MAGNETIC CIRCUITS & 1-Ø TRANSFORMER
Q1. Give the analogy between electrical circuit and magnetic circuit.
Q2. Draw the Hysteresis curve. Explain and mark saturation, residual magnetism coercive force
and retentivity of material.
Q3. Explain the following: flux and its properties, Fleming’s right hand rule, Fleming’s left hand
rule and Lenz law.
Q4. Give the classification of single- p h a s e transformer on the basis of working as well as
construction with suitable diagrams.
Q5. Explain the working principle of transformer.
Q6. Derive the induced emf equation of a 1 phase transformer.
Q7. Draw the equivalent circuit of practical transformer. Also draw the equivalent circuit of
actual/practical transformer referred to primary and secondary side.
Q8. (i) Give the classifications of various type of losses occurred in transformer? How these can
beminimized.
(ii) Derive the condition for the maximum efficiency of transformer.
Q9. What are the properties of an ideal transformer? Draw the phasor diagram on no
load condition for ideal and practical trans former.
Q10. What do mean by voltage regulation? Find the conditions for zero voltage regulation and
maximum voltage regulation.
Q11. A 25 kVA single phase transformer has 250 turns on the primary and 40 turns on the
secondary winding. The primary is connected to 1500 V; 50 Hz mains calculate (a) primary
and the secondary currents on full load (ii) secondary emf (iii) maximum flux in the core
Q12. (i) A 40 kVA transformer has a core loss of 400 watts and full load copper loss of 800 watts.
If the power factor of the load is 0.9 lagging, calculate the efficiency of transformer at full
load, half load. Also find the maximum efficiency and corresponding load (KVA).
(ii) A 200 kVA transformer has an efficiency of 98% at full load. If the maximum efficiency
occurs at three quarters of full load, calculate the efficiency at half load. Assume pf of 0.8
at all loads.
Q13 A 30 kVA, 2000/200V, single phase, 50 Hz transformer has R1= 0.35 ohms, X1= 0.45 ohms
and R2= 0.035 ohms, X2= 0.02 ohms. (i) Find the equivalent resistance, reactance and
impedance of transformer referred to primary side and secondary side. (ii) Find total copper
losses (iii) Voltage regulation at 0.8 pf lagging and leading.
Q14. (i) A voltage v = 200 sin 314t is applied to the transformer winding in a no-load test. The
resulting current is found to be i = 3 sin (314 t – 60o). Determine the core loss and the
parameters of no load approximate equivalent circuit of transformer.
(ii) A 100 kVA, 2400/240 V, 50 Hz single phase transformer has an exciting current of
0.64 A and a core loss of 700 W, when its high voltage side is energized at rated voltage.
Calculate the components of no-load current and no-load branch parameters.
Q15. A 2000V/ 200 V, 20 KVA single phase transformer has primary resistance and reactance
1.5 Ω and 2 Ω respectively. The secondary resistance and reactance are 0.015 Ω and 0.02Ω
respectively. The no-load current of transformer is 1A at 0.2 power factor. Determine (i) Total
resistance, reactance and impedance of transformer referred to primary side (ii) Full load supply
current (iii) full load copper losses of transformer (iv) No-load circuit parameters (v) Efficiency
at 60% of load and 0.9 power factor. (vi) % VR at 0.9 power factor lagging and leading.
Q16. A, 4 KVA, 200/ 400 V, 50 Hz, single phase transformer gave the following test results:
OC-Test (LV side):200 V, 0.8 A,70 W
SC-Test (HV side): 7.5 V, 10 A, 50 W
(i) Calculate full load efficiency at 0.8 power factor.
(ii) Calculate the no load parameters.
(iii) Find the voltage regulation at 0.8 power factor leading.
Q16. Classify the various types of magnetic material.
Q17. A 25 kVA, 2200/220 V single-phase transformer has iron loss of 350 W and full-load copper
loss of 400 W. Calculate: a) Full-load efficiency at 0.8 pf lagging.
b) Load kVA at which efficiency is maximum.
Q18. A transformer delivers 10 kW at 0.8 power factor lagging. The voltage drops 40 V when full
load is applied. Calculate the percentage voltage regulation if the rated secondary voltage is 220 V.