MODULE 3: GYMNASTIC

INTRODUCTION:

So graceful, so pure and dynamic. It’s one of the most flexible and agile sports around and it’s been in
the limelight for some time now, featuring some of the most famous athletes on the planet. But how well do
you really know your gymnasts? Take a deep breath, stretch for a while and enter our Gymnastics WORLD.

Gymnastics is a sport that includes physical exercises requiring balance, strength, flexibility, agility,
coordination, and endurance. The movements involved in gymnastics contribute to the development of the
arms, legs, shoulders, back, chest, and abdominal muscle groups. Alertness, precision, daring, self-
confidence, and self-discipline are mental traits that can also be developed through gymnastics evolved from
exercises used by the ancient Greeks that included skills for mounting and dismounting a horse and from
circus performance skills.

After successfully completing this module, you should be able to:

1. Define Gymnastic
2. Clarify the Term in Gymnastic
3. Make a video presentation of the Basic Positions where the most exercises begin in gymnastic

 PRE-TEST

MULTIPLE CHOICE

Direction: encircle the letter of your choice

1. Men's gymnastics was on the schedule of the first modern Olympic Games in

? a. 1896

c. 1864

b. 1986 d. 1846

2. Who developed the side bar, the horizontal bar, the parallel bars, the balance beam, and
jumping events

a. Aristotle c. Plato,

b. Friedrich Ludwig Jahn d. Johann Bernhard Basedow

3. The term "artistic gymnastics" emerged in the early 1800s to distinguish free-flowing styles from
techniques used in

a. Physical fitness training c. School training

b. Military training d. Arts training

4. Modern international competition has events for men and four events for women.

a. Five c. Eight

b. Six d. Four

5. The men's events are:

a. The rings, parallel bars, horizontal bar, side or pommel-horse, long or vaulting horse, and floor (or
free) exercise

b. The rings, parallel bars, horizontal bar, side or pommel-horse, long or vaulting horse

c. The rings, parallel bars, horizontal bar, side or pommel-horse

d. The rings, parallel bars, horizontal bar, side or pommel-horse, long or vaulting horse, floor, pole,
and flag

6. The women's events are the vaulting horse, , uneven bars, and floor exercise, which is
performed with musical accompaniment

a. Balance beam c. pommel-horse

b. Pull-up bars d. flag

7. This is the stunt used by performer to get of the apparatus

a. Press c. Held

b. Mount d. Dismount

8. is the application of steady pressure to a particular muscle in order to attain a desired

stretch

a. Press c. Held

b. Mount d. Dismount
DISCUSSION:

When studying and learning about the Gymnastic, I heard some stories of gymnast saying “ best days of my life
is when I engaged in this activities I felt I’m especial”, how they said that ?. They should be idolize for having
healthy lifestyle and having good body structure and also they have strong will to continue their dreams,
furthermore I am excited to discuss this to you !!! after learning about gymnastic and engage in the different
activities that gymnastic have ,you will see what gymnastic will do for you.

Before we begin promoting having healthy lifestyle by gymnastic here is my question, Are you ready? Let us
begin with the introduction of GYMNASTIC.

1. IN TRODUCTION OF PHYSICAL EDUCATION

Philosophical beginnings
Plato, Aristotle and Homer heartily advocated the strengthening qualities of gymnastic activity. The Greeks
believed symmetry between the mind and body was possible only when physical exercise was coupled with
intellectual activity.

REBIRTH
The term "artistic gymnastics" emerged in the early 1800s to distinguish free-flowing styles from techniques
used in military training. Gymnastic competitions began to flourish in schools and athletic clubs across Europe
and made a fitting return when the Olympic Games were revived in Athens in 1896.

