PMT

Paper 1: Pure Mathematics 1 Mark Scheme

Question Scheme Marks AOs

1(a) dy M1 1.1b
(i) 12 x3 24 x 2
dx A1 1.1b
d2 y
(ii) 36 x 2 48 x A1ft 1.1b
dx 2
(3)
(b) dy
Substitutes x = 2 into their 12 23 24 22 M1 1.1b
dx
dy
Shows 0 and states ''hence there is a stationary point'' A1 2.1
dx
(2)
(c) d2 y
Substitutes x = 2 into their 2 36 22 48 2 M1 1.1b
dx
d2 y
48 0 and states ''hence the stationary point is a minimum'' A1ft 2.2a
dx 2
(2)
(7 marks)
Notes:
(a)(i)
M1: Differentiates to a cubic form
dy
A1: 12 x3 24 x 2
dx
(a)(ii)
d2 y dy
A1ft: Achieves a correct 2
for their 36 x 2 48 x
dx dx
(b)
dy
M1: Substitutes x = 2 into their
dx
dy
A1: Shows = 0 and states ''hence there is a stationary point'' All aspects of the proof
dx
must be correct
(c)
d2 y
M1: Substitutes x = 2 into their
dx 2
Alternatively calculates the gradient of C either side of x 2
A1ft: For a correct calculation, a valid reason and a correct conclusion.
d2 y
Follow through on an incorrect 2
dx

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Question Scheme Marks AOs

2(a) Uses s r 3 r 0.4 M1 1.2

OD 7.5 cm A1 1.1b
(2)
(b) Uses angle AOB 0.4 or uses radius is (12 – ‘7.5’) cm M1 3.1a
1 2 1
Uses area of sector r (12 7.5)2 ( 0.4) M1 1.1b
2 2
= 27.8cm2 A1ft 1.1b
(3)
(5 marks)
Notes:
(a)
M1: Attempts to use the correct formula s r with s 3 and 0.4
A1: OD = 7.5 cm (An answer of 7.5cm implies the use of a correct formula and scores both
marks)
(b)
M1: AOB 0.4 may be implied by the use of AOB = awrt 2.74 or uses radius is
(12 – their ‘7.5’)
M1: Follow through on their radius (12 – their OD) and their angle
A1ft: Allow awrt 27.8 cm2. (Answer 27.75862562). Follow through on their (12 – their ‘7.5’)
Note: Do not follow through on a radius that is negative.

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Question Scheme Marks AOs

3(a) Attempts x 2
2
y 5
2
.... M1 1.1b

Centre (2, −5) A1 1.1b

(2)
(b) Sets k 22 52 0 M1 2.2a

k 29 A1ft 1.1b
(2)
(4 marks)
Notes:
(a)
2 2
M1: Attempts to complete the square so allow x 2 y 5 ....
A1: States the centre is at (2, −5). Also allow written separately x 2, y 5
(2, −5) implies both marks
(b)
2 2
M1: Deduces that the right hand side of their x ... y ... ... is > 0 or 0
2 2
A1ft: k 29 Also allow k 29 Follow through on their rhs of x ... y ... ...

Question Scheme Marks AOs

4
t 1 1
Writes dt 1 dt and attempts to integrate M1 2.1
t t

t ln t c M1 1.1b

2a ln 2a a ln a ln 7 M1 1.1b
7 7
a ln with k A1 1.1b
2 2
(4 marks)
Notes:
M1: Attempts to divide each term by t or alternatively multiply each term by t -1
1
M1: Integrates each term and knows dt ln t. The + c is not required for this mark
t
M1: Substitutes in both limits, subtracts and sets equal to ln7
7 7
A1: Proceeds to a ln and states k or exact equivalent such as 3.5
2 2

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Question Scheme Marks AOs

5 x 1 x 1 6
Attempts to substitute into y y 4 7 M1 2.1
2 2 ( x 1)
Attempts to write as a single fraction
(2 x 5)( x 1) 6 M1 2.1
y
( x 1)
2 x 2 3x 1
y a 3, b 1 A1 1.1b
x 1
(3 marks)
Notes:
x 1 3
M1: Score for an attempt at substituting t or equivalent into y 4t 7 +
2 t
M1: Award this for an attempt at a single fraction with a correct common denominator.
x 1
Their 4 7 term may be simplified first
2
2 x 2 3x 1
A1: Correct answer only y a 3, b 1
x 1

