CA
Pakistan
BWCS
(BUSINESS WRITING AND COMPREHENSION SKILLS)
PRC-1
FOR NOVEMBER ATTEMPT
1-8 COMPREHENSION PASSAGES
(ICAP FEEDBACK)
SUMMARISED
BY SIR MUHAMMAD NAZIM
REVIEWED BY SIR ZOHAIB RASHID
1. Fruit flies
2. Science and religion
3. Diabetes
4. Stress and anxiety
5. Organic Food
6. Roll of Micronutrients
7. Severe weather
8. Women empowerment
Passage Multiple Choice Questions Solution (MCQs)
1. Fruit Flies
1. Question 1: In reading this passage, we learn that fruit flies
Correct Answer: C. II and III only
Explanation: The passage tells us that fruit flies can grow into adults within 8 days (II) and
that they are mostly harmless (III). It does not mention that they die immediately after
laying eggs.
2. Question 2: As used in paragraph 3, a nuisance is something that
Correct Answer: A. bothers you
Explanation: A 'nuisance' is something that is annoying or bothersome. The passage
describes fruit flies as annoying pests, meaning they bother you.
3. According to the passage, why should you not use pesticide spray to kill fruit flies?
Correct Answer: D. it can be dangerous to use them in your kitchen
Explanation: The passage warns that using pesticide sprays can spread harmful poison
around your kitchen, making it dangerous.
4. Based on the information in the penultimate (next-to-last) paragraph, we can
understand that the author thinks that
Correct Answer: B. some people do not like killing insects
Explanation: The passage suggests that after trapping the flies, you can either kill them or
release them outdoors, indicating that some people prefer not to kill insects.
5. What is the primary drawback of using pesticide sprays to eradicate fruit flies?
Correct Answer: D. They spread harmful poison in the kitchen
Explanation: The passage clearly states that using pesticide sprays will spread harmful
poison all over your kitchen, which is the primary drawback.
6. What are the two options provided for dealing with the fruit flies caught in the trap?
Correct Answer: B. Release them outdoors or keep them as pets
Explanation: The passage suggests you can either kill the trapped flies or release them
outdoors. The other options are clearly humorous and not realistic.
7. What is the expected outcome of the fruit fly trap described in the passage?
Correct Answer: C. The fruit flies will enter the trap but won't escape
Explanation: The passage explains that fruit flies will enter through the holes but will be
unable to fly back out, trapping them inside.
8. How should the plastic wrap covering the fruit fly trap be prepared to make it effective?
Correct Answer: C. Make it airtight and poke small holes in it
Explanation: The passage instructs to cover the bowl tightly with plastic wrap and poke
small holes in it to allow flies in but prevent them from escaping.
9. What is the first step recommended to prevent new fruit flies from finding food or
laying eggs?
Correct Answer: B. Store items in sealed containers
Explanation: The passage advises removing fruits and vegetables from the counter and
storing them in sealed containers as the first step to prevent new flies.
10. Why do most people want to eliminate fruit flies quickly despite the unlikelihood of
them carrying germs onto food?
Correct Answer: C. Due to their nuisance value
Explanation: The passage describes fruit flies as annoying ('a nuisance'), which is why
people want to get rid of them quickly.
2. Science and Religion
1: According to the passage, science and religion:
Correct Answer: C. Are supportive to each other
Explanation: The passage states that the notion of science and religion being contrary is
wrong and that both are complementary, meaning they support each other. This directly
supports option c.
2: Choose the word which is most nearly the same in meaning as the word 'flouted' as used
in the passage.
Correct Answer: A. Mocked
Explanation: 'Flouted' means to openly disregard a rule, law, or convention, which is closest
in meaning to 'mocked' as it implies showing contempt or ridicule.
3: Which of the following statements is not true in the context of the passage?
Correct Answer: D. Galileo and Bruno were disciples of Copernicus
Explanation: The passage mentions that these scientists were tortured for their ideas, but it
does not state that Galileo and Bruno were disciples of Copernicus, so this statement is false.
4: Why is it said in the passage that 'science emerged as a savior of mankind'?
Correct Answer: D. Man was bound in chains by religious orthodoxy
Explanation: The passage explains that religious orthodoxy suppressed progressive and
truthful ideas, and in this context, science emerged as a savior, offering a way out.
