are (-2,8),
(0,4), and (1,2)
Who wants to plot the points
on the graph and draw a line
through the points?
Yes (name of student) (student raising their student)
Okay, correct!
What have you noticed on
the graph?
Yes (name of student)
As we see on the graph, the
points form a solid line. Sir the graph is straight line
Therefore, the graph of any
Linear equation in two variables
Is a straight line.
Did you understand? Yes sir!
E. Application
Now, let’s have an activity.
In this activity, you are going to
solve for the value of y and give
all the coordinates and graph
it. Read and analyze the
problem before you answer.
After 10 minutes, we will check
your answer.
Did you understand? Yes, sir!
Gabriel Chris puts 10 pesos
every week in the school
savings bank. What will be his
savings every week until the 8th
week? Know your answer by
completing the table below.
Week 1 2 3 4 5 6 fl 8
(x)
Savings
(y)
(After 10 minutes check their
answer)
Who wants to give the correct
answers for the table?
Yes (name of the student)
(student raising their hands)
Week 1 2 3 4 5 6 fl 8
x
Correct! Saving 1 2 3 4 5 6 Fl 8
s (y) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Did you all get the same answers? Yes, sir!
Okay good!
How did you get the values of y?
Yes (name of student) (student raising their hands)
Very good! Sir by multiplying 10 to the
value of x.
Now, who can give all the
ordered pairs?
Yes (name of the student) (student raising their hands)
Correct!
Who wants to plot all the given
ordered pairs?
Yes (name of student)
Correct!
Ma’am the ordered pairs are
Who wants to plot all the given (1,10), (2,20), (3,30), (4,40), (5,50),
ordered pairs? (6,60), (7,70), (8,80), (9,90), and
(10,100)
Yes (name of student)
(student raising their hand
Correct!
Now, who can give the
equation?
(Student raising their hand)
Yes (name of student)
Sir the equation is y = 10x
Very good!
F. Generalization
For you to remember our
lesson, may I know again how
can we identify that an
equation is a linear equation in
two variables?
Student raising their hand)
Yes (name of student)
Sir, when we say linear
Very good!
equation in two variables it is
written in the form of ax + by + c
= 0 where a, b, and c are real
How about how can we graph a
numbers and the coefficients of x
linear equation in two variables
and y, for example, a and b
using a table of values?
respectively are not equal to zero.
Yes (name of student)
(student raising their hands)
Exactly! Very good!
Sir, to graph the equation,
choose three values for x and list
them in a table. Substitute each
value in the equation and simplify
to find the corresponding y-
Exactly! Very good! coordinate. Plot the ordered pairs
and draw a straight line through
the points.
G. Evaluation
Solve for the value of y and
graph 2x – 3y = 6 using the
table of values below.
X -3 0 3
Y
H. Assignment
Construct a table of values for x and y and draw the graph.
x = (-1, 0, 1, 2)
1. x + y = 5
2. 3x – 2y = 12
3. 4x – 5y = 15
Prepared by:
MERIOLE C. ROSELL
SST III
Noted:
MARIBETH E. ROSALES
School head