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Algebra II Group Theory Subgroup Problems

The document is a tutorial for Algebra II covering various group theory concepts. It includes problems related to subgroups, permutations, dihedral groups, symmetric groups, roots of unity, and elementary matrices. Each problem requires proving properties or computing specific group elements and structures.

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5 views2 pages

Algebra II Group Theory Subgroup Problems

The document is a tutorial for Algebra II covering various group theory concepts. It includes problems related to subgroups, permutations, dihedral groups, symmetric groups, roots of unity, and elementary matrices. Each problem requires proving properties or computing specific group elements and structures.

Uploaded by

dollohonkeya
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Algebra II - Tutorial 1 - Date: 17/1/2025

1. Let x, y be elements of a group G. Assume that x, y, xy are elements of order 2. Show


that H = {1, x, y, xy} is a subgroup of order 4.

2. A permutation that can be expressed as a even product of 2-cycles is called an even


permutation. Let An denote the set of all even permutations. Show that An is a
subgroup of Sn .

3. List all subgroups of the dihedral group D4 . Which of them are normal. Is it possible
to list all subgroups of Dn (n ≥ 3)

4. List all subgroups of the symmetric group S4 . Which of them are normal?

5. Let H = {1, x5 } be a subgroup of the dihedral group G = D10 :=< x, y : x10 = y 2 =


1, yx = x−1 y >. Compute all the left cosets G/H.

6. A n-th root of unity is a complex number z such that z n = 1. (A cyclic group is a


group generated by one element).

(a) Show that the n-th roots of unity form a cyclic subgroup of C? .
(b) Determine the product of all n-th roots of unity.

7. Show that the elementary matrices (Page 71 of Artin)


 
of first type, E1 = identity with a at position (j, i) and
 
third type, E3 = identity with c at position (i, i) generate GLn (R).

8. Show that elementary matrices of first type generate SLn (R) := {A ∈ GLn (R) :
det(A) = 1}.

9. (a) Let G = Sn . Use the row reduction method to show that transpositions generate
the symmmetric group Sn .
(b) Show that for n ≥ 3, three cycles generate the alternating group An .

1
 
A B
10. Prove that the set of all n × n matrices that have block form M =   with
0 D
A ∈ GLr (R) and D ∈ GLn−r (R) form a subgroup say H of GLn (R) and that the map
that sends φ : H → GLr (R) that sends M ∈ H to A ∈ GLr (R) is a homomorphism.
What is its kernel? (ker(φ) := M ∈ H : φ(H) = Ir×r ).

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