5: According to the passage, science and religion both:
Correct Answer: D. Employ different methods of enquiry
Explanation: The passage clearly mentions that science relies on observation and
experimentation, while religion relies on faith and intuition, indicating different methods of
enquiry.
6: Which of the following statements is true in the context of the passage?
Correct Answer: D. Regimental religion was replaced by scientific principles
Explanation: The passage discusses how religious orthodoxy was challenged and eventually
replaced by scientific thinking.
7: Why does man worship the force of nature?
Correct Answer: E. None of the above
Explanation: The passage states that early man worshipped natural forces because of being
overawed by them and recognizing their usefulness, not for any of the reasons listed in the
options.
3. Diabetes
1. According to the passage, what may be the most dangerous aspect of Type II diabetes?
a) Daily insulin shots are needed for treatment of Type II diabetes.
Incorrect: This is relevant to Type I diabetes, not Type II. Type II diabetes typically does not
require daily insulin shots.
b) Type II diabetes may go undetected and, therefore, untreated.
Correct: The passage notes that symptoms of Type II diabetes develop gradually and can be
difficult to identify, making it dangerous because it may remain undetected and untreated,
which can lead to serious health issues.
c) In Type II diabetes, the pancreas does not produce insulin.
Incorrect: In Type II diabetes, the pancreas produces insulin, but the body's tissues do not
respond properly to it.
d) Type II diabetes interferes with digestion.
Incorrect: The passage explains that diabetes interferes with how the body processes
glucose, not digestion itself.
2. Which of the following are the same for Type I and Type II diabetes?
a) Treatments
Incorrect: Treatments for the two types differ significantly. Type I diabetes requires insulin
injections, while Type II can be managed with diet, exercise, and medication.
b) Long-term health risks
Correct: The passage explains that both types of diabetes carry the same long-term health
risks, such as damage to the heart, blood vessels, eyes, kidneys, and nerves.
c) Short-term effects
Incorrect: The short-term effects of Type I and Type II diabetes differ, as Type I typically
causes more immediate issues due to the lack of insulin.
d) Causes
Incorrect: The causes of Type I and Type II diabetes are different. Type I is an autoimmune
condition, while Type II is related to insulin resistance.
3. According to the passage, one place where excess glucose is stored is the:
a) Stomach
Incorrect: The stomach is part of the digestive system and does not store glucose.
b) Insulin receptors
Incorrect: Insulin receptors help in the body's response to glucose but do not store glucose
themselves.
c) Pancreas
Incorrect: The pancreas produces insulin but does not store glucose.
d) Liver
Correct: The passage mentions that glucose not used immediately is stored in the liver,
muscles, or fat.
4. A diet dominated by which of the following is recommended for non-insulin-dependent
diabetics?
a) Protein
Incorrect: The passage recommends that only 12-20% of daily calories come from protein,
so it is not the dominant macronutrient.
b) Fat
Incorrect: The passage advises that no more than 30% of daily calories should come from
fat.
c) Carbohydrates
Incorrect: Although 50-60% of calories should come from carbohydrates, the passage
highlights raw, unpeeled foods as more beneficial.
d) Raw foods
Correct: Raw, unpeeled foods raise blood glucose less than cooked foods, making them
better for non-insulin-dependent diabetics.
5. Which of the following is the main function of insulin?
a) It signals tissues to metabolize sugar.
Correct: The passage explains that insulin signals tissues to burn glucose for energy.
b) It breaks down food into glucose.
Incorrect: The digestive system is responsible for breaking down food into glucose.
c) It carries glucose throughout the body.
Incorrect: Blood carries glucose, not insulin.
d) It binds to receptors.
Incorrect: While insulin does bind to receptors, this is not its main function.
6. Which of the following statements best summarizes the main idea of the passage?
a) Type I and Type II diabetes are best treated by maintaining a high-protein diet.
Incorrect: The passage does not recommend a high-protein diet specifically.
b) Type II diabetes is a distinct condition that can be managed by maintaining a healthy diet.
Correct: The passage emphasizes that Type II diabetes can be managed with a healthy diet,
exercise, and medication.
c) Type I diabetes is most harmful without insulin injections.
Incorrect: This is true, but the passage covers both types of diabetes, not just Type I.
d) Adults with Type II diabetes should adopt a high-carbohydrate diet.
Incorrect: The passage suggests a balanced diet, not a high-carbohydrate one.