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Question Scheme Marks AOs

6 (a)(i) 10750 barrels B1 3.4

(ii) Gives a valid limitation, for example
The model shows that the daily volume of oil extracted
would become negative as t increases, which is impossible
B1 3.5b
States when t 10,V 1500 which is impossible
64
States that the model will only work for 0 t
7
(2)
(b)(i) Suggests a suitable exponential model, for example V Ae kt
M1 3.3
Uses 0,16000 and 4,9000 in 9000 16000e4k dM1 3.1b

1 9 M1 1.1b
k ln awrt 0.144
4 16
1 9
ln
4 16
t
A1 1.1b
V 16000e or V 16000e 0.144t

(ii) Uses their exponential model with t 3 V awrt 10400 barrels B1ft 3.4
(5)
(7 marks)
Notes:
(a)(i)
B1: 10750 barrels
(a)(ii)
B1: See scheme
(b)(i)
M1: Suggests a suitable exponential model, for example V Aekt , V Ar t or any other
suitable function such as V Aekt b where the candidate chooses a value for b.
dM1: Uses both 0,16000 and 4,9000 in their model.
With V Aekt candidates need to proceed to 9000 16000e4k
With V Ar t candidates need to proceed to 9000 16000r 4
With V Aekt b candidates need to proceed to 9000 16000 b e4k b where b is given
as a positive constant and A b 16000 .
M1: Uses a correct method to find all constants in the model.
A1: Gives a suitable equation for the model passing through (or approximately through in the
case of decimal equivalents) both values 0,16000 and 4,9000 . Possible equations for
the model could be for example
0.144t t 0.146t
V 16000e V 16000 0.866 V 15800e 200
(b)(ii)
B1ft: Follow through on their exponential model

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Question Scheme Marks AOs

7 Attempts
M1 3.1a
AC AB BC 2 i 3 j k i 9 j 3 k 3 i 6 j 4 k
Attempts to find any one length using 3-d Pythagoras M1 2.1
Finds all of AB 14, AC 61, BC 91 A1ft 1.1b
14 61 91
cos BAC M1 2.1
2 14 61
angle BAC 105.9 * A1* 1.1b
(5)
(5 marks)
Notes:

M1: Attempts to find AC by using AC AB BC

M1: Attempts to find any one length by use of Pythagoras' Theorem
A1ft: Finds all three lengths in the triangle. Follow through on their AC
2 2 2
AB AC BC
M1: Attempts to find BAC using cos BAC
2 AB AC

AB. AC
Allow this to be scored for other methods such as cos BAC
AB AC
A1*: This is a show that and all aspects must be correct. Angle BAC = 105.9

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Question Scheme Marks AOs

8 (a) ( .5) − . , ( ) ( ) . M1 1.1b

Change of sign and function continuous in interval
A1* 2.4
[3.5, 4] Root *
(2)
(b) f ( x0 ) 3.099
Attempts x1 x0 x1 4 M1 1.1b
f ( x0 ) 16.67
x1 = 3.81 A1 1.1b
y = ln(2x – 5) (2)
(c)
y 30 2 x 2

M1 3.1a

2
Attempts to sketch both y = ln(2x – 5) and y = 30 – 2x
2
States that y = ln(2x – 5) meets y = 30 – 2x in just one place,
therefore y = ln(2x – 5) = 30 – 2x has just one root f (x) = 0 has A1 2.4
just one root
(2)
(6 marks)
Notes:
(a)
M1: Attempts f(x) at both x = 3.5 and x = 4 with at least one correct to 1 significant figure
A1*: f (3.5) and f(4) correct to 1 sig figure (rounded or truncated) with a correct reason and
conclusion. A reason could be change of sign, or f (3.5) f (4) 0 or similar with f(x)
being continuous in this interval. A conclusion could be 'Hence root' or 'Therefore root in
interval'
(b)
f ( x0 ) 3.099
M1: Attempts x1 x0 evidenced by x1 4
f ( x0 ) 16.67
A1: Correct answer only x1 3.81
(c)
M1: For a valid attempt at showing that there is only one root. This can be achieved by
2
Sketching graphs of y = ln(2x – 5) and y = 30 – 2x on the same axes
2
Showing that f(x) = ln(2x – 5) + 2x – 30 has no turning points
2
Sketching a graph of f(x) = ln(2x – 5) + 2x – 30
A1: Scored for correct conclusion
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Question Scheme Marks AOs

9(a) sin cos

tan cot M1 2.1
cos sin
sin 2 cos 2
A1 1.1b
sin cos
1
1 M1 2.1
sin 2
2
2cosec2 * A1* 1.1b
(4)
(b) States tan cot 1 sin 2 2
B1 2.4
AND no real solutions as 1 sin 2 1
(1)
(5 marks)
Notes:
(a)
sin cos
M1: Writes tan and cot
cos sin
sin 2 cos 2
A1: Achieves a correct intermediate answer of
sin cos
M1: Uses the double angle formula sin 2 2sin cos
A1*: Completes proof with no errors. This is a given answer.

