Chapter 3
SWOT analysis
Gathering information to help develop a strategy?
When making planning or developing a business strategy it is important to gather information.
A business can use variety of methods..
• The internal audit
• The external audit
Understanding SWOT analysis
• SWOT analysis is an analytical tool used by businesses to identify
o Internal strengths and weaknesses
o External opportunities and threats
An example of a SWOT analysis for a cafe business
An example of a SWOT analysis for a small cafe business showing its internal
strengths and weaknesses as well as external opportunities and threats
• Once a SWOT analysis has been completed by a business, decisions can be
made to improve performance
o Strengths should be harnessed
o Weaknesses should be eliminated
o Opportunities should be seized
o Threats should be mitigated
• Effective SWOT analysis can help senior managers to understand the current
business position so that appropriate strategic decisions may be made
Examples of factors considered in a SWOT analysis
STRENGTHS WEAKNESSES
• What the business is good at • What the business does poorly
For example: For example:
• Qualities that separate the business from o Ways in which the business lags
rivals behind competitors
• Internal resources such as skilled staff or a o Resource or capital limitations
particular innovation including labour and finance
• Possession of assets such as o Lack of a competitive advantage
capital, patents or intellectual property o Lack of a unique selling
• A loyal customer base proposition (USP)
• Effective leadership o Poor online presence
THREATS
OPPORTUNITIES
• Hazards that have the potential to
• Options a business may exploit to enjoy
damage business performance
further success
For example:
For example:
o New or emerging competitors
o Developing markets for specific
are gaining market share
products become apparent
o A changing legal or political
o Few competitors exist
environment negatively impacting
o A changing legal or political
on business processes and
environment positively impacts on
decisions
business processes and decisions
o Social or technological
o Social or technological
developments
developments create an emerging
threaten obsolescence of products
need for the businesses products
o Economic indicators becoming less
o Economic indicators becoming
favourable
more favourable
o Negative press coverage
o A potential for positive media
o Changing customer attitudes
coverage of the business
towards the business