7. Which of the following is mentioned in the passage as a problem with insulin receptors in
insulin-resistant individuals?
a) Overeating causes receptors not to function properly.
Incorrect: Overeating is not mentioned as the cause of malfunctioning insulin receptors.
b) There may be an overabundance of receptors.
Incorrect: The passage mentions there may be too few or defective receptors, not too many.
c) A defect causes receptors to bind with glucose.
Incorrect: The passage discusses insulin binding with receptors, not glucose.
d) A defect hinders receptors from binding with insulin.
Correct: A defect may prevent insulin receptors from binding with insulin, causing insulin
resistance.
8. According to the passage, in normal individuals which of the following occurs
immediately after the digestive system converts food into glucose?
a) The glucose is metabolized by body tissues.
Incorrect: This happens after insulin signals the tissues.
b) Insulin is released into the bloodstream.
Correct: The passage states that insulin is released after blood glucose levels rise.
c) Blood sugar levels rise.
Incorrect: Blood sugar rises before insulin is released.
d) The pancreas manufactures more insulin.
Incorrect: The passage does not mention increased insulin production.
9. Based on the passage, which of the following best describes people with Type I diabetes?
a) They do not need to be treated with insulin injections.
Incorrect: People with Type I diabetes require daily insulin injections.
b) They make up the majority of people with diabetes.
Incorrect: The majority of people with diabetes have Type II.
c) Their pancreas does not produce insulin.
Correct: In Type I diabetes, the pancreas does not produce insulin.
d) They are usually diagnosed as adults.
Incorrect: Type I diabetes usually begins in childhood.
10. What is the closest meaning of the word “offset” in the final sentence of the passage?
a) Counteract
Correct: "Offset" in this context means to counteract or balance the effects.
b) Cure
Incorrect: The passage does not imply a cure for diabetes.
c) Soothe
Incorrect: "Soothe" implies comfort, which does not match the meaning of "offset" in the
passage.
d) Erase
Incorrect: "Erase" suggests complete removal, which is not the same as "offset".
4. Stress and anxiety
1: Which of the following can result from long-term stress?
• Correct Answers:
o d) Depression
o f) Alcoholism
o Explanation: The passage mentions that long-term stress can lead to depression and
alcoholism. "Bliss" and "Whimsy" are not negative effects of stress and are therefore
incorrect.
• Why Other Options Are Incorrect:
o b) Bliss: Bliss is a state of happiness, which is not caused by stress.
o h) Whimsy: Whimsy refers to playful or fanciful behavior, which is not related to the
effects of stress.
2: Choose the best answer to explain how alcoholism is caused by stress.
• Correct Answer: a) Alcohol is used to relieve stress
o Explanation: The passage states that alcoholism can develop as a result of overusing
alcohol to try to relieve stress.
• Why Other Options Are Incorrect:
o b) Alcohol is popular: While alcohol may be popular, this is not the reason it leads to
alcoholism due to stress.
o c) Alcohol is a chemical: This is a factual statement but does not explain how stress
leads to alcoholism.
o d) Alcohol is similar to medicine: Alcohol is not similar to medicine in the context of
relieving stress.
3: Which of the following is not caused by long-term stress?
• Correct Answer: a) Bloating
o Explanation: The passage does not mention bloating as a result of long-term stress.
It mentions addiction, anorexia, and alcoholism as possible outcomes of stress.
• Why Other Options Are Incorrect:
o b) Addiction: The passage mentions that addictions can develop due to stress.
o c) Anorexia: The passage states that anorexia can be caused or worsened by stress.
o d) Alcoholism: The passage clearly states that alcoholism can develop as a result of
stress.
4: Choose all of the answers that can complete this sentence: Stress can affect the
respiratory system by.
• Correct Answers:
o c) Causing asthma
o h) Causing breathing problems
o Explanation: The passage mentions that stress can lead to asthma and cause
breathing problems. "Class of carbon dioxide" (e) seems to be a typo; the correct
phrase should be "loss of carbon dioxide," which is mentioned in the passage, but
the options provided are confusing, so only the correct effects related to the
respiratory system should be selected.
• Why Other Options Are Incorrect:
o a) Causing stomach problems: This relates to the digestive system, not the
respiratory system.
o e) Class of carbon dioxide: This is incorrect terminology. The passage refers to "loss
of carbon dioxide" due to breathing too fast, not "class."
