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Q&A compiled by G ASRB -NET, SMS & STO -2023 (Plant Pathology-08) (Memory
Based Question Paper)
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ASRB - NET, SMS & STO – 2023 (Plant Pathology-08)
(Memory Based Question Paper)
1. Rice blast was first recorded from …………………………………..
a) India b) Japan c) China d) Philippines
Rice blast was first reported as “rice fever” from China by Ying-Shin in 1637, later from
Japan by Imochi-byo in 1704.
2. Which of the following is a pyrimidine fungicide……………………..
a) Bitertanol b) Kresoxy methyl c) Butrizol d) Etherimol
3. Induced systemic resistance (ISR) signalling molecules are…………………….
a) Jasmonic acid (JA) b) Ascorbic acid (ABA) c) Chloropicrin d) Particulate radiation
4. Systemic acquired resistance (SAR) signalling is activated through………………
a) Jasmonic acid (JA) b) Ascorbic acid (ABA) c) Ethylene (ET) d) Salicylic acid (SA)
5. Host specificity of plant pathogenic bacteria at pathovar level is determined by………………
a) hrp genes b) avr genes c) vir genes d) pat genes
Plant bacteria like Xanthomonas spp. inject effector proteins into plant host cells to elicit
disease via T3SS. These proteins can confer pathogenicity and/or dictates host specificity
(Lang et al. 2019, Front. Plant Sci.).
6. Anthracnose causing fungi………………..
a) Glomerella b) Elsinoe c) Colletotrichum d) Cercospora
Here except Cercospora, remaining all are anthracnose causing fungal genera. Glomerella
(Anamorph: Colletotrichum) is the most common anthracnose causing fungi while Elsinoe
ampelina cause anthracnose of grapes.
Q&A compiled by G.V. Ramesh and Divya Bhandhari, PAU, Ludhiana
7. Parts of microscope that is not related to optical lens………………………
a) Condenser b) Mirror c) Occular lens d) Body tube
8. Root stock responsible for the spread of citrus exocortis………………………
a) Citrus aurantifolia b) Citrus limonia c) Citrus reticulata d) Ponicirus trifoliatis
Ponicirus (Citrus) trifoliatis (Trifoliate orange) is an indicator plant for Citrus exocortis
which root stock helps in spread of the viroid through grafting.
9. Simple microscopic lens was discovered by………………………
a) Anton van Leeuwenhoek b) Zacharias and Hans c) Robert Hooke d) Anton deBary
10. Which of the following is not associated with powdery mildew………………………
a) Sphaerotheca b) Podosphaera c) Uncinula d) Sphaceloma
11. Which of the following diseases and their combinations are incorrectly matched ………….
a) Rice – Sheath blight - Rhizoctonia b) Barley – Karnal bunt – Tilletia
c) Sorghum – Ergot - Sphacelotheca d) Legumes – Charcoal rot – Macrophomina
Karnal bunt (Tilletia indica) of wheat also infects barley, rye and triticale. Ergot or sugary
disease of sorghum caused by Sphacelia sorghi. Whereas Head, grain and loose smut of
sorghum caused by Sphacelotheca reliana, S. sorghi and S. cruenta, respectively.
12. Which of the following viral diseases and vectors are incorrectly matched ………….
a) Fern leaf of tomato – Aphid b) cucumber green mottle mosaic – Aphid
c) – Whitefly d) Golden mosaic of French bean – Aphid
Bean golden mosaic virus (Begomovirus) transmitted by whitefly (Bemisia tabaci)
Q&A compiled by G.V. Ramesh and Divya Bhandhari, PAU, Ludhiana
13. Which of the following is incorrectly matched bacterial disease and their causal agent
a) Fuscous blight – Xanthomonas campestris pv. fuscans
b) Blight of pea – Pseudomonas syringe pv. pisi
c) Stalk rot of cabbage – Erwinia carotovora d)
Stalk rot of crucifers otherwise known as stem rot or watery soft rot is usually a fungal
disease caused by Sclerotinia sclerotiorum.