Note: There are many alternative methods. For example

1 tan 2 1 sec2 1 1
tan cot tan then as the
tan tan tan 2 sin cos sin
cos
cos
main scheme.
(b)
B1: Scored for sight of sin 2 2 and a reason as to why this equation has no real solutions.
Possible reasons could be 1 sin 2 1........and therefore sin 2 2
or sin 2 2 2 arcsin 2 which has no answers as 1 sin 2 1

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Question Scheme Marks AOs

10 sin( h) sin
Use of B1 2.1
( h)
Uses the compound angle identity for sin( A B) with A ,B h
M1 1.1b
sin( h) sin cos h+ cos sin h
sin( h) sin sin cos h+ cos sin h sin
Achieves A1 1.1b
h h
sin h cos h 1
cos sin M1 2.1
h h
sin h cos h 1
Uses h 0, 1 and 0
h h
sin( h) sin
Hence the limit h 0 cos and the gradient of A1* 2.5
( h)
dy
the chord gradient of the curve cos *
d
(5 marks)
Notes:

B1: States or implies that the gradient of the chord is sin( h) sin
or similar such as
h
sin( ) sin
for a small h or

M1: Uses the compound angle identity for sin(A + B) with A ,B h or

sin cos h+ cos sin h sin
A1: Obtains or equivalent
h
sin h cos h 1
M1: Writes their expression in terms of and
h h
dy
A1*: Uses correct language to explain that cos
d
sin h
For this method they should use all of the given statements h 0, 1,
h
cos h 1 sin( h) sin
0 meaning that the limit h 0 cos
h ( h)
dy
and therefore the gradient of the chord gradient of the curve cos
d

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Question Scheme Marks AOs

10alt sin( h) sin

Use of B1 2.1
( h)
h h h h
sin sin
sin( h) sin 2 2 2 2
Sets
( h) h
M1 1.1b
and uses the compound angle identity for sin(A + B) and
h h
sin(A – B) with A , B
2 2

Achieves sin( h) sin

h
h h h h h h h h A1 1.1b
sin cos + cos sin sin cos cos sin
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
h

h
sin
2 h
cos M1 2.1
h 2
2
h
sin
h 2 h
Uses h 0, 0 hence 1 and cos cos
2 h 2
2
A1* 2.5
sin( h) sin
Therefore the limit h 0 cos and the gradient of
( h)
dy
the chord gradient of the curve cos *
d
(5 marks)
Additional notes:

dy
A1*: Uses correct language to explain that cos . For this method they should use the
d
h
sin
h 2 h
(adapted) given statement h 0, 0 hence 1 with cos cos
2 h 2
2
sin( h) sin
meaning that the limit h 0 cos and therefore the gradient of the
( h)
dy
chord gradient of the curve cos
d

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Question Scheme Marks AOs

11(a) Sets H 0 1.8 0.4d 0.002d 2 0 M1 3.4

Solves using an appropriate method, for example

0.4 0.4
2
4 0.002 1.8 dM1 1.1b
d
2 0.002
Distance awrt 204 m only A1 2.2a
(3)
(b) States the initial height of the arrow above the ground. B1 3.4

(1)
(c) 1.8 0.4d 0.002d 2 0.002 d 2 200d 1.8 M1 1.1b

0.002 (d 100)2 10000 1.8 M1 1.1b

21.8 0.002(d 100)2 A1 1.1b

(3)
(d) (i) 22.1 metres B1ft 3.4

(ii) 100 metres B1ft 3.4

(2)
(9 marks)
Notes:
(a)
M1: Sets H 0 1.8 0.4d 0.002d 2 0
M1: Solves using formula, which if stated must be correct, by completing square (look for
2
d 100 10900 d .. ) or even allow answers coming from a graphical calculator
A1: Awrt 204 m only
(b)
B1: States it is the initial height of the arrow above the ground. Do not allow '' it is the height of
the archer''
(c)
M1: Score for taking out a common factor of 0.002 from at least the d 2 and d terms
M1: For completing the square for their d 2 200d term

