YDS-YDT-YÖKDİL

1. Simple present..do/does…V1…V1s….am/is/are…..am/is/are V3

Always Scarcely Evrensel gerçekler

Usually Rarely Doğa kanunları
Generally Every + time.. Bilimsel ifadeler
Occasionally Once a time… Genelgeçer kurallar
Ferquently Twice a time … Alışkanlık biçiminde düzenli olarak yapılan
Sometimes Two times … a time eylemler
Often Three times a time Önceden planlanıp ilan edilmiş eylemler
Hardly ever On Sundays Gazete manşetleri
Seldom At weekends

2. Present continuous….am/is/areVing…..am/is/arebeing V3…..şimdiki zaman

Now For the time being Just this time
Currently At the present time Nowadays
At the moment Every passing minute Thesedays
At that moment Listen ! Steadily
At thisvery moment Look ! Rapidly
At present What a beautiful night ! Continuously
Presently This time Constantly

3. Present perfect / Present perfect continous..have/has V3….have/has beenVing….

Since + başlangıç noktası Until now Allmy life

Since 1945,Since then,Ever since Bynow Allweek ,allday
Since I wasborn Up to now My whole life
For + period Recently Several times this month
For ten years ,for ten yearsnow Recent Many times ,many times this year
Just , yet , already , still ,so far Lately How long
Thus far Hitherto Inmy life
Uptillnow All + time Never , ever

For the past /last

In the past /last
During the past/last two years,there days…. HAVE/HAS V3..(yoksa V2) …………….FIDOW……….
Over the past/last
Within the past/last

It
is thefirst,second,best,worst,oldest,mostadj. Adj-est + noun
This

4. Simple past tense….V2..did V1..was/were…..was/were V3…

Yesterday Previous time How long ago ?

Last (time) In the morning For three years from 1995 to 1998
In 1945 On Sunday It’s time
In the nineteenth century In may It’s high time
A the beginning of 18th century At two o’clock I would rather you V2 /didn’t V1
Time (ago) The other day
Before time Last,first

5. Past continuous….was / were Ving…..was / were being V3

While / when / just as / as / at that time / From(time) to (time) / At this time yesterday

6. Past perfect……had V3..Had been V3…could have V3….could have been V3...
 Never..before / just / yet / for / since / before / the night before / earlier / all the night / the year before

7. Future simple…will V1…will be V3….am/is/are going to V1….

Tomorrow - Next time – Soon - Before long - In two years - This evening - Bağlaçsız taraf - If ‘in karşısı

8. Future in the past : would V1….would be V3….was /were goingto V1…yazacaktım…yapacaktım

He knew that they would attack him before long.

He would regret this decision years later.

9. Future continuous…….will be Ving ……will be V3…yapıyor olacağım.

Tomorrow / This time naxt year / in a few minutes / which is due tomorrow /three days from now / at this time next year

10. Future perfect / future perfect contınuos…….will have V3….will have been Ving

By the time
By + time in a week
By May in twoweeks’ time
By next October already by ten o’clock tonight
By the end of next month by sunset to day I hope / I expect / I predict / I believe

11. Would have V3……IF 3 ….ile çalışır. If I had more money on me,I could have bought that trainers.

12. Will have V3 …..Bythe time…. ile çalışır. By the time I graduate from NEU , my father will have retired.

13. Had V3……..simplepast’sız çalışmaz…V2 After I had moved to Silifke , I bought a cottage in Ulugöz village.

After …… had played….. , ……….played ………… Before ……………… played………….. , ……….. had played………..
When……..played………….. , ………had playd……… Until ……………….. played…………… , ………..had played ………..
By the time … played….. , ……..had played….. Once ……………….. had played ….. , ………….. played …………...

14. Unless….. IF 1 / 0 …ile çalışır Unless you study , ypu will fail. Unless you lie , you have good relations with others.