14. First bacterial disease discovered in India………………………
a) Bangle blight of potato b) Fire blight of pear c) Crown gall of apple d)
15. Which of the following is correctly matched pathogen and disease pair
a) Corn stunt – Phytoplasma b) Chrysanthemum stunt – Viroid
c) Pear decline - Spiroplasma d)
16. The PR-2 protein is associated with ………………………
a) Chitinases b) β-1,3-glucanases c) PR proteins d) Butyl methylase
17. First report of development of resistance is associated with which of following combinations
a) Systemic fungicide – Fungus b) Contact fungicide – Fungus
c) Antibiotic – Bacterium d) Virus vector – Insecticide
The first report of antibiotic resistance was recorded in 1940 (soon after discovery of
penicillin) in E. coli by producing penicillinase. It was way before the discovery of systemic
fungicides (oxanthins) by Von Schelming and Kulka in 1966. Benomyl resistance exhibited
by powdery mildew of cucurbits discovered in 1970s by Schroder and Providentii.
18. Which of the following is known as Kittleson’s Killer ………………………
a) Captafol b) Captan c) Karathane d)
Q&A compiled by G.V. Ramesh and Divya Bhandhari, PAU, Ludhiana
19. Ecology of the pathogen is related to ………………………
a) Life cycle of pathogen b) Element of Epidemic c) Environment d)
20. In plant disease control, protection of plants through fungicides comes under …….…………
a) Prophylactic measures b) Curative measures c) Therapeutant measures d) Rouging
21. In plant virus classification, highest level taxon is …….…………
a) Kingdom b) Phylum c) Order d) Family
22. Streptomycin is produced by …….…………
a) Streptomyces griseus b) S. aureofaciens c) S. venezulae d)
23. Which of the following is incorrectly matched regarding antibiotic and their mode of action
a) Penicillin – Penicillium notatum – Murein biosynthesis
b) Erythromycin – Streptomyces erythreus – 50s ribosomal sub unit
c) Bacitracin – Bacillus polymyxa – 30s ribosomal sub unit
d) Tetracyclin – S. aureofaciens – inhibit activity of aminoacyl t-RNA
24. Site of RNAi action in plants …….…………
a) Nucleus b) Cytoplasm c) Nucleolus d) Mitochondria
25. Which of the following is not a necrotrophic pathogen …….…………
a) Erysiphe polygoni b) Pythium c) Sclerotium d) Phytophthora
26. Switching mechanism in Ralstonia solanacearum between virulent and avirulent stages is by
a) hrp genes b) PhcA c) Avr genes d) vir genes
Q&A compiled by G.V. Ramesh and Divya Bhandhari, PAU, Ludhiana
27. Yellow disease of ginger is caused by …….…………
a) Pythium b) Phytoplasma c) Phytophthora d) Fusarium
In ginger, Fusarium yellows otherwise known as yellow disease is caused by Fusarium oxysporum f.
sp. zingiberi.
28. Number of rings present in flagellar apparatus of gram negative bacteria
a) Two b) Four c) Three d) One
29. AUDPC is calculated by takes into account the number of times the disease severity was
evaluated, the disease severity at each evaluation time and …………..….…………
a) Rate of epidemic b) Type of disease
c) Time duration of epidemic d) Disease progress curve
30. In AUDPC, ……..….. are used for comparison of epidemics by the same disease
a) Disease progress curve b) Rate curve c) Disease gradient curve d) Simulation curves
31. Resolving power (RP) of compound microscope is determined by
𝐖𝐚𝐯𝐞 𝐥𝐞𝐧𝐠𝐭𝐡 Wave length
a) 𝐑𝐏 = b) RP = Numerical aperture
𝟐 × 𝐍𝐮𝐦𝐞𝐫𝐢𝐜𝐚𝐥 𝐚𝐩𝐞𝐫𝐭𝐮𝐫𝐞
2 × Wave length Numerical aperture
c) RP = d) RP =
Numerical aperture Wave length
32. Resolution of Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM) is
a) 0.2 mm b) 120 nm c) 200 nm d) 0.01 nm
33. Magnification of Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) is 75,000 – 1,00,000 times
Q&A compiled by G.V. Ramesh and Divya Bhandhari, PAU, Ludhiana
34. Endospores of bacteria are resistant to temperature up to
a) 100 b) 110 c) 120 d) 130
35. Endospore which is biologically inactive and viable state of dormancy is called
a) Resting spore b) Cryptobiosis c) Endobiosis d) Exobiosis
36. Number of seeds produced by striga ranges between
a) 1,000-10,000 b) 20,000- 50,000 c) 50,000 – 5,00,000 d) 1,00,000 – 7,50,000
37. Hollow stem of cauliflower is due to
a) Excessive N application b) Boron deficiency c) Sulphur d) Phosphorus
38. Black heart of potato is caused by
a) Lack of oxygen b) Excessive sunlight c) d)
39. Which of the following is not due to high temperature
a) Apple scald b) Water core of apple
c) Blossom end rot of citrus d) Sun scald of fleshy fruits
40. Genus having dichotomously branching with acute angles and tapering pointed tips producing
sporangia
a) Plasmopara b) Peronospora c) Bremia d) Sclerospora
41. Principle of separation of molecules in electrophoresis is
a) Based on molecular weight b) Based electrophoretic potential
c) Molecules move towards electrodes d) Molecules move towards positive charge
42. Trap crop for Broomrape – Flax (Linseed)
43. Fly fungus is
a) Entomophthora b) Amanita muscarina c) Armillarea d)
Q&A compiled by G.V. Ramesh and Divya Bhandhari, PAU, Ludhiana
Entomophthora sp. (E. muscae) is commonly referred as Fly fungus, while Amanita
muscarina is known as Fly agaricus.
