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Entrance Exam 2007-2008 Duration: 3 hours

MATHEMATICS

I-We are given an urn containing 5 red balls and 3 black balls and a weighted coin so that the probabilities
of tails and heads are proportional to 2 and 3 .
A player tosses the coin.
If the coin turns up tails, the player draws at random 2 balls from the urn .
If the coin turns up heads, the player draws at random 3 balls from the urn .
The player wins the game if all balls drawn from the urn are red .
Consider the events:
H : " the coin turns up a head " ; T : " the coin turns up a tail " and W : " the player wins the game " .
1- Prove that the probability p(H ) of the event H is equal to 0. 6 and calculate p(T ) .
2- Calculate p(W / H ) , p(W / T ) and p(W ) .
3- Calculate the probability of each of the following events :
A : " the coin turns up heads knowing that the player wins the game ".
B : " the coin turns up tails knowing that the player loses the game ".
4- Suppose in this part that the player repeat the game n times by replacing the drawn balls in the urn
after each drawing .
a) Calculate , in terms of n , the probability p that he wins the game at least once .
b) Determine the least value of the natural number n so that p  0.94 .

II- In the adjacent figure ABCD and ALPE are two direct squares.
 
Consider the rotation R  r ( A ; ) , the similitude S  s( D ; 2 ;  ) and their composition f  R  S .
2 4
1- Let O be the center of the square ABCD .
a) Determine f (C ) and f (O ) . Deduce the point A '  f ( A ) .
b) Prove that f is a similitude of center B whose ratio and angle P
are to be determined . E
c) Let L '  f (L ) . Prove that A ' L '  AP and plot L ' .
L
2- Let g  f  f  f         f .
  
n times A D
Determine the natural number n  2 so that g is a dilation ( homothetie ).
Determine the ratio of this dilation according to the values of n .
In what follows , refer the plane to the direct orthonormal system
( A ; u , v ) such that D( 5 ; 0 ) and suppose that L( 3 ; 2 ) .
B C

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3- a) Determine the affixes z1 and z 2 of B and E respectively .

z1  z 2
b) Calculate the affix z 3 of the mid point H of [DL ] and prove that is pure imaginary.
z3
c) Deduce that the median relative to [DL ] in triangle ADL is a height in triangle ABE .
4- a) Determine the complex relation of the similitude f .
b) Determine the affix of L ' and verify that A ' L '  AP .

III- A- Let (H ) be the hyperbola of equation x 2  y 2  4 .

1- a) Determine the vertices and the asymptotes of (H ) . Construct (H ) .
b) Determine the foci F ' and F ( x F  0 ) and the corresponding directrices (d ' ) and (d ) of (H ) .
2- Let P( x0 ; y 0 ) be any point of (H ) and (T ) the tangent line at P to (H ) .
(T ) cuts the asymptotes of (H ) at R and S . Prove that P is the mid point of [RS ] .

B- Let (S ) be the set of points of the plane deprived from the origin O .
Designate by f the mapping that associates to any point M ( ;  ) of (S ) the straight line ( )
of equation  x   y  4 .
1- Let ( ) and ( ' ) be the straight lines associated to two distinct points M and M ' of (S ) .
Prove that if ( ) passes through M ' then ( ' ) passes through M .
2- a) Prove that the straight line associated to the focus F is the directrix (d ) of (H ) .
b) Prove that if M belongs to (d ) , then ( ) passes through F and is perpendicular to (MF ) .
c) Prove that if M belongs to (H ) , then ( ) is the tangent to (H ) at M .
3- Let M be a given point on the directrix (d ) of (H ) .
a) Construct , on the drawn figure , the straight line ( ) associated to M .
b) Describe a geometric construction of the tangents to (H ) drawn through M .

2n x 1
IV- A- Let f be the function defined on ] 0 ;  [ by f ( x)   2 1 .
x2 x
1- a) Calculate the limits of f at the bounds of its domain of definition .
4(1  n x)
b) Prove that f ' ( x)  .
x3
2- a) Set up the table of variation of f .
b) Calculate f (1) and determine the sign of f (x) .
  For all t  [ e ;   [ , f (t )  1 (1)
c) Calculate f ( e ) . Deduce that : 
  For all t ] 0 ; e ] , f (t )  1 (2)

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e2
x
B- Let g and h be the functions defined on ] 0 ;  [ by g ( x)   f (t ) dt and h( x) 
e
 g ( x) .
e

1- a) Using the inequalities (1) and ( 2 ) proved in A-2-c) , prove that :

For all x in the interval ] 0 ;   [ , g ( x)  x  e .
2
b) Deduce that for all x in the interval ]0 ;  [ , h( x)  x  .
e
x
n t
2- a) Using integration by parts , calculate  2 dt where x  0 .
e
t
x
1 2n x
b) Deduce  f (t ) dt and prove that h( x)  x 
x

x
.
e

3- Let (C ) be the representative curve of h in an orthonormal system ( O ; i , j ) . ( Unit : 2 cm ) .

a) Determine an equation of the tangent (d ) to (C ) at the point of abscissa e .
b) Using the preceding parts , determine the relative position of (d ) and (C ) .
4- a) Calculate lim [h( x)  x] . Deduce that (C ) has an oblique asymptote (D) at   .
x 

b) Determine the point of intersection of (C ) and (D) .