15. Adverbial clause’larda yan cümle asla FUTURE olamaz (WILL yada WOULD olamaz )

Adverbial clause’larda PERFECT-PERFECT ( have V3 – have V3 hariç ) , PERFECT-CONT….ilişkisi yoktur.

GÖRÜNCE KAÇ

Am/is/are - would play was playing - have played

Had played - am/is/are was playing - had playes
Had played - have played had played - will ve gelecek zaman kurguları
Had played - play(s)

16. ..IN CASE. ve LEST …SHOULD ile çalışır. He doesn't dare to leave the house lest someone should (would/could/might) recognize him.

17. ……….. ( , ) virgül ile çalışanlar ( ………. CÜMLE…. , bağlaç… CÜMLE …. )

,but ,or ,for ,hence ,thus ,so ,whereas ,yet ,though

18. …. (;……… ,) ile çalışanlar. Ortada iki tam cümleyi birbirine bağlayan bağlaçlar.

;however, ;therefore, ;otherwise, ;furthermore,

,nonetheless, ;moreover, ;on the other hand, ;nevertheless,

19. ‘’SUPERLATIVE’’ ( the sıfat-est…the most sıfat ) ile kullanılan yapılar.

by far….. / in the World / of all / of these / on earth / among / one of the / has – have ever V3
20. …………………………………………that S..V..O

S + V … HE ANNOUNCED THAT he would come with us

S + V + obj pronoun… HE WARNED ME THAT he could arrest us.
It is / was sıfat … IT IS OBVIOUS THAT we should hurry up.
It is / was sıfat TO V1… IT IS HARD TO BELIEVE THAT the commission is going to abolish the law.

21. S + V …………………………….. S + V + O
That The statistics express THAT global warming is getting worse day by day.
What I don’ know WHAT she told about recent rumours.
wh- The teacher explained WHY English is necessary for a better job.
whether /if I want to know WHETHER she will pass the exam or not.
How Mr. Peker explains HOW to deal with difficult vocabulary questions.

22. REFLEXIVE PRONOUNS……özne ile uyumlu olmalıdır.

S + V + O ……………………… They prepared some salad for themselves

I myself She herself
You yourself / yourselves It ıtself
He himself We ourselves

23. TOO…….to V1 ENOUGH …………… to V1

Özne + yüklem + TOO sıfat-zarf (for somebody) + TO V1… ……………It is too difficult for me tosolve.

Özne + yüklem + sıfat-zarf ENOUGH ( for somebody ) + TO V1…. It is cheap enough for me to buy.

24. SO…TOO..NOR…NEİTHER..
……….. + …………. , and so do I / I do,too Ali likes football . so do I / I do,too
…………. - …………. , and neither-nor do I / I don’teither. Ali doesn’t like football. Neither do I / I doesn’t either.

25. Çok önemli kalıplar….. ( doğru şıklar genellikle bu kalıplara uygun yazılır )

More……..…than both …………..and so………………...that enough …. To V1

As………….…as neither………..nor such…………....that too …………. To V1
So…………..as either……..……or not only…………but also between ….. and …

26. SO – SUCH PROBLEMİNİN ÇÖZÜMÜ !

 SO ..SIFAT .. THAT This car is SO EXPENSIVE THAT I cannot buy.

 SO…. ZARF ….. THAT You drive SO SLOWLY THAT I get bored.
 SO .. SIFAT A/AN İSİM ..THAT It was SO DIFFICULT AN EXAM THAT he couldn’t pass.
 SO .. MUCH..İSİM .. THAT This dessert has SO MUCH SUGAR in it THAT she can’t eat.
 SO .. MANY İSİM … THAT I have got SO MANY PROBLEMS THAT I won’t go to holiday.
 SO … FEW İSİM … THAT She has got SO FEW FRIENDS THAT she gets easily bored in Konya.
 SO .. LITTLE İSİM .. THAT This soup has SO LITTLE SALT THAT it tastes awful.
 SUCH .. A/AN SIFAT İSİM… THAT It was SUCH A DIFFICULT QUESTION THAT he couldn’t solve.
 SUCH .. A FEW İSİM .. THAT Mary had SUCH A FEW BOOKS THAT she wanted to buy some.
 SUCH .. A LITTLE İSİM .. THAT I have got SUCH A LITTLE TIME THAT I don’t want to speak with you.
 SUCH ..A LOT OF İSİM ..THAT There were SUCH A LOT OF PEOPLE HERE THAT I couldn’t concentrate on.