History
Gymnastics was introduced in early Greek civilization to facilitate bodily development through a series of
exercises that included running, jumping, swimming, throwing, wrestling, and weight lifting. Many basic
gymnastic events were practiced in some form before the introduction by the Greeks of gymnazein, literally, "to
exercise naked." Physical fitness was a highly valued attribute in ancient Greece, and both men and women
participated in vigorous gymnastic exercises. The Romans, after conquering Greece, developed the activities
into a more formal sport, and they used the gymnasiums to physically prepare their legions for warfare. With the
decline of Rome, however, interest in gymnastics dwindled, with tumbling remaining as a form of entertainment.
Modern Gymnastics

In 1774, a Prussian, Johann Bernhard Basedow, included physical exercises with other forms of instruction at
his school in Dessau, Saxony. With this action began the modernization of gymnastics, and also thrust the
Germanic countries into the forefront in the sport. In the late 1700s, Friedrich Ludwig Jahn of Germany
developed the side bar, the horizontal bar, the parallel bars, the balance beam, and jumping events. He, more
than anyone else, is considered the "father of modern gymnastics." Gymnastics flourished in Germany in the
1800s, while in Sweden a more graceful form of the sport, stressing rhythmic movement, was developed by
Guts Muth. The opening (1811) of Jahn's school in Berlin, to promote his version of the sport, was followed by
the formation of many clubs in Europe and later in England. The sport was introduced to the United States by
Dr. Dudley Allen Sargent, who taught gymnastics in several U.S. universities about the time of the Civil War,
and who is credited with inventing more than 30 pieces of apparatus. Most of the growth of gymnastics in the
United States centered on the activities of European immigrants, who introduced the sport in their new cities in
the 1880s. Clubs were formed as Turnverein and Sokol groups, and gymnasts were often referred to as
"turners." Modern gymnastics excluded some traditional events, such as weight lifting and wrestling, and
emphasized form rather than personal rivalry.
Modern Competition
Men's gymnastics was on the schedule of the first modern Olympic Games in 1896, and it has been on the
Olympic agenda continually since 1924. Olympic gymnastic competition for women began in 1936 with an all-
around competition, and in 1952 competition for the separate events was added. In the early Olympic
competitions the dominant male gymnasts were from Germany, Sweden, Italy, and Switzerland, the countries
where the sport first developed. But by the 1950s, Japan, the Soviet Union, and the Eastern European countries
began to produce the leading male and female gymnasts.
Modern gymnastics gained considerable popularity because of the performances of Olga Korbut of the Soviet
Union in the 1972 Olympics, and Nadia Comaneci of Romania in the 1976 Olympics. The widespread television
coverage of these dramatic performances gave the sport the publicity that it lacked in the past. Many countries
other than the traditional mainstays at the time — the USSR, Japan, East and West Germany, and other
Eastern European nations — began to promote gymnastics, particularly for women; among these countries
were China and the United States.
Modern international competition has six events for men and four events for women. The men's events are the
rings, parallel bars, horizontal bar, side or pommel-horse, long or vaulting horse, and floor (or free) exercise.
These events emphasize upper body strength and flexibility along with acrobatics. The women's events are the
vaulting horse, balance beam, uneven bars, and floor exercise, which is performed with musical
accompaniment. These events combine graceful, dancelike movements with strength and acrobatic skills. In the
United States, tumbling and trampoline exercises are also included in many competitions.
Teams for international competitions are made up of six gymnasts. In the team competition each gymnast
performs on every piece of equipment, and the team with the highest number of points wins. There is also a
separate competition for the all-around title, which goes to the gymnast with the highest point total after
performing on each piece of equipment, and a competition to determine the highest score for each individual
apparatus.
Another type of competitive gymnastics for women is called rhythmic gymnastics, an Olympic sport since 1984.
Acrobatic skills are not used. The rhythmic gymnast performs graceful, dancelike movements while holding and
moving items such as a ball, hoop, rope, ribbon, or Indian clubs, with musical accompaniment. Routines are
performed individually or in group performances for six gymnasts.
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2. OBJECTIVES OF GYMNASTICS

1. To improve and maintain a physically fit body.

2. To improve efficiency of movement through grace, poise, dignity, form and rhythm

3. To enhance creativity through the exploration of new movements and movements combinations.

4. To improve courage, initiative, determination and perseverance.

5. To stimulate interest and enjoyment of gymnastics.

3. POSITION IN GYMNASTICS

1. ARC- is a position where the body is curved like an arc of a circle with the hip forward and the
head and trunk bent backward. Click link for video: Click link for video:

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2. DISMOUNT- is stunt used by performer to get of the apparatus

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 3. EXERCISE or ROUTINE – Exercise planned series of dance, skills, locomotors skill gymnastics and
tumbling skills performed with or without music.