44. Pathogenicity determinants secreted through which type of secretion system
a) T3SS b) T1SS c) T2SS d) T4SS
45. Tobacco necrosis virus (TNV) is transmitted by Olpidium brassicae
46. Five kingdom classification was given by R. H. Whittaker
47. Black arm phase is associated with which disease
a) Angular leaf spot of cucurbits b) Angular leaf spot of cotton
c) Wilt of potato d)
48. Internally seed borne bacterial disease - Black rot of cabbage/crucifers
49. Which of the following is incorrect about plant viruses
a) Intercellular movement through plasmodesmata b) Only RNA as genetic material
c) Obligate intracellular d) Spread by insect vectors
50. Bdellovibro’s infects
a) Gram negative bacteria b) Phytoplasma c) Gram positive bacteria d) Gracilicutes
51. First registered bacterial bio agent is
a) Bacillus subtilis b) Pseudomonas fluorescens
c) Agrobacterium tumefaciens d) Agrobacterium tumefaciens K84
52. Structure of TMV molecules first observed using X-ray crystallography
a) W. M. Stanley b) G. Kausche c) F. C. Bawden d) Rosalind Franklin
53. In which part of seed, Karnal bunt of wheat present as seed borne infection
a) Embryo b) Seed coat c) Pericarp d) Endospore
Q&A compiled by G.V. Ramesh and Divya Bhandhari, PAU, Ludhiana
During flowering period, the sporidia produced from teliospores invade the floral tissues
and then enter developing seed to produce mass of black teliospores within the seeds
pericarp. When these teliospores liberated during harvest, the cycle begins again.
(Source: [Link] Karnal bunt – Plant health portal)
54. Hot water treatment is used for management of
a) Karnal bunt of wheat b) False smut c) Loose smut of wheat d)
55. Loose smut of wheat is a - Internally seed borne
56. Satellite particle satellite virus when
a) Co-infection of plant tissue along with helper virus
b) Nucleic acid molecules are distinct from helper virus
c) Able to encode its own coat protein
d) Able to multiply in plant cell with helper virus
Dependent viruses, satellite NAs, satellite viruses and virusoids etc. co-infect the plant
tissue, distinct from helper virus and depend on helper virus for multiplication and
transmission. But only satellite virus can able to encodes its own coat protein not the satellite
NAs and virusoids.
57. Phytoplasmas belongs to
a) Gracilicutes b) Firmicutes c) Tenericutes d) Actinomycetes
Phytoplasmas (Mollicutes) has been previously classified under Division: Tenericutes,
whereas in the latest classification, these are placed under Order: Acholeplasmatales of
Phylum: Firmicutes. (Hence, the answer to this Q is depends on which classification, the
examiner is following. On an official note, he should follow the latest classification)
58. Father of Indian plant pathology
Q&A compiled by G.V. Ramesh and Divya Bhandhari, PAU, Ludhiana
a) E.J. Butler b) J. G. Kuhn c) B.B. Mundukur d)
59. First text book of Plant Pathology in India written by
a) B.B. Mundukur b) E.J. Butler c) J. G. Kuhn d) Anton deBary
Although first text book related to Plant Pathology was written by Julius Kuhn in 1858 but
in University of Halle, Germany. While, “Fungi and Disease in Plants” written by E.J.