27. Virgül den sonra THAT gelmez. Preposition ‘lardan sonra THAT ve WHO gelmez.

( buna karşın prepositionlar dan sonra WHICH – WHOM – WHOSE gelebilir.) for whom , about which , with whose…

28. ADJECTIVE CLAUSE açılım formülleri

a) ………… + İNSAN +……………………. The doctor

Who/that who / that WORKS in Numune Hospital , is competent in microsurgery.
Whose + subject whose CAR is in front of the gate , is competent in microsurgery.
Who(m) + subject whom I met in Mersin , is competent in microsurgery.
That +subject that I met in Mersin , is competent in microsurgery.
 b) ……….. + ZAMAN + ………………..
….. 2002 , Which is my wedding date
When I was born
Which I was born in
In which I was born

c) ……….. + YER + ………………………..

….. Konya , Which is….
Where I lived
Which I lived in
In which I lived
Whose population

d) ………… + NESNE + ……………………

…. The bus , Which arrived in Mersin
That I get on
Whose tyres are worn

29. Bazı kelimeler arkasına WHERE alır.

Place – situation – level – point – stage – position – condition -disease - intestine ( stage kelimesi WHEN ile de açılabilir )
-A long, twisting tube makes up your intestines, WHERE digested food is provided with energy and raw materials.

30. BAĞLAÇ YAPILARI

Despite
Inspite of
Because of Noun
Due to Phrase
Owingto Thefactthat S + V + O
Thanks to Gerund
On account of
In view of

31. Ansızın karşına çıkarlar….

Distinct from Depend on Regardless of

Suffer from Rely on İnvolve in
Refrain from İnsist on İncrease in
İndulge in Persist in Emerge from
İnterfere with Cooperation with Agreewithsb on sth
Consist of Related to Cope with
Talk about/to/with Accommpanied by Coply with
Afraid of Threaten with Deal with
Aware of Thank for Parity with
Capable of Tire of Take into consideration
Vote for Think about/of Scattered across
Wait for Accustomed to Extinct for
Watch for Exposure to Marked in
Focus on Range from Responsible for

32. More………..than kalıbından kulanılan pekiştireçler

A LITTLE NO FAR CONSIDERABLY EVEN MUCH A BIT

MANY SIGNIFICANT A LOT A GREAT DEAL SLOWLY ANY SOMEONE

33. Reading sorularında yanlış şıklara konan ifadeler

All Exclude İnclude Mostly Primarily

Alone Exclusively İnvariably Much Primary
Always Few Largely Nearly Principal
Barely First andforemost Limit Necessarily Rarely
Complete Full Little Never Restrict
Completely Fully Main None Scarcely
Confine Great Mainly Partially Seldom
Cover Greatly Major Partly Chief
Entire Hardly Merely Predominantly Sole
Entirely Hardly ever Most Presently Solely
 Soon Substantially Totally Wholly
Steadily Tosomeextent Whole

34. Anlam bütünlüğünü bozan cümleyi bulma sorularında uygun olmayan cümlenin başına yazılan ifadeler ( eğer cevabı bulamıyorsanız aşağıdaki
ifadeleri içeren şıkları işaretleyiniz.)