5- a) Set up the table of variation of h .
b) Construct (D) , (d ) and (C ) .
c) Calculate the area of the domain bounded by (C ) , (D) and the lines of equation x  1 and x  e .
6- a) Prove that the restriction of h to the interval [1 ;  [ admits an inverse function h 1 .
b) The curve (C ' ) of h 1 admits a tangent (d ' ) parallel to (d ) . Determine their point of contact and
draw (d ' ) and (C ' ) in the same system as (C ) .

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Entrance Exam 2007-2008 Duration: 3 hours

Solution of Mathematics

Exercice 1

Elements of answers Notes

p(F ) and p(P ) are such that p( F )  3k , p( P )  2k and p( F )  p( P )  1 .
1 1 3 2
where k  , p( F )  and p( P )  .
5 5 5
If F is realized, the player draws at random 3 balls from the urn that contains 8 balls of
which 5 are red.
C3 5
Therefore, p( G / F )  53  .
C8 28
2
C52 5
p( G / P )  2
 .
C8 14
3 5 2 5 1
p(G )  p( F )  p(G / F )  p( P)  p(G / P)     
5 28 5 14 4
p(G  F ) p( F )  p(G / F ) 3
p( A )  p( F / G )    .
p(G ) p(G ) 7
2 1
3 
p(G  P ) p( P)  p(G  P) 5 7 12
p( B )  p( P / G )     .
p(G ) p(G ) 1 35
1
4
n
3
4a p  1   .
4
n
3
4b p  0, 94 ;    0, 06 ; n  9 ,77 .
4
The smallest value of n such that p  0, 94 is n  10 .

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Exercice 2
Elements of answers Notes
L'
P

E
f (C )  R  S (C )  R( S (C ) )
.
 R( B )  D
f (O )  R  S (O )  R( S (O ) ) L
. H
 R( A )  A A
1a All similitude preserves the mid- D
point. A'
O is the mid-point of [CA ] then,
A is the mid-point de [DA ' ] .
A ' is the symmetric of D with O
respect to A .

B C

  
1b f  R  S  Sim( A ; 1 ; )  Sim( D ; 2 ;  )  Sim(......; 2; ).
2 4 4

f (C )  D ; BD  2 BC and ( BC ; BD )  ( 2 ) , then, B is the center of f .
4

f ( L )  L ' and f ( A )  A ' , then, A ' L '  2 AL et ( AL ; A ' L ' )  ( 2 ) .
4
1c 
Or AP  2 AL , ( AL ; AP )  ( 2 ) . Therefore, A ' L '  AP .
4
 
f  Sim( B ; 2 ; ) then, g  Sim( B ; ( 2 ) n ; n ).
4 4

2 g is a homothetic if and only if, n  k . where n  4k with k  IN  .
4
 ( 2 ) n
if k is even
The rapport of g is  .
 ( 2 ) n if k is odd
3a z A  0 ; z D  5 ; z B  5 i ; z L  3  2 i and z E  i z L   2  3 i
z  zL
Let H be the mid-point of [DL ] ; z H  D  4 i .
2
3b

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z1  z 2 z B  z E 2  8 i
    2 i which is a pure imaginary.
z3 zH 4 i
z1  z 2 z B  z E z  zE
3c  . Therefore, B is a pure imaginary. Hence, ( AH )  ( BE ) .
z3 zH  z A zH  z A
The relative median to [DL ] of triangle ADL is a height of triangle ABE .
4a The complex relation of f is z '  (1  i) z  5 .
L '  f ( L ) and z L  3  2 i , then, z L '   4  5 i . A '  f ( A ) and z A  0 , then z A '   5 .
4b
z P  z L  z E  1 5 i then, z L ' z A '  1  5 i  z P  z A . Hence, A ' L '  AP

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Exercice 3

Elements of answers Notes

a  2 and the focal axis of (H ) is x ' x ; the vertices of (H ) are A( 2 ; 0 ) and A ' (  2 ; 0 ) .
The asymptote of (H ) are ( 1 ) : y  x and ( 2 ) : y   x

 

A1a F' F x
O

(d') (d)
S

A1b c  a 2  2 2 ; The focus of (H ) are F ( 2 2 ; 0 ) and F ' (  2 2 ; 0 ) .

a2
 2 ; The directory of (H ) are (d ) : x  2 and (d ' ) : x   2 .
c
P ( x 0 ; y 0 )  ( H ) ; (T ) : x0 x  y 0 y  4 ;
(T ) cuts ( ) at R and ( ' ) at S such that
A2
4 4 8x 0 8x 0
xR  and x S  . xR  xS  2   2x0 .
x0  y 0 x0  y 0 x0  y02
4

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P , R et S are aligned, then P is the mid-point of [RS ] .