Butler in 1918 in India considered as first text book of Plant Pathology in India, followed
by “Fungi and Plant Diseases” written by B.B. Mundukur in 1949 in India
60. Race 2 of Ralstonia solanacearum is associated with
a) Bacterial wilt of Potato b) Moko/bacterial wilt of Banana
c) Bacterial wilt of Tomato d) Panama Wilt
61. Fusarium oxysporum associated with disease of banana - Panama Wilt of banana (F. o. f. sp.
cubense)
62. St. Anthony’s fire is associated with
a) Claviceps purpurea b) Fusarium c) Colletotrichum d)
63. Common scab of potato is caused by - Streptomyces scabies
64. Branched mitochondrial cisternae is a characteristic feature of ………………………
a) Ramicristates b) Fonticulida c) Heterolobosea d) Copromyxida
According to Kirk et al. (2008), based on the shape of mitochondrial cristae, the slime moulds
are divided in to five lineages viz., Ramicristates (branched m. c.), Fonticulida (plate-like m.
c.), Heterolobosea (flattened m. c.), Copromyxida (tubular m. c.) and Plasmodiophorids
(cruciform chromosomes).
65. Buck eye rot of tomato is caused by ………………………
a) Phytophthora b) Alternaria c) Septoria d) Ralstonia
Q&A compiled by G.V. Ramesh and Divya Bhandhari, PAU, Ludhiana
Buck eye rot of tomato is associated with three Phytophthora spp. namely, P. nicotianae var.
parasitica, P. capsici and P. drechsleri. Of which, P. parasitica is the major causal organism.
66. Which of the following is incorrectly matched pair regarding exotic disease introduced into
India
a) Leaf rust of coffee – Srianka b) Flag smut of wheat – Australia
c) Powdery mildew of rubber - Malaya d) Red gram sterility mosaic – Europe
Earliest record of Red gram sterility mosaic disease (SMD, also known as “Green Plague”) was
in 1931 from Pusa, Bihar and is endemic to South Asia. This disease is not known to occur
outside Asia.
67. Viroids are located in ………………………
a) Only mesophyll cells b) Mesophyll and vascular tissue
c) Only vascular tissue d) Only phloem tissue
68. Damping off of cashew nut seedlings is not associated with ………………………
a) Cylindrocladium b) Corticum (Pellicularia) c) Phytophthora d) Fusarium
In cashew nut, damping off is caused by Pythium spp., Phytophthora spp., Fusarium spp. and
Rhizoctonia solani whereas seedling blight is caused Pythium spp., Phytophthora spp.,
Fusarium spp. and Cylindrocladium scoparium. While, Corticum (Pellicularia) salmonicolor
causes gummosis or die-back/pink disease affecting main stems and branches.
69. Which of the following is incorrectly related to gerbera diseases ………….
a) Phyllody - Phytoplasma b) Powdery mildew – Oidium
c) Root rot - Pythium d) Foot rot – Fusarium
Q&A compiled by G.V. Ramesh and Divya Bhandhari, PAU, Ludhiana
Foot rot of gerbera is caused by Phytophthora cryptogea.
70. Alternative pathway for oxidation of glucose under stress
a) Glycolysis b) Pentose pathway c) Hexose pathway d) Krebs cycle
71. Etiology of club root of cabbage was established by
a) Robert Koch b) Adolf Mayer c) M.S. Woronin d) M. Beijerinck
72. Parenthesomes are present in
a) Oomycota b) Basidiomycota c) Zygomycota d) Myxomycota
73. Intercellular movement of virus in plants is through
a) Stomata b) Phloem c) Plasmodesmata d) Xylem
74. Spore produced by fusion of two morphologically similar gametangia is
a) Oospore b) Zoospore c) Sporangiospore d) Zygospore
75. Which of the following is not a host selective toxin
a) HC toxin b) Cercosporin c) T toxin d) AM toxin
76. Whiptail of cauliflower is due to
a) Molybdenum b) Calcium c) Sulphur d) Zinc
77. Tundu disease of wheat is the association of Clavibacter tritici and ……………………
a) Meloidogyne b) Heterodera c) Anguina tritici d)
78. Establishment of virus in field is most efficient when seed transmit virus present in
a) Seed coat b) Embryo c) Pericarp d) Endosperm
79. Pineapple smell in sugarcane is produced in
a) Red rot b) Sett rot c) Wilt d) Ring spot
Q&A compiled by G.V. Ramesh and Divya Bhandhari, PAU, Ludhiana
Sett rot of sugar cane, otherwise known as pineapple disease is caused by Ceratocystis
paradoxa. The name represents the split opened infected sets produce pineapple odour.