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4. HELD or STATIC POSITION- these is position held for two seconds

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5. MOUNT- this stunts performed by a performer to go up on the apparatus.

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 6. PRESS- it is application of steady pressure to a particular muscle in order to attain a desired stretch.

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7. SCALE- is support on one leg that are extended forward and in a straight position

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8. SPLIT- is apposition where the legs are extended forward and backward in a straight position.

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 9. SPOTTER- is a person who helps a person to go about a skill for the first time.

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10. SPOTTING- is the act of helping a person to go about a skill for the first time

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11. TUCK- is a position where the head and knees in contact and the trunk is curved.

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4. BODY MOVEMENTS

 There are two types of body movements:

1. AXIAL MOVEMENTS- are movements done by a part of the body in stationary place.

a. Bend or Flex- to move the part of the body around a wide axis.

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b. Lift, Raise- to elevate a part of the body around wide axis.

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c. Stretch, extend, straighten- to lengthen a part of the body.

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d. Twist- to move a body around a long axis

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e. Circle – to move a body around a point.

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f. Swing – to move continuously from one point to the other.

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g. Turn, Rotate- to change direction to move around an axis

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2. LOCOMOTOR MOVEMENTS- are movements that bring the performer from one place to another.

The preparatory of locomotor movement:

a. Point- to touch the floor with the toes, the knees well extended.

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b. Step- to transfer weight from one foot to the other.

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c. Place- to touch the floor with the hole of the foot with slight body weight on it

d. Spring- to push off leg or legs in the air. It is combination of a bend on the knees and leg stretch.
TYPES OF LOCOMOTOR MOVEMENT

a. Walk- series of steps in all directions.

b. Run- is a walk with a longer stride and there is a push off by the foot to suspend the
body momentarily.

c. Hop- is a spring on one foot and land on the same foot.

d. Skip- is a step and hop at the same foot with count.

e. Leap- is to spring on one foot and land on the other foot.

f. Jump- is to spring on both feet and land on one or both feet.

 DIRECTION OF MOVEMENTS

1. Forward 5. Diagonal or Oblique

2. Sideward 6. Clockwise

3. Upward 7. Counter clockwise

4. Downward 8. Backward

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Now that you are aware of the five essential part of physical education, try to analyze which problem
is being referred.
A. Analyze the terms of Gymnastic base in the description, write your answer on the free space.

TERMS OF GYMNASTICS DESCRIPTION

1. A position that need two seconds before you move

2. Nephay wants to get off the apparatus what stunt Nephay will
be execute?

3. Series of dance and skills performed with or without music.

4. If Roselie helps performer for their performance specially during their first
try what is Roselie role ?
5. What is Orlen performed if his body is curved like an arc of a circle?
6. Steady pressure in a particular muscles in order to attain a desired
stretch.

7. Joms legs are extended forward and backward in straight position, what
stunt did joms performed?
8. Head and knees in contact and the trunk is curved.
9. Elvy want to go up in balance beam , what stunts will he do to get up in
the balance beam?
10. Meanne help the performer in their performance what have Meanne
done?
 B. Discuss the term of Gymnastic based on what you have learned.

Elaborate your answer.

ENRICHMENT ACTIVITY:

Make a Video presentation showing all types of STUNTS, perform at least two(2) example of every stunts.

Note: your performance will be graded base on the rubrics presented below.

Criteria 4 3 2 1

Exceeds Expectation Meets expectation Needs improvement Inadequate

Quality of the video was made in an Video was Video had little style or Video had no style or
video extraordinary style and presented in an voice voice
presented quality and voice interesting style and
voice Gives some new Gives no new
Very informative and information but poorly information and very
well-organized Somewhat organized poorly organized
informative and
organized
Performance & Virtually no moves, Few moves and Steps , moves and turn So many steps, moves
Mechanics turns, are incorrect very turns errors , are error show minimal and turns errors, no
Of the activities graceful and very graceful and of gracefulness and gracefulness and no
energetic energetic lack of energy energy at all

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