Grade 9 Chemistry ___/ 50 Mark
Chapter 3 Bonding Time : 55 mins
1 Complete the diagram to show the electron arrangement in a chlorine atom.
Cl
[2]
[Total: 2]
2 (a) Name a radioactive element that is used as a source of energy in nuclear power stations.
........................................................................................................................................... [1]
(b) State one other industrial use of radioactive isotopes.
........................................................................................................................................... [1]
[Total: 2]
3 The structures of seven compounds or elements, A, B, C, D, E, F and G, are shown.
A B C D
H H H H H H
O C O P
H C C C H H C C C H H H
H
H H H H
E F G
H O
H C O H S
O O
H
State which structure, A, B, C, D, E, F or G, represents an element.
.................................................................................................................................................. [1]
[Total: 1]
2
4 Complete the dot-and-cross diagram to show the electron arrangement in a molecule of
phosphorus(III) chloride, PCl3. Show outer shell electrons only.
Cl P Cl
Cl
[2]
[Total: 2]
5 Complete the dot-and-cross diagram to show the electron arrangement and charges of the ions in
sodium oxide.
....... .......
Na O
.......
Na
[3]
[Total: 3]
3
6 A carboxylic acid Y has the structure shown.
H C O H
Complete the dot-and-cross diagram to show the arrangement of electrons in a molecule of carboxylic
acid Y.
H C O H
.
[3]
[Total: 3]
7 This question is about nitrogen.
Nitrogen molecules have the formula N2.
Some properties of nitrogen are shown:
• melting point of −210 °C
• boiling point of −196 °C
• non-conductor of electricity when solid
• insoluble in water.
(a) Name the type of bonding between the atoms in an N2 molecule.
........................................................................................................................................... [1]
(b) Explain, in terms of attractive forces between particles, why nitrogen has a low melting point.
...........................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................... [1]
(c) Explain why nitrogen does not conduct electricity.
........................................................................................................................................... [1]
4
[Total: 3]
8 Potassium is a Group I element.
Name and describe the bonding in potassium.
name ........................................................................................................................................
description ................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................................. [4]
[Total: 4]
9 Two isotopes of sulfur are shown.
32
16S
33
16S
Use your knowledge of protons, neutrons and electrons to answer the following questions.
(a) Describe how these isotopes of sulfur are the same and how they are different.
same .................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................
different .............................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................... [3]
(b) Explain why each of these isotopes have an overall charge of zero.
...........................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................... [1]
(c) Explain why both isotopes have the same chemical properties.
...........................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................... [1]
[Total: 5]
5
10 Describe the bonding in a metallic element such as copper.
You may include a diagram as part of your answer.
..................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................................. [3]
[Total: 3]
2+
11 Mg ions have the electronic structure 2,8.
2+
Give the formula of the following particles which have the same electronic structure as Mg ions.
• a cation (positive ion)
..................................................................................................................................................
• an anion (negative ion)
..................................................................................................................................................
• an atom
.................................................................................................................................................. [3]
[Total: 3]
6
12 Hydrazine, N2H4, is a compound that contains nitrogen and hydrogen.
Complete the dot-and-cross diagram to show the electron arrangement in a molecule of hydrazine.
Show outer electrons only.
H H
N N
H H
[2]
[Total: 2]
2−
13 Sulfide ions, S , have the electronic structure 2,8,8.
(a) Explain why sulfide ions have a charge of 2−.
...........................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................... [1]
(b) Give the formula of:
2−
an anion which has the same electronic structure as S .................................................
2−
a cation which has the same electronic structure as S ................................................... [2]
[Total: 3]
7
14 The structures of seven compounds or elements, A, B, C, D, E, F and G, are shown.
A B C D
H H H H H H
O C O P
H C C C H H C C C H H H
H
H H H H
E F G
H O
H C O H S
O O
H
State which structure, A, B, C, D, E, F or G, represents a compound that contains an atom of an
element in Group V of the Periodic Table.
.................................................................................................................................................. [1]
[Total: 1]
15 Complete the diagram to show the electron arrangement in a silicon atom.
Si
[2]
[Total: 2]
8
16 The structures of seven compounds or elements, A, B, C, D, E, F and G, are shown.
A B C D
H H H H H H
O C O P
H C C C H H C C C H H H
H
H H H H
E F G
H O
H C O H S
O O
H
State which structure, A, B, C, D, E, F or G, represents a substance that is used for cutting tools.
.................................................................................................................................................. [1]
[Total: 1]
17 Steel is an alloy of iron.
(a) Choose two substances from the list that are used in the conversion of iron from the blast
furnace into steel.
calcium oxide
carbon dioxide
hydrogen
nitrogen
oxygen
silicon(IV) oxide
sulfur dioxide
1 ........................................................................................................................................
2 ........................................................................................................................................ [2]
(b) State the meaning of the term alloy.
...........................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................... [1]
9
[Total: 3]
18 (a) Choose from the list the radioactive isotope used as a source of energy.
Draw a circle around your answer.
27 23 16 235
Al Na O U
[1]
(b) State one other industrial use of radioactive isotopes.
........................................................................................................................................... [1]
[Total: 2]
19 Deduce the number of electrons and neutrons in one atom of the isotope of nickel shown.
62
28Ni
number of electrons .................................................................................................................
number of neutrons .................................................................................................................. [2]
[Total: 2]
20 The structures of seven compounds or elements, A, B, C, D, E, F and G, are shown.
A B C D
H H
P
H C C H N N Cl Cl
Cl
H H
E F G
H H H H H H
O
H C C O H H H C C C C H
H H H H H
State which structure, A, B, C, D, E, F or G, represents an element that conducts electricity.
.................................................................................................................................................. [1]
[Total: 1]
10
21 Complete the diagram to show the electron arrangement in a calcium atom.
Ca
[2]
[Total: 2]