Whereas red rot of sugarcane exhibits sour alcoholic odour from infected canes.
80. The retrogressive evolution is related to
a) Parasite save energy and labour by retrogressive evolution
b) Parasite develop new strains by retrogressive evolution
c) Simple organisms originate from non-living molecules by retrogressive evolution
d) Eukaryotic cell is formed by retrogressive evolution
81. Most destructive phase of bacterial leaf blight of rice
a) Blight b) Kresek c) Vegetative phase d)
82. Which of the following conditions doesn’t come under endophyte
a) Organism colonizing internal tissue without causing disease
b) Organism colonizing internal tissue and preventing infection by pathogen
c) Organism colonizing internal tissue and give growth promotion
d) Organism forming special structures inside plant tissue
83. Peach leaf curl is caused by
a) Taphrina deformans b) T. maculans
c) T. ephiphylla d)
84. Members of deuteromycotina are
a) Holomorph b) Anamorph c) Teliomorph d) Heteromorph
85. Diseases caused by Mollicutes is
a) Citrus Exocortis b) Potato spindle tuber
Q&A compiled by G.V. Ramesh and Divya Bhandhari, PAU, Ludhiana
c) Cocout cadang cadang d) Coconut lethal yellowing
86. Organization for classification of Virus
a) ICTV b) APS c) Elsevier d) Springer
87. Antibiotic used for management of fungal pathogens
a) Kasugamycin b) Gentamycin c) Streptomycin d) Erythromycin
88. Hartig net is produced by
a) Ectomycorrhiza b) Endomycorrhiza c) d)
88. Multilines are
a) Same genetic basis of resistance
b) Possess horizontal resistance genes
c) Possess vertical resistance gene against different strains/races of pathogen
d) Different agronomic characters
89. Quarantine act passed in India
a) Destructive insect and pest act, 1914 b) Destructive insect and disease act, 1914
c) Pest and disease act 1914 d) Destructive insect and disease act, 1915
90. Microorganisms colonizing immediate vicinity of seed is
a) Cormosphere b) Spermosphere c) Fructosphere d) Phyllosphere
91. PTGS method is
a) RNA interference b) MAS c) QTL based selection d) Gene pyramiding
92. First book related to polluting environment
a) Silent Spring b) Plant Pathology c) Fungi and Plant Diseases d)
93. Slope of disease progress curve (DPC) is used to calculate
a) AUDPC b) Yield loss c) Epidemic rate d) Disease Progression
Q&A compiled by G.V. Ramesh and Divya Bhandhari, PAU, Ludhiana
94. Who gave the final blow to “theory of spontaneous generation” in Phytopathology
a) Robert Koch b) Anton deBary c) Louis Pasteur d) P.A. Michaeli
Germ theory of diseases was established by Louis Pasteur in 1850s and later extended by
Robert Koch in 1880s disproving miasma theory/ theory of spontaneous generation. Later
in 1950s, Anton deBary while working on etiology of late blight of potato has joined the
list by establishing “fungi are the cause, not the result of disease”.
95. Marker assisted selection (MAS) is
a) Helps in creating new resistant variety b) Increasing duration of resistance
c) Reducing the time of varietal development d) Increasing the level of resistance
96. Role of salts in nucleic acid extraction of viruses
a) Crystallization of nucleic acid b) Protein un-coating
c) Unpairing of nucleic acid d) Removal of extra nuclear material
97. Diameter of bacterial cell is 0.2-1.5 µm
98. Size of filamentous rod shaped viruses ranges ………………………
a) 12-500 nm b) 600-1000 nm c) 12-1000 nm d) 400-2000 nm
Rod shaped particles are categorised into rigid rod shaped (e.g. TMV) and filamentous rod
shaped (e.g. Closterovirus).
