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Question 1

The document presents a problem involving a displacement-type cylinder powered by a hand pump, detailing the necessary calculations to determine the number of double strokes needed to extend the cylinder rod and the maximum load it can lift. It includes a circuit diagram and formulas for calculating rod volume displacement and maximum thrust. Additionally, it provides a second example of a telescopic cylinder used in a lorry, calculating the extend speed and pressure required for each stage.

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69 views2 pages

Question 1

The document presents a problem involving a displacement-type cylinder powered by a hand pump, detailing the necessary calculations to determine the number of double strokes needed to extend the cylinder rod and the maximum load it can lift. It includes a circuit diagram and formulas for calculating rod volume displacement and maximum thrust. Additionally, it provides a second example of a telescopic cylinder used in a lorry, calculating the extend speed and pressure required for each stage.

Uploaded by

ahmedmaxamed0954
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Figure 1.

8Displacement cylinders

Example 1.1
A displacement-type cylinder has a rod of 65 mm diameter and is powered by a hand pump with a
displacement of 5 mL per double stroke. The maximum operating pressure of the system is to be limited
to 350 bar. (a) Draw a suitable circuit diagram showing the cylinder, pump and any additional valving
required. (b) Calculate the number of double pumping strokes needed to extend the cylinder rod by 50
mm. (c) Calculate the maximum load that could be raised using this system.

Solution:
(a) The circuit diagram is given in Fig. 1.9.

Load

Non-return valve to hold load in the


position when the pump is not
operated
Figure 1.9
(b) The volume of rod displaced is equal to the volume of fluid entering the cylinder. Let the rod diameter
be d, the distance rod extends be L, the displacement per double stroke of pump be V and the number of
double pump strokes be S. Then
Rod volume displaced = Fluid volume entering
d2
  L V S
4

7
Substituting values given in the problem and showing units for each value we get
652
mm2 × 50 mm = 5 mL × S
4
652
 × 50 mm3 = 5S mL
4
The units on both sides of the equation must be the same.
Note:
1 mL = 1 × 103 L
1 L = 1 × 103 m3
1 mL = 1 × 106 m3
1 mm3 = 1 × 109 m3
Thus, for the dimensional equality
652
× 50 × 109 (m3 ) = 5× 106 (m3 ) ×S
4
652
or × 50 (m3 ) = 5× 103 (m3 ) × S
4
Therefore,
652  50
S= =33.17 double strokes
4  5 103
(c) We have
Maximum thrust = Pressure × Rod area
Substituting the values given into the problem and showing units we get
652  N 
Maximum thrust = 350 × 105 × × 106  2 ×m 2 
4  m 
652
= 35 × N = 116080 N = 116.080 kN
4

Example 1.2
A three-stage displacement-type telescopic cylinder is used to tilt the body of a lorry (Fig. 1.10). When
the lorry is fully laden, the cylinder has to exert a force equivalent to 4000 kg at all points in its stroke.
The outside diameters of the tubes forming the three stages are 60, 80 and 100 mm. If the pump powering
the cylinder delivers 10 LPM, calculate the extend speed and pressure required for each stage of the
cylinder when tilting a fully laden lorry.

Solution:
First-stage
First-stage diameter = 100 mm
Quantity flowing
First-stage speed =
Area

10 103  m3  4
 2  2 
= = 1.27 m/min
( / 4)  (0.1)  min m  

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