The rejection of the Six-point Programme by West Pakistani leaders led to increased political tension and division between the two wings of Pakistan. It fueled perceptions in East Pakistan of being treated as a colony and intensified demands for autonomy. The program’s rejection and consequent portrayal of Mujib as a separatist created a significant rise in nationalist sentiment in East Pakistan, culminating in a mass uprising and eventually contributing to the country's path towards independence. The continued refusal to negotiate on these terms exacerbated unrest, leading to the 1971 liberation war .

The economic reforms proposed in the Six-point Programme aimed to alter the relationship between East and West Pakistan by ensuring greater economic autonomy for East Pakistan. These reforms included instituting separate fiscal and monetary policies, introducing dual currencies or safeguards to prevent the capital flight from East to West Pakistan, and granting East Pakistan control over taxation and revenue collection. Additionally, it proposed separate accounts for foreign exchange earnings and emphasized free movement of products between the regions, aiming to establish an equitable economic relationship and curtail West Pakistan's economic dominance .

The Six-point Programme addressed defense concerns by limiting federal control over defense matters, advocating only for a unified policy framework while proposing the establishment of a separate militia or paramilitary force for East Pakistan. This was strategic for ensuring regional security and autonomy, reflecting mistrust in West Pakistan's ability or willingness to protect East Pakistan's interests, especially considering the perceived neglect during conflicts such as the Indo-Pak War of 1965 .

Sheikh Mujibur Rahman sought support for the Six-point Programme by advocating it at national conventions and through publications such as the booklet titled 'Amader Banchar Dabi: 6-dafa Karmasuchi'. He managed to secure the backing of the Awami League and presented the programme at its council meeting. These efforts culminated in the general elections of 1970, where the Awami League received an absolute mandate from the people of East Pakistan, affirming widespread support for the Six-point demands .

The Tashkent Treaty, which ended the Indo-Pak War of 1965, influenced the creation of the Six-point Programme by exacerbating grievances in East Pakistan regarding economic disparity and neglect in national defense matters. Sheikh Mujibur Rahman and the Awami League leveraged these grievances to push for reforms that would address the central government's indifference and promote greater regional autonomy, thereby forming the basis for the Six-point demands .

The general elections of 1970 played a critical role in the context of the Six-point Programme as it provided a democratic platform for the people of East Pakistan to express their support for the proposed reforms. The landslide victory of the Awami League demonstrated overwhelming public endorsement of the Six-point demands, signifying a strong desire for autonomy and restructuring of political power within Pakistan. The election results intensified the political crisis as West Pakistan, under the leadership of Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto, refused to acknowledge the mandate, thus escalated tensions .

The dialogue between Sheikh Mujibur Rahman and Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto failed primarily due to fundamental disagreements on the distribution of power and autonomy proposed by the Six-point Programme. Bhutto's refusal to attend the National Assembly without prior settlement and the rigidity of both leaders on their respective positions led to a stalemate. Additionally, the political atmosphere was charged with mistrust and opposing visions for Pakistan's future, further complicating consensus. The army's decision to crack down on 25 March closed any further dialogue, dooming the negotiation efforts .

The Six-point Programme aimed to establish a true Federal structure in Pakistan with a parliamentary system based on universal adult franchise. It sought to reduce the economic and political disparity between West and East Pakistan by granting more autonomy to East Pakistan. This included limiting federal jurisdiction to only defense and foreign affairs, implementing separation in monetary systems and tax collection powers, and allowing East Pakistan to have its own paramilitary forces. Additionally, the programme proposed two separate foreign exchange accounts and advocated the internal free movement of goods between the two wings .

West Pakistani leaders viewed Sheikh Mujibur Rahman's Six-point Programme as a threat because it aimed to decentralize power drastically, which they interpreted as a step towards separatism and the disintegration of Pakistan. The Ayub government labeled Mujib as a separatist and initiated the Agartala Conspiracy Case against him, arresting and putting him on trial. These actions led to widespread agitation in East Pakistan and eventually to the mass uprising in early 1969, forcing the government to release him unconditionally due to public pressure .

The Agartala Conspiracy Case had a profound impact on Sheikh Mujibur Rahman's political trajectory and the Six-point Programme. Initially, it aimed to discredit him as a leader by portraying him as a conspirator against the state. However, the trial galvanized popular support for Mujib and his demands, turning him into a symbol of resistance and East Pakistan autonomy. The widespread agitation in response to his arrest revealed deep-rooted grievances and mobilized public opinion in favor of the Six-point Programme. Ultimately, the case and Mujib's subsequent unconditional release bolstered his political legitimacy and precipitated the mass movement towards East Pakistan's independence .