99. The rate of respiration in resistant plant varieties will
a) Increase b) Decrease
c) Increase initially and remains constant d) Increase initially and slowly decrease
Q&A compiled by G.V. Ramesh and Divya Bhandhari, PAU, Ludhiana
In resistant variety exhibiting HR, initially rate of respiration increase rapidly due to
oxidative burst and other immediate defence responses (which consumes a lot of plants
energy), later decline gradually after containing the pathogen.
100. Storage product of fungi is
a) Fat b) Glycogen c) Mycolaminarin d) Starch
101. Storage product of bacteria is
a) Glycogen b) Mycolaminarin c) β-hydroxy butyrate d)
102. Which of the following disease caused by Spiroplasma
a) Pear decline b) Phyllody c) Citrus stubborn d) Witches broom
103. Tentoxin, a cyclic tetrapeptide produced by Alternaria alternata
104. World Trade Organization (WTO) was established in
a) 2005 b) 1995 c) 2000 d) 1990
105. First plant resistant gene isolated was
a) Pto b) Hm1 c) Cf9 d)
106. Cell wall of oomycota majorly consists of
a) Chitin b) Cellulose c) Peptidoglycan d) Mycolaminarin
107. Sphaeroplast is present in
a) Gram negative bacteria b) Gram positive bacteria c) Mollicutes d) Viroids
108. Microcyclic rust consists of following stages
a) Uredospore + Teliospore b) Spermatia + aeciospores
c) Teliospores + Basidiospores d) Uredospore + Spermatia
109. S. B. Pruisner got Nobel prize in physiology and chemistry for discovery of prions
110. Elementary corpuscles are present in
Q&A compiled by G.V. Ramesh and Divya Bhandhari, PAU, Ludhiana
a) Fungi b) L-form bacteria c) Viruses d) Phytoplasma
111. Principle behind increasing temperature in soil solarization is
a) Penetration of solar radiation b) Greenhouse effect
c) Evaporation of water d) Trapping of heat using polythene sheets
112. Autoclave helps in sterilization works on principles of
a) Killing of micro-organisms by high temperature
b) Killing of micro-organisms by high pressure
c) By increasing boiling temperature of water d)
113. Foolish seedling disease in rice is – Bakane disease
114. Which of the following relates to the partial stem parasite
a) Convolvulaceae b) Scrophulariaceae c) Rafflesiaceae d) Orobanchaceae
[Link] of the following helps in transmission of viruses between plants
a) Striga b) Cyathea c) Orobanche d) Dodder
116. Coenocytic mycelium is present in
a) Oomycota b) Ascomycota c) Basidiomycota d) Deuteromycota
117. Taxon protozoa has been segregated from which group
a) Chromista b) Fungi c) Plantae d) Protista
In Whittaker’s 5 kingdom classification, Protozoans are placed in Kingdom – Protista,
which later in Carl Woese’s 6 kingdom/3 domain classification segregated into Chromista
& Fungi from K: Fungi and Protozoa & Protista from K: Protista (An Introduction to fungi
by H. C. Dube)
118. Fusarium is a
a) Holomorph b) Teliomorph c) Anamorph d) Heteromorph
Q&A compiled by G.V. Ramesh and Divya Bhandhari, PAU, Ludhiana
119. Ganoderma is associated with
a) Basal stem rot b) Bud rot c) Foot rot/root rot d) Stem bleeding
120. Bacterial secretion system common in gram negative bacteria
a) T2SS b) T3SS c) T4SS d) T1SS
121. Biovars of Ralstonia solanacearum are differentiated based on
a) Utilization of sugars b) Utilization of phosphate
c) Utilization of sugars and sugar alcohols d) Carbohydrate utilization
122. Nucleic acid content of viruses ranges
a) 60 - 95% b) 5 - 40% c) 30 – 90% d) 20 – 80%
123. Strobilurins, group of systemic fungicide were first extracted from
a) Wood rotting mushroom b) Streptomyces c) d)
124. The systemic fungicide (Carboxin) resistance in fungus is by modifications of
a) Succinic dehydrogenase b) Pyruvic dehydrogenase
c) β-tubulins d) Cytochrome oxidase
125. Image analysis of disease severity overtime is done by
a) Remote sensing b) Multispectral scanning c) GPS d) Geo……….