5: Symptoms of emotional stress include .
• Correct Answer: d) Feeling tired
o Explanation: The passage mentions that people suffering from stress often feel tired
all the time.
• Why Other Options Are Incorrect:
o a) Feeling joyous: Joy is not a symptom of stress.
o b) Feeling hungry: Hunger is not mentioned as a symptom of stress in the passage.
o c) Feeling thirsty: Thirst is not mentioned as a symptom of stress.
6: Which of the following is not a common problem caused by stress?
• Correct Answer: b) Anecdotal problems
o Explanation: "Anecdotal problems" refers to issues based on personal stories or
experiences, which is not related to stress. The passage discusses physical, mental,
and emotional problems caused by stress.
• Why Other Options Are Incorrect:
o a) Physical problems: The passage discusses physical health issues caused by stress.
o c) Mental problems: The passage mentions that long-term stress can lead to mental
health issues.
o d) Emotional problems: The passage discusses emotional stress symptoms, such as
anxiety and moodiness.
7: According to the essay, which of the following parts of the body does not have
physical problems caused by stress?
• Correct Answer: a) The arms
o Explanation: The passage discusses how stress affects the heart, lungs (respiratory
system), and stomach (digestive system), but it does not mention the arms.
• Why Other Options Are Incorrect:
o b) The stomach: The passage mentions that stress can cause stomach aches and
digestive problems.
o c) The lungs: The passage mentions that stress can lead to asthma and affect
breathing, which involves the lungs.
o d) The heart: The passage mentions that stress can increase pulse rate and cause
high blood pressure, affecting the heart.
5. Organic food
1: The word “Advocates” in line 2 is closest in meaning to which of the following?
• Correct Answer: a) Proponents
o Explanation: "Advocates" refers to those who support or promote something, which
is synonymous with "proponents."
• Why Other Options Are Incorrect:
o b) Merchants: Refers to people who sell goods, not necessarily advocates.
o c) Inspectors: Refers to those who examine something, not necessarily supporters.
o d) Consumers: Refers to people who buy goods, not necessarily advocates.
2: In line 4, the word “others” refers to
• Correct Answer: d) Products
o Explanation: The word "others" in the context refers to other food products,
contrasting with organic foods.
• Why Other Options Are Incorrect:
o a) Advantages: "Others" is not referring to advantages.
o b) Advocates: "Others" is not referring to people.
o c) Organic foods: "Others" contrasts with organic foods, so it cannot refer to them.
3: The “welcome development” mentioned in line 6 is an increase in
• Correct Answer: a) Interest in food safety and nutritional quality of the typical North
American diet
o Explanation: The passage mentions that the growing interest of consumers in food
safety and nutritional quality is a "welcome development."
• Why Other Options Are Incorrect:
o b) The nutritional quality of the typical North American diet: The passage talks
about interest in food safety, not an increase in nutritional quality.
o c) The amount of healthy food grown in North America: The passage does not
mention an increase in the amount of healthy food grown.
o d) The number of consumers in North America: The passage does not discuss an
increase in consumers.
4: According to the first paragraph, which of the following is true about the term
“organic foods”?
• Correct Answer: c) It has no fixed meaning.
o Explanation: The passage states that the term "organic foods" varies greatly in
meaning, implying it has no fixed definition.
• Why Other Options Are Incorrect:
o a) It is accepted by most nutritionists: The passage does not say that nutritionists
accept the term.
o b) It has been used only in recent years: The passage does not specify when the term
started being used.
o d) It is seldom used by consumers: The passage suggests that consumers are
increasingly interested in organic foods, not that the term is seldom used.
5: The word “unsubstantiated” in line 13 is closest in meaning to
• Correct Answer: d) Unverified
o Explanation: "Unsubstantiated" means not supported by evidence, which is closest
in meaning to "unverified."
• Why Other Options Are Incorrect:
o a) Unbelievable: This means something that is hard to believe, but it may still be
true.
o b) Uncontested: This means something that is not disputed, which is the opposite of
unsubstantiated.
o c) Unpopular: This refers to something not liked by many, which is not the same as
unsubstantiated.
6: The word “maintains” in line 18 is closest in meaning to
• Correct Answer: c) Preserve
o Explanation: In this context, "maintains" means to keep or preserve something, like
health or quality.