A1: 21.8 0.002(d 100)2 or exact equivalent

(d)
B1ft: For their '21.8+0.3' =22.1m
B1ft: For their 100m

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Question Scheme Marks AOs

12 (a) N aT b log10 N log10 a log10 T b M1 2.1

log10 N log10 a b log10 T so m b and c log10 a A1 1.1b

(2)
(b) Uses the graph to find either a or b a 10intercept or b = gradient M1 3.1b

Uses the graph to find both a and b a 10intercept and b = gradient M1 1.1b

Uses T 3 in N aT b with their a and b M1 3.1b

Number of microbes 800 A1 1.1b

(4)
(c) N 1000000 log10 N 6 M1 3.4

We cannot ‘extrapolate’ the graph and assume that the model still
A1 3.5b
holds
(2)
(d) States that 'a' is the number of microbes 1 day after the start of the
B1 3.2a
experiment
(1)
(9 marks)

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Question 12 continued
Notes:
(a)
M1: Takes logs of both sides and shows the addition law
M1: Uses the power law, writes log10 N log10 a b log10 T and states m b and c log10 a
(b)
M1: Uses the graph to find either a or b a 10intercept or b = gradient. This would be implied by
the sight of b 2.3 or a 101.8 63
M1: Uses the graph to find both a and b a 10intercept and b = gradient. This would be implied
by the sight of b 2.3 and a 101.8 63
M1: Uses T 3 N aT b with their a and b. This is implied by an attempt at 63 32.3
A1: Accept a number of microbes that are approximately 800. Allow 800 150 following
correct work.
There is an alternative to this using a graphical approach.
M1: Finds the value of log10 T from T =3. Accept as T 3 log10 T 0.48
M1: Then using the line of best fit finds the value of log10 N from their ''0.48''
Accept log10 N 2.9
M1: Finds the value of N from their value of log10 N log10 N 2.9 N 10'2.9'
A1: Accept a number of microbes that are approximately 800. Allow 800 150 following
correct work
(c)
M1 For using N = 1000000 and stating that log10 N 6
A1: Statement to the effect that ''we only have information for values of log N between 1.8 and
4.5 so we cannot be certain that the relationship still holds''. ''We cannot extrapolate with
any certainty, we could only interpolate''
There is an alternative approach that uses the formula.
1000000
log10
63
M1: Use N = 1000000 in their N 63 T 2.3 log10 T 1.83 .
2.3
A1: The reason would be similar to the main scheme as we only have log10 T values from 0 to
1.2. We cannot ‘extrapolate’ the graph and assume that the model still holds
(d)
B1: Allow a numerical explanation T 1 N a1b N a giving a is the value of N at T =1

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Question Scheme Marks AOs

13(a) dy
dy dt
Attempts M1 1.1b
dx dx
dt
dy 3 sin 2t
2 3 cos t A1 1.1b
dx sin t
(2)
(b) 2 dy 3 sin 2t
Substitutes t in 3 M1 2.1
3 dx sin t
1 1
Uses gradient of normal = M1 2.1
dy 3
dx
3
Coordinates of P = 1, B1 1.1b
2
3 1
Correct form of normal y x 1 M1 2.1
2 3
Completes proof 2x 2 3 y 1 0 * A1* 1.1b
(5)
(c) Substitutes x = 2cos t and y = 3 cos 2t into 2 x 2 3 y 1 0 M1 3.1a

Uses the identity cos 2t 2cos2 t 1 to produce a quadratic in cost M1 3.1a

12cos2 t 4cos t 5 0 A1 1.1b
5 1
Finds cos t , M1 2.4
6 2
5
Substitutes their cos t into x = 2cos t, y = 3 cos 2t , M1 1.1b
6
5 7
Q , 3 A1 1.1b
3 18
(6)

(13 marks)

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Question 13 continued
Notes:
(a)
dy
dy dt and achieves a form k sin 2t Alternatively candidates may apply the
M1: Attempts
dx dx sin t
dt
sin t cos t
double angle identity for cos 2t and achieve a form k
sin t
3 sin 2t
A1: Scored for a correct answer, either or 2 3 cost
sin t

(b)
2 dy
M1: For substituting t in their which must be in terms of t
3 dx
dy
M1: Uses the gradient of the normal is the negative reciprocal of the value of . This may be
dx
seen in the equation of l.
3
B1: States or uses (in their tangent or normal) that P = 1,
2

dy 3
M1: Uses their numerical value of 1 with their 1, to form an equation of the
dx 2
normal at P
A1*: This is a proof and all aspects need to be correct. Correct answer only 2 x 2 3 y 1 0