The straight line associated at point M (  ;  ) is ( ) :  x   y  4 ;

B1 The straight line associated at point M ' (  ' ;  ' ) is ( ' ) :  ' x   ' y  4 .
If ( ) passes through M ' then,   '    '  4 , which that ( ' ) passes through M .

The straight line associated at focus F ( 2 2 ; 0 ) by equation 2 2 x  4 where

B2a
x  2 which is the directrix (d ) associated at focus F .

If M ( 2 ;  ) , ( ) : 2 x   y  4 ; ( ) passes through F .
B2b
MF ( 2 ;   ) is a normal vector of ( ) ; then, ( ) is a perpendicular at (MF ) .
If M (  ;  ) belong to (H ) , the equation of the tangent in M at (H ) is
B2c  x   y  4 which is the equation of the straight line ( ) associated at M .

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N
From B2b , the straight line ( ) (d)
associated at point M of (d ) is the
perpendicular in F at (MF ) .


B3a
M

O
F x

N'

The straight line ( ) associated at point M of (d ) cut the hyperbolic (H ) in N and N ' .
the straight line associated at point N of (H ) is the tangent (T ) in N at (H ) ( from B2b)
In addition, as the straight line ( ) associated at point M passes through N then, the straight
line (T ) associated at point N passes through M ( from B1) .
B3b
(MN ) is a tangent at (H ) passes through M and , the same , (MN ' ) is a tangent at (H ) passes
through M .
By construction the tangents at (H ) issues of M :
By attached M at F , draw the perpendicular in F at (MF ) cut the hyperbolic (H ) in
two point N and N ' . The straight lines (MN ) and (MN ' ) are the tangents at (H ) issues of M .

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Exercice 4
Elements of answers Notes
 1 n x 
A1a lim f ( x)   and lim f ( x)  lim  1  2  2 2   1
x 0 x   x  
 x x 
4(1  n x)
A1b f ' ( x)  .
x3

x 0 1 e + 
A2a _
f ' (x) + 0

f (x) 1/e 2 +1
_ 0 1

A2b f (1)  0 ; f ( x)  0 for x ] 0 ; 1[ and f ( x)  0 for x ]1 ;   [

f ( e ) 1 ;
If t  [ e ;   [ , f (t )  f ( [ e ;   [ )  [1 ; 1  e 2 ] .
A2c
If t ] 0 ; e ] , f (t )  f ( [ ] 0 ; e ] ) ]   ;1] .
x x
If x  [ e ;   [ , then, t  [ e ;   [ and f (t )  1 . Where,  f (t ) dt   dt  x  e .
B1a e e
x x
If x ] 0 ; e ] , then, t ] 0 ; e ] and f (t )  1 . where,  f (t ) dt   dt  x  e
e e

2
B1b For all, x of interval ]0 ;  [ , g ( x)  x  e then, h( x)  x  .
e

1  n x
x
n t 3
B2a  t 2
dt 
2 e

x
e

 2n t 1  2e
x x x x x
n t dt 1 n x
 f (t ) dt    t 2  t 2  1dt  2  t 2 dt   t 2   dt  e  x  x  2 x .
B2b e e e e e

e2
x
1 2n x
h( x ) 
e
  f (t ) dt  x  x  x
.
e

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2
B3a (d ) : y  x  .
e
2
B3b For all, x ] 0 ;  [ , h( x)  x  then, (C ) is above (d ) .
e

B4a lim [h( x)  x]  0 . The straight line (D ) of equation y  x is asymptotic at (C ) at  

x 

1  1 1 
B4b h( x)  x equivalent at n x   . then, (C )  ( D )   ( ; )
2  e e 
x 0 1 +
h ' ( x)  f ( x) h' (x)
_ 0 +
B5a + +
h(x)
0

y
(d')

(C')

(d)

(C)
B5b

O 1 x

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 
e e
1 n x
S   ( x  h( x) )dx   (
e
B5c 2 )dx  n x  n 2 x 1  2 unit of area  8 cm 2 .
1 1
x x

B6a h is continuous and strictly increasing on [1 ;  [ ;

Then, h admits an inverse function h 1 defined on [ 0 ;  [ .

B6b (C ' ) is the part of image (C ) correspond to x  [1 ;  [ by symmetry with respect to

(D ) .
The tangent (d ' ) parallel at (d ) is the image of (d ) by symmetry with respect to (D ) .
2
the point of contact of (d ) and (C ) is ( e ; e  ) , (d ' ) and (C ' ) is
e
2
( e ; e)
e

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