Actually – Indeed - Infact –Also - Evenso – Therefore – Furthermore – Nevertheless – However – Obviously - Nonetheless

35. Çok önemli PHRASAL VERS

ASK FOR request LET DOWN disappoint KEEP ON continue

BACK UP support LOOK AFTER watch POINT OUT indicate,show
BREAK DOWN stopfunctioning LOOK FOR search for PICK UP select,identify
BREAK İNTO interrupt LOOK INTO investigate HOLD ON wait or stop
BREAK OUT erupt,start LOOK UP seek in a book PUT FORWARD propose
BRING ABOUT cause MAKE OUT recognize GO UP rise,increase
BRING DOWN reduce MAKE OUT understand GO THROUGH examine
BRING UP raise,rear MAKE UP form,constitute PUT DOWN write
BURST OUT start violently PASS AWAY die GO OVER examine
CALL AT pay a shortvisit PASS OUT faint PUT OFF postpone,delay
CALL OFF cancel SET OFF start a journey RUN INTO meet unexpectedly
CALL FOR require,demand SEND FOR call GO ON continue
CALL ON visit SET UP form PUT UP WITH bear,tolerate
CARRY OUT execute,perform TAKE AFTER resemble GIVE UP stop
CARRY ON continue TAKE IN deceive PUT THROUGH connect
CHEER UP becomehappy TAKE OFF leave the ground GET RID OF free oneself from
COME OUT emerge TAKE UP occupy PUT OUT extinguish
CUT OFF interrupt TURN DOWN reduce,lower GET OVER recover from
CUT DOWN reduce TURN DOWN deny,refuse GET BACK return
COUNT ON rely on TURN OFF leave WORK OUT understand
CROSS OUT erase,remove TURN OFF switch off WORK OUT succeed
FIGURE OUT cometounderstand TURN ON switch on GET ALONG be in harmony
FIND OUT discover,learn TURN OUT prove GET ACROSS commmunicate
WIPE OUT destroy completely

36. ÖSYM ‘nin ÇOK SEVDİĞİ edat kullanımları

A Appropriate to/for Compete for a prize Derive from

Adjust to Ashaned of Complain about Deter from
Admit to Associated with Comply with Devote to
Agree with sb on sth Astonished at Concentrate on Differ in
Agree to Available for Cope with Differentiate between
Agree about Aware of Capable of Differentiate from
Apologise to sb for doing sth Access to Certain of/about Dispose of
Appeal to sb for sth Approval of Committed to Distinguish between/from
Appeal to According to Compatible with Divide into
Apply for sth Apart from Composed of Dedicated to
Apply to sb for sth B Concerned about Deficient in
Approve of Believe in Concerned with Deprived of
Argue with sb about sth Belong to Conscious of Dependent on
Arrive in/at Benefit from Consistent with Detrimental to
Ask about sb Blame sb for sth Content with Devoted to
Ask for sth Blame sth on sb Convenient for/to Different from
Attach to Based on Convinced of Dissapointed in/with
Attend to Benefial to Curious about Disgusted at/with
Attribute to C Cause about Distinct from
Absent from Care for/about Complaint about Doubtful about
Accompanied by Coincide with Concerned about Devotion to
Accustomed to Collaborate with sb Confidence in Difficulty in/with
Adjacent to Combine with Confusion about Disadventage of
Afraid of Comment on D Distinction between
Angry with sb for sth Commit sth/sb to Deal with E
Angry at sth Communicate with/to Dedicate to Embark on
Anxious about Compare with/to Deduce from Emerge from
Anxious for (news) Compensate for Depend on Eager for
Applicable to Compete with/against Deprive of Eligible for
 Equal to İndispensible for/to React to/against Substitute for
Essential for İnferior to Reason with Succed in
Exclude from İnterested in Reckon on/in Suffer from
Excuse sb for tsh İnvolve in Recover from Suspect of
Excuse sb from doing sth İncrease in Reduce to Satisfied with
Experience in İnfluence on Reduce by Scared of
F İnterference in Refer to Sensitive to
Familiar with İntervention in Refrain from Short of
Familiar to sb L Remind sb of Sorry about
Famous for Liable to/for Reply to Sorry for
Fatal to Limited in/to Report on Startled at
Fond of Lack of Report to Subject to
Full of Object to Request from Subsequent to
Failure in Offer to Rescue from Successful in/at
Fear of Occupied in Reserve for Suitable for
Fondness for Opposed to Rely on Susceptible to
G P Respond to Suspicious of
Gaze at Participate in Result in Satisfaction in
Glance at Pay for Reward for Search for
Good at Peer at Rob sb of Shortage of
Guilty of Persist in Ready for Success in
İdentify with Prepare for Relative to T
İmplicate in Prevent from Relevant to Trouble with/about
İmpose on Profit from Responsible for Talk about/with/to
İndulge in Prohibit from Restricted to Tell sb about sth
İnfect with Protect from/against Rich in Think about
İnquire about Protest to Reason for Think of
İnsert in Provide with Reduction in Threaten with
İnsist on Provide for Reference to Tire of
İnteract with Peculiar to Reliance on Treat for/with
İnterfere in/with Pertinent to Remedy for Turn to/into
İntroduce to Polite to Respect for Tired of
İnvest in Polite to Rise in Tolerant of
İnvolve in Popular with S U-V-W
İdentical with/to Prior to Spend on Unaware of
İgnorant of Proneto Stare at Used to
İmmune to Proud of Starve to Use of
İnconsistent with Q-R Struggle with/against Vote for
İnclude in Quarrel about/over Strugglr for Wait for
İndependent of Quarrel with sb Submit to Watch for
İndifferent to Qualified for Subscribe to Worried about