• Why Other Options Are Incorrect:
o a) Improve: "Maintain" does not mean to improve, but to keep at the same level.
o b) Monitor: This means to observe or check, not to maintain.
o d) Restore: This means to bring back to a former condition, which is not the same as
maintaining.
7: The author implies that there is cause for concern if consumers with limited
incomes buy organic foods instead of conventionally grown foods because
• Correct Answer: a) Organic foods can be more expensive but are often no better
than conventionally grown foods
o Explanation: The passage states that organic foods are more expensive and may not
provide better nutritional quality, which is concerning for those with limited
incomes.
• Why Other Options Are Incorrect:
o b) Many organic foods are actually less nutritious than similar conventionally grown
foods: The passage does not claim that organic foods are less nutritious.
o c) Conventionally grown foods are more readily available than organic foods:
Availability is not the primary concern mentioned.
o d) Too many farmers will stop using conventional methods to grow food crops: The
passage does not discuss farming practices as a cause for concern.
8: According to the last paragraph, consumers who believe that organic foods are
better than conventionally grown foods are often
• Correct Answer: f) Mistaken
o Explanation: The passage suggests that consumers may be misled or mistaken if
they believe organic foods are always better than conventional ones.
• Why Other Options Are Incorrect:
o e) Careless: The passage does not suggest that consumers are careless.
o g) Thrifty: The passage suggests organic foods are more expensive, which is not
thrifty behavior.
o h) Wealthy: The passage mentions that consumers with limited incomes might be
misled, not necessarily that they are wealthy.
9: What is the author’s attitude toward the claims made by advocates of healthy
foods?
• Correct Answer: d) Skeptical
o Explanation: The author expresses doubt and skepticism about the claims made by
advocates of organic foods, particularly because many of these claims are not
supported by scientific evidence.
• Why Other Options Are Incorrect:
o a) Very enthusiastic: The author is not enthusiastic about these claims.
o b) Somewhat favorable: The author is not favorable; rather, they are skeptical.
o c) Neutral: The author clearly expresses skepticism, not neutrality.
6. Role of Micronutrients
1: Type B malnutrition will be worse if:
• Correct Answer: c) Both (a) and (b)
o Explanation: The passage states that Type B malnutrition will be shown to be worse
if newer micronutrient groups such as essential fatty acids and flavonoids are
included in the surveys. This indicates that both (a) "Micronutrient groups are
included" and (b) "Fatty acids and flavonoids are included" are correct.
2: To know the ingredient that is exerting the benefit:
• Correct Answer: b) Test each ingredient individually
o Explanation: The passage explains that the classical approach requires testing each
ingredient individually to determine which one is exerting the benefit.
3: After analyzing each individual's status then:
• Correct Answer: c) Tailor a formula
o Explanation: The passage questions whether we need to analyze each individual's
nutritional status and then tailor a formula specifically for them, suggesting that this
is the next step after analysis.
4: National surveys reveal:
• Correct Answer: a) Malnutrition is common
o Explanation: The passage mentions that many national surveys reveal malnutrition
is common in developed countries, particularly Type B malnutrition.
5: The pharmaceutical model created:
• Correct Answer: c) Unhealthy dependency culture
o Explanation: The passage discusses how the pharmaceutical model has created an
unhealthy dependency culture, where people do not take responsibility for
maintaining their health.
6: To improve the general health of the nation:
• Correct Answer: c) Both (a) and (b)
o Explanation: The passage suggests that a comprehensive and universal program of
micronutrient support is probably the most cost-effective and safest way of
improving the general health of the nation, so both options are correct.
7: What does the classical approach say?
• Correct Answer: a) You must test each ingredient individually
o Explanation: The passage explains that the classical approach requires testing each
ingredient individually to determine which one provides the benefit.
8: Which of the following are the micronutrient groups?
• Correct Answer: c) Both (a) and (b)
o Explanation: The passage mentions essential fatty acids and flavonoids as examples
of micronutrient groups, so both options are correct.
7. Severe Weather
1. Question 1: What are the three necessary conditions for a thunderstorm to develop?
o Correct Answer: A) Moisture in the air, an approaching cold front or heated Earth's
surface, warm air rising
Explanation: The passage states that for a thunderstorm to develop, there must be
moisture in the air, an approaching cold front or heated Earth's surface sending
warm air up quickly, and warm air rising.