(c)
M1: For substituting x = 2cos t and y = 3 cos 2t into 2 x 2 3 y 1 0 to produce an equation
in t. Alternatively candidates could use cos 2t 2cos2 t 1 to set up an equation of the form
y Ax 2 B .
M1: Uses the identity cos 2t 2cos2 t 1 to produce a quadratic equation in cost
In the alternative method it is for combining their y Ax 2 B with 2 x 2 3 y 1 0 to get
an equation in just one variable
A1: For the correct quadratic equation 12cos2 t 4cos t 5 0
Alternatively the equations in x and y are 3x2 2 x 5 0 12 3 y 2 4y 7 3 0
M1: Solves the quadratic equation in cost (or x or y) and rejects the value corresponding to P.
5 5
M1: Substitutes their cos t or their t arccos in x = 2cos t and y = 3 cos 2t
6 6
If a value of x or y has been found it is for finding the other coordinate.
5 7 5 7
A1: Q , 3 . Allow x ,y 3 but do not allow decimal equivalents.
3 18 3 18

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Question Scheme Marks AOs

14(a) Uses or implies h = 0.5 B1 1.1b

For correct form of the trapezium rule = M1 1.1b

0.5 A1 1.1b
3 2.2958 2 2.3041 1.9242 1.9089 4.393
2
(3)
(b) Any valid statement reason, for example
Increase the number of strips B1 2.4
Decrease the width of the strips
Use more trapezia
(1)
(c)
For integration by parts on x 2 ln x dx M1 2.1

x3 x2
ln x dx A1 1.1b
3 3

2 x 5 dx x2 5x c B1 1.1b

All integration attempted and limits used

3 x 3
x 2 ln x x3 x3 2 M1 2.1
Area of S = 2 x 5 dx ln x x 5x
3 9 27 x 1
1

Uses correct ln laws, simplifies and writes in required form M1 2.1

28
Area of S = ln 27 (a 28, b 27, c 27) A1 1.1b
27
(6)
(10 marks)

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Question 14 continued
Notes:
(a)
0.5
B1: States or uses the strip width h = 0.5. This can be implied by the sight of ... in the
2
trapezium rule
M1: For the correct form of the bracket in the trapezium rule. Must be y values rather than x
values first y value last y value 2 sum of other y values
A1: 4.393
(b)
B1: See scheme
(c)
M1: Uses integration by parts the right way around.

Look for x 2 ln x dx Ax3 ln x Bx 2 dx

x3 x2
A1: ln x dx
3 3
B1: Integrates the 2 x 5 term correctly x2 5x
M1: All integration completed and limits used
a
M1: Simplifies using ln law(s) to a form ln c
b
28
A1: Correct answer only ln 27
27

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Question Scheme Marks AOs

15(a) Attempts to differentiate using the quotient rule or otherwise M1 2.1

2x 1 2x 1
e 8cos 2 x 4sin 2 x 2e
f ( x) 2 A1 1.1b
2x 1
e

Sets f ( x) 0 and divides/ factorises out the e 2x 1

terms M1 2.1
sin 2 x 8
Proceeds via to tan 2 x 2 A1* 1.1b
cos 2 x 4 2
(4)
(b) (i) Solves tan 4 x 2 and attempts to find the 2nd solution M1 3.1a
x 1.02 A1 1.1b
(ii) Solves tan 2 x 2 and attempts to find the 1st solution M1 3.1a
x 0.478 A1 1.1b
(4)
(8 marks)
Notes:
(a)
2x 1
M1: Attempts to differentiate by using the quotient rule with u 4sin 2 x and v e or
alternatively uses the product rule with u 4sin 2 x and v e1 2x
A1: For achieving a correct f ( x) . For the product rule
f ( x) e1 2x
8cos 2 x 4sin 2 x 2e1 2x

M1: This is scored for cancelling/ factorising out the exponential term. Look for an equation in
just cos 2x and sin 2x
A1*: Proceeds to tan 2 x 2 . This is a given answer.
(b) (i)
arctan 2
M1: Solves tan 4 x 2 attempts to find the 2nd solution. Look for x
4
nd
Alternatively finds the 2 solution of tan 2 x 2 and attempts to divide by 2
A1: Allow awrt x 1.02 . The correct answer, with no incorrect working scores both marks
(b)(ii)
arctan 2
M1: Solves tan 2 x 2 attempts to find the 1st solution. Look for x
2
A1: Allow awrt x 0.478 . The correct answer, with no incorrect working scores both marks

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