37. GERUND alan fiiller BU FİİLLER SAĞINA ‘’VERBING’’ yapısı alır.

People must avoid eating fatty foods in order not to suffer from hearth diseases in the long run.
Sufferers of mental illnesses enjoy walking along the river side.

Acknowledge Advise Favour Miss Report

Admit Consider Foresee Necessitate Resent
Advocate No point in Can’t help Pardon Resist
Anticipate Worth İmagine Postpone Risk
Appreciate No use İnclude Practice Resume
Avoid Dislike Recommend Prevent Suffer
Complete Endanger Forget Prohibit Suggest
Contemplate Enjoy No good Quit Tolerate
Defer Envisage İnvolve Mean Understand
Delay Escape Justify Regret Remember
Deny Excuse Keep Recall Stop
Detest Fancy Mention Recollect
Discuss Finish Mind Repent

38. Arkasına ‘’THAT’’ alan isimler

There is a tangible proof THAT people who suffer from Covid-19 have some olfaction and palate sensations.
The researhers put forward a strong idea that melting of the ice cap around Arctic regions may worsen the situation.

Advantage Advice Assumption Change Characteristic

Allegation Argument Belief Chance Claim
 Conclusion Fact News Principle Similarity
Contention Fear Observation Probability Solution
Demand Feature Truth of matter Problem Stipulation
Difference Hope Opinion Proof Suggestion
Disadvantage İdea Order Proposal Theory
Drawback İmplication Point Quality Thing
Evidence İndication Possibility Reason Trouble
Expectation İnference Prediction Recommendation View
Explanation Likelihood Premise Rumor Requirement

39. FOR +İSİM ( için ) ….FOR+CÜMLE ( ÇÜNKÜ) It is important for Cemre. I could pass the exam ,for I had worked hard

40. WHETHER …OR seven fiiler ( ASK,WANT TO KNOW,QUESTION,ARGUE,DISCUSS,DEBATE,WONDER,,REMEMBER)

I wonder whether you will attend the conference or not. I want to know whether this document is null or not.

41. THOUGH cümle sonunda virgülle kullanılır ve anlammı BUT’ tır. I didn’t like the salad , the meat is mouth-watering , though.

42. AS……AS karşılaştırmalarda kullanılır. (SO……AS de aynı şekilde ) I am as enthusiastic as Deniz.

43. THAT den önce boşluk varsa 3 tense gelir [Link] / [Link] / PRESENT PERFECT ( 3 THAT KURALI )

44. Cümle başı ONLY IF / ONLY WHEN / ONLY AFTER / ONLY BEFORE………. , devrik cümle ( did I search )

45. FAR / MUCH …… COMPARATIVE BY FAR……….SUPERLATIVE

YDS is by far the most challenging foreign language exam in Turkey. YDS is far more challenging than YÖKDİL.