2. Question 2: How does lightning occur during a thunderstorm?
o Correct Answer: B) Opposite electrical charges separate inside storm clouds
Explanation: The passage explains that lightning occurs when opposite electrical
charges separate inside storm clouds and then flash towards Earth.
3. Question 3: What is the main cause of thunder during a thunderstorm?
o Correct Answer: B) Lightning heating the air
Explanation: Thunder is caused by the sudden burst of heat from lightning, which
heats the air around it and produces the noise known as thunder.
4. Question 4: What are the potential disasters associated with thunderstorms
mentioned in the passage?
o Correct Answer: B) Floods, fires caused by lightning, damage from hailstones,
tornadoes
Explanation: The passage lists floods, fires caused by lightning, damage from
hailstones, and tornadoes as potential disasters associated with thunderstorms.
5. Question 5: What is a tornado, as described in the passage?
o Correct Answer: C) A spinning mass of air over land that can destroy virtually
everything in its path
Explanation: The passage defines a tornado as a spinning mass of air over land that
can destroy almost everything in its path.
6. Question 6: What weather phenomenon is described as a combination of strong
winds and extremely low temperatures?
o Correct Answer: B) Blizzard
Explanation: The passage describes a blizzard as a combination of strong winds and
extremely low temperatures, often with heavy snowfall.
7. Question 7: How does a hurricane form?
o Correct Answer: B) Over warm ocean waters off the coast of the tropics
Explanation: The passage explains that hurricanes form over warm ocean waters off
the coast of the tropics, becoming a gigantic swirling mixture of air and water.
8. Question 8: What is the primary factor that determines the size and strength of a
hurricane?
o Correct Answer: C) Wind speed and warm ocean waters
Explanation: The passage mentions that hurricanes can grow large and strong due
to wind speed and warm ocean waters.
9. Question 9: What type of storm can cause people to become lost in the snow and
freeze to death?
o Correct Answer: C) Blizzard
Explanation: The passage describes how blizzards can cause heavy snowfall and
extreme cold, making it difficult or impossible to see and leading to people getting
lost and freezing to death.
10. Question 10: Why do hurricanes do the most damage to coastal cities?
• Correct Answer: C) Because they quickly lose strength as they move over land
o Explanation: The passage states that hurricanes do the most damage to coastal cities
because they are strongest when they hit the coast but lose strength as they move
inland.
8. Women empowerment
1: Women want to be empowered so that...
• Correct Answer: b) They can decide for themselves.
o Explanation: The passage emphasizes that women empowerment is about making
women capable of deciding for themselves.
2: Non-existent means same as...
• Correct Answer: d) Someone who is not present.
o Explanation: The term "non-existent" means something or someone that is not
present or does not exist.
3: How did women realize the need to be empowered?
• Correct Answer: d) All of the above.
o Explanation: The passage mentions that women were suffering because of men,
were not capable of deciding for themselves, and lacked voting rights—all of which
led to the realization of the need for empowerment.
4: The expression 'a breath of fresh air' means same as...
• Correct Answer: c) They experienced a refreshing change.
o Explanation: The expression "a breath of fresh air" is commonly used to describe
something new and refreshing, which the passage refers to as the impact of women
empowerment.
5: When women were empowered, they realized
• Correct Answer: b) Independence
o Explanation: The passage discusses how women empowerment helped women
realize their independence and the ability to make their own decisions.
6: The phrase 'a long way to go' implies...
• Correct Answer: b) A lot of hurdles to be overcome to gain empowerment.
o Explanation: The phrase "a long way to go" suggests that there are still many
challenges or hurdles to overcome in the journey toward complete empowerment.
7: Read the two opinions and then choose the right option.
• Correct Answer: b) Only opinion 1 is correct.
o Explanation: Opinion 1 is correct because historically, most countries, including
Western countries, have had periods where women were ill-treated. Opinion 2 is
incorrect because even Western countries have a history of gender inequality.
8: Women in India are in danger of honor killing" this means...
• Correct Answer: a) They are killed because they bring shame.
o Explanation: The passage states that women in India may face honor killings if their
families believe they have brought shame to the family.
9: Domestic violence is a major problem in India.
• Correct Answer: a) Women are exploited as if they are their property.
o Explanation: The passage mentions that in some regions of India, men treat women
as their property, leading to domestic violence.