126. Haploid phase is alternates with diploid phase in life cycle of fungus is called as
a) Haplobiontic b) Diplobiontic c) Diploid d) Haploid
Q&A compiled by G.V. Ramesh and Divya Bhandhari, PAU, Ludhiana
In life cycle of fungus, if there is only one free living thallus, which is haploid or diploid it
is known as haplobiontic (long haploid somatic phase and short diploid phase)
E.g. Schizosaccharomyces octosporus.
If haploid thallus alternates with a diploid thallus, it is called Diplobiontic (long diploid
somatic phase and very short haploid phase). E.g. Saccharomyces ludwigii
127. Tyndallization process of sterilization refers to - Heating at 100oC for 15-20 minutes for 3
consecutive days
128. Envelop in enveloped viruses is made up of Lipid layer with glycoprotein
129. Type of disease progress curve formed for monocyclic diseases
a) Saturation curve b) Sigmoid Curve c) Bimodal curve d) Rate curve
130. Rate of inoculum increase for Late blight of potato 0.3 – 0.5 units/day
131. Vertical resistance is governed by Single gene (monogenic)
132. Khaira disease of rice is due to Zinc (Zn) deficiency
133. Headquarters of DPPQS is located at Faridabad
134. Oomycetes can be controlled through Metalaxyl
135. The word Quarantine comes from Italian word “Quaranta” meaning - Forty
136. Cross Protection is carried with
a) Attenuated virus b) Mild strain of same virus
c) Active strain of same virus d) Mild strain of different virus
137. Gene for gene hypothesis was proposed by Henry Herald Flor (1946)
138. The disease occurs irregularly in moderate form and confined to particular area is called
a) Endemic b) Pandemic c) Epidemic d) Epiphytotic
139. In aphid vector, multiplication of viruses in insect vector body is known as …………..
Q&A compiled by G.V. Ramesh and Divya Bhandhari, PAU, Ludhiana
a) Circulative b) Propagative c) Non-propagative d) Persistent
140. Vertifolia effect is due to breakdown of – Horizontal resistance
141. Multipartite nature of viruses helps in
a) Movement b) Multiplication c) Variability d) Transmission
Reassortment, otherwise known as pseudo-recombination, a form of virus variability which
is a process of genetic exchange occurs in viruses with segmented genomes to produce new
genetic combinations.
142. Viruses that infect fungi are known as – Mycoviruses
143. ……………………. Initiates synthesis of nucleic acid molecules in PCR by specific and
complementary pairing.
a) dNTPs b) Primer c) Taq polymerase d) Ribosomes
144. Quantity of spray in ultra-low volume spray
a) 5-50 lt b) 60-90 lt c) 80-100 lt d) 100-120 lt
145. Indian scientists initiated systematic study of fungi in India
a) B. B. Mundukur b) E. J. Butler c) K. R. Kirtikar d) Cunninghman
146. Genera which is not associated with rust
a) Phakapsora b) Ravenelia c) Cintractia d) Cerotelium
147. pH of acidic rain
a) Below 7.0 b) Below 6.6 c) Below 5.6 d) Below 4.6
pH of pure water is a neutral pH 7.0, the pH of normal, “unpolluted” rain is usually pH 5.6;
in other words, rain is already acidic. and only when the pH of rain or snow is below pH
5.6 is it considered acidic (acid rain) (G. N. Agrios, 2005)
Q&A compiled by G.V. Ramesh and Divya Bhandhari, PAU, Ludhiana
148. Which of the following disease/symptom is not caused/produced by Agrobacterium
a) Crown gall b) Hairy root c) Canker d) Twig gall
149. Fruit canker of guava is caused by
a) Pestalotiopsis psidi b) Cercospora psidi
c) Phomopsis psidi d) Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. psidi
150. Vascular wilt is a – Monocyclic disease/pathogen
Q&A were compiled, discussed in detail and presented here by:
Gutha Venkata Ramesh, PhD Scholar
Divya Bhandhari, PhD Scholar
Dept. of Plant Pathology, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana
Any suggestions for improvement of this memory based question paper can be diverted to
Rameshgutha02@[Link]. Efforts will be sincerely appreciated.
(Revised version will be updated in ResearchGate [Link]
Ramesh)
THANK YOU
Q&A compiled by G.V. Ramesh and Divya Bhandhari, PAU, Ludhiana
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