46. AS A RESULT + CÜMLE ( sonuç olarak ) AS A RESULT OF + İSİM (-den dolayı )

As a result of a devastating earthquake, many people became homeless around the territory.
A devastating eartquake hit the territory ; as a result , many people became homeless.

47. AS OF + tarih ( den beri AS OF 2005 ) AS FOR ( -e gelince )

Aziz Sancar has been searching in the realm of chemistry as of 1990.

As for the recent unemployment rate, government officials must immediately take steps.

48. COAST – ROAD – RIVER………. ALONG ile kullanılır……... ABOVE üzerinde BELOW altında ( deniz seviyesi )

They are wandering along the coast. The material freezes 1000 feet above the sea level.

49. WHOSE CAR / THE CAR OF WHOM (canlı) WHOSE COLOR / THE COLOR OF WHICH (cansız)

I met with a competent doctor WHOSE SURGERY TECHNIQUES are unique.

I met with a competent doctor THE TECHIQUES OF WHOM are unique.

50. REGARDLESS OF / IRRESPECTIVE OF -e bakılmaksızın ( yaş,cinsiyet,davranış kelimeleriyle kullanılır.)

The municipality wants to hire public bus drivers REGARDLESS OF what their genders are.

51. IN ORDER TO + V1 …. Genellikle SHOULD,NEED TO ve MUST kipleriyle sıkça kullanılır.

In order to curb the detrimental effects of sunlight exposure , one must make use of sun cream.

52. ‘’ BE OF = HAVE / HAS ‘’ sahiplik yapısıdır. I am of the opnion that Konya is getting hotter day by day

‘’ BE TO = MUST – HAVE TO ‘’ zorunluluk/gereklilik kipidir. You are to pass this exam to be hired as an academician.

53. PRESENT TENSE ÖZEL FİİLLER ‘’ date back,trace back,go back,stretch back,DERİVE FROM…..tarihe dayanır.

54. ONCE…….…AS SOON AS…….…THE MOMENT……….AFTER anlamı taşır.

55. IN ORDER TO - SO AS TO - IN AN EFFORT TO - IN AN ATTEMPT TO – IN A BID TO - ++++ V1

56. AS IF / AS THOUGH ….cümle ortasında kullanılır.( seem,look,appear,smell,behave,treat,taste,feel,hear)

The statistics seem as if exchange rates will ascend in the near future. He baheves as if he were insane.

57. Artmak ve azalmak fiilleri (increase,diminish,grow,rise ) %90 AS bağlacına gider.

AS the temperature rises globally , it puts the polar ice at great risks.

58. RECENTLY -------} HAVE/HAS V3 UNTIL RECENTLY -----------} V2 OR HAVE/HAS V3

59. SORU KELİMESİ ++++ TO DO FOR SOMEBODY +++++++++ TO DO

60. CÜMLE BAŞINDA ‘’ only,never,neither,scarcely,rarely ‘’ gibi ifadeler DEVRİK yapı gerektirirler.

Never have I seen such a gorgeous wedding ceremony.

61. SORUDA TENSE İFADESİ YOKSA %90 PRESENT OLUR. PRESENT SIMLE,PRESENT PERFECT.

62. TANIM CÜMLELERİ ‘’SIMPLE PRESENT ‘a ‘’ GİDER. An Alzheimer is a disesase which affects………..

63. RATHER tek başına olumsuzluk anlamı katar. (rather expensive )

Bağlaç RATHER The vessel didn’t pass through the Suez canal ; rather , she turned her route to Bosphorus.

64. OTHERWISE +++ KÖTÜ SONUÇ

Fortunately, I passed this difficult language test ; otherwise, I couldn’t have applied for the job.

65. No sooner …….. than -er ……………………... –mez AS SOON AS

Hardly ……………..when -mıştı ki……………… -di THE MOMENT
Scarcely ………….when -mesiyle…………. -mesi bir oldu
Barely ……………..when çevirilerinde (as soon as ) kullanılır.

 No sooner HAD SHE OPENED the door than she RECOGNISED her colleagues.
 No sooner DID SHE OPEN the door than she RECOGNISED her colleagues.

66. BUT FOR / IF IT WEREN’T FOR / WITHOUT / OTHERWISE gizli koşul ifadeleridir. ‘’would – could’’ gibi modallar sıkça kullanılır.
*But for the ozone layer, life on earth would not exit. If it weren’t for your help , I can’t tackle with the problem.

67. BY + ZAMAN : -E KADAR The construction firm had completed the school building by 2019.
BY + Ving : YAPARAK Many students try to grasp vocabulary by memorising.
BY + KİŞİ : TARAFINDAN Exam results have been declared by the novice teacher.
BY + NESNE : VASITASI İLE Traditional Japanese food is eaten by chopsticks.
BY + YÜZDELİK : ORANINDA The number of the people who are heavy smokers has decreased by %10 so far.
BY + YER : YANINDA We need to light a campfire by the lakeside.

68. NOW THAT present ve future tense ile kullanılır. Now that he has quit his job , I can’t depend on him. ( madem ki ,e göre )

IN THAT cümle başına gelmez. Economic fluctuation makes he situation worse , in that unemployment rate increases.

69. Şu transition ‘ lar sorunun giriş kısmında olmaz ‘’ ON THE OTHER HAND , NONETHELESS , NEVERTHELESS,YET ,
CONVERSELY , ON THE CONRARY.

70. Would you mind DOING ? Would you mind opening / if I opened the window ? Would you mind if KİŞİ … V2 ?

71. Relative Clause …………………. , …( who / which…….. fiil…. The doctor , who operates on…. / The bus , which goes…

72. LIKE ve SUCH AS den sonra 1 den fazla örnek verilir. ( like Rihanna , such as: X;Y;Z )

73. ‘ SO THAT ve IN ORDER THAT ‘ li cümlede modal olmalıdır. ( can – could / will – would )

74. IF……………………. , then………………………. Kuralı. If you save some money , then you can buy a brand-new car.

75. …… TO HAVE V3 … cümle başında kullanılmaz. Genelde V-İNG yapısı doğru cevap olur.

Bu kısaltma genellikle IS BELIEVED,ARE THOUGHT,IS KNOWN gibi PRESENT PASSIVE yapıların sağına gelir.

Dodo bird is believed to have wiped out due to the humanity’s greed.

76. Because, As, Since, Seeing that, Now that, Given that, In that , Inasmuch as (çünkü,…den dolayı, … olduğu için)
 Given that the circumstances are convenient, we have to start implementing the project.

77. Approximately , roughly , about , nearly gibi yapılar cümlenin devamında yanlarına SAYI alırlar

Approxiamtely 2500 people injured due to the devastating earthquake in India.

78. All candidates but Ahmet failed . “But” bu cümlede “hariç” anlamındadır. “except” ya da “except for” olabilirdi.

79. It wasn’t until ……… that ifadesi devamında V2 ile kullanılır. ‘’ …zamana kadar……olmadı,değildi ‘’ şeklide çevirilir.

Despite the interconnection between cakes and celebration, it wasn’t until a little more than a century ago that people in
the United States began to celebrate birthdays with cakes.

80. UNDER -----}}}}}} Under the terms of ( bu şartlar altında )

Under the orders of ( emri altında )
Under the supervision of …. ( gözetiminde,nezaretinde)
Under construction ( yapım aşamasında )
Under treaty ( antlaşma hükümleri altında )
Under discussion ( tartışılmakta )

SON VİRAJDA BOL SORU ÇÖZ BOL DENEME YAP……!!!!!!!!!!!! SALİH PEKER