MODULE -1
3 mark
1. Illustrate with neat sketch the components of hydrological cycle
2. What are the methods of controlling evaporation from water bodies
3. Differentiate between mass rainfall curve and hyetograph
4. Explain Horton's model of infiltration
5. What are IDF curves used for?
6. Explain the working of a tipping bucket rain gauge with a neat sketch.
7. Explain various types of precipitation
8. Define infiltration indices
9. What is a Mass curve?
10. A precipitation station X was inoperative .Precipitation recorded in three stations A, B, c
surrounding station X were 6.2, 4.7and3.5 cm respectively. Normal annular precipitation
amounts to 64.3, 70.7, 54.5 and 35. 3 cm for stations x,A, B and c. Estimate storm
precipitation of X
11. Differentiate rainfall mass curve and hyetograph
12. Explain the use of double ring infiltration for infiltration measurement
14 marks
1. Explain the methods to find the average precipitation over a catchment area
2. Explain the use of double ring infiltrometer for the measurement of infiltration. How will you
estimate the Horton's parameter from the measured infiltration data?
3. Explain the measurement of evaporation using evaporation pans. What are the various l0
methods by which evaporation losses can be controlled?
4. Explain the drawbacks of Thiessen polygon method
5. Explain the different types of precipitation
6. Illustrate the working of siphon type recording rain gauge
7. Explain the method of measurement of infiltration. Derive the Horton’s model and discuss
how the data is fit in Horton’s model
8. Explain the Thiessen polygon method of computation of mean precipitation
9. Explain the field measurement of infiltration rate using Double ring infiltrometer
10. What are the different ways to control evaporation? Explain the measurement of
evaporation using IMD pan.
Module 2
3 marks
1. Differentiate between direct runoff hydrograph and storm hydrograph
2. Substantiate the use of empirical methods for design flood estimation
3. List out any three assumptions made in the derivation of unit hydrograph
4. Explain the various empirical methods for the estimation of design flood
5. Explain the following terms (i) Probable Maximum Flood (ii) Standard Project Flood
6. In terms of rainfall and physical characteristics of a watershed, what is meant by time of
concentration?
7. Describe method of base flow separation
8. Enlist the various factors affecting runoff in a catchment
9. Explain two line method of separation of base flow
10. A six hour storm rainfall with following rainfall depths occurs over a basin 2.2, 3.5,5.4,10-
2,4.8,3.1 and, 6.2 cm. surface runoff is 10.7 cm. Determine the average infiltration index.
11. Differentiate between direct run off hydrograph and storm hydrograph
12. Substantiate the use of empirical methods for design flood estimation
14 marks
1. What are the limitations of Unit hydrograph theory
2. How do the shape and size of a catchment affect runoff
3. Define the following: i) SPF ii) PMF iii) Recurrence interval
4. Explain the components of a hydrograph with neat sketch. How will you separate base flow
from a hydrograph
5. What are the factors affecting Runoff
6. What are the assumptions of Unit hydrograph theory?
7. Explain the parts of a single peaked hydrograph
8. Explain the Time characteristics of a single peak hydrograph from an isolated storm. How will
you separate the base flow?
9. Elaborate the steps involved in developing a 4hour unit hydrograph from a 3 hour unit
hydrograph.
Module 3
3 marks
1. The gross commanded area for a distributor is 10,000 hectares, 75%o of which can be
irrigated. The intensity of irrigation for Rabi season is 60% and that for Kharif season is30%.
If the average duty at the head of the distributary is 2500 hectares per cumec for Rabi
season and 1000 hectares per cumec for Kharif season, determine the discharge required at
the head of the distributary from average demand consideration.
2. Differentiate between Inundation irrigation and perennial irrigation
3. Define (D Duty (ii) Delta and (iii) Base Period
4. The field capacity of a certain soil is 15% and the moisture content of the soil before
irrigation is 8%. Determine the depth up to which the soil profile will be wetted with an
application of 60 mm of water. Take dry unit weight of soil as l5 KN/m3
5. Differentiate flow and lift irrigation
6. Enumerates various methods for improving duty
7. Define i) Field capacity ii ) permanent wilting point
8. A field has an area of 50 ha. When l0 cumecs of water was supplied for 5 hours, 35 cm of
water was stored in root zone. Find Field application efficiency
9. Enlist the benefits of irrigation
10. Define the terms root zone depth, permanent wilting point consumptive use
11. What is meant by stage of a river. Elucidate with sketch the stage – discharge relationship
14 marks
1. Suggest some methods to improve duty of water
2. Explain the following terms (1 Crop period ; (ii) Base period (iii) Crop ratio (iv) Intensity of
irrigation (v) Paleo irrigation (vi) Root zone depth
3. What are the factors affecting duty of water of a canal system?
4. Explain in detail the various types of irrigation efficiency
5. Compare and contrast: a) Permanent wilting point and temporary wilting point b)
Saturation capacity and Field capacity
6. What are the ill effects of irrigation
7. Define duty and delta. relationship between two
8. Explain factors affecting duty and methods to improve duty
9. Define various irrigation efficiencies
10. Explain different types of irrigation
11. Discuss various methods of irrigation
12. What are the factors affecting duty? How can you improve the duty of water
Module 4
3 marks
1. Which are the basic factors controlling the process of meandering?
2. Explain the practical applications of a current meter with a neat sketch
3. What is trap efficiency? What is its significance
4. Discuss the steps involved in the construction of a flow duration curve
5. What are the criteria to be considered while selecting the location for a stream gauge
6. Illustrate various zones of a reservoir
7. What is Surcharge storage and Bank storage in a reservoir?
8. Explain any one method of River stage measurement
9. What is meant by stage of river? Elucidate with sketch the stage – discharge relationship
10. What are the causes of reservoir sedimentation
14 marks
1. Explain Pitched islands with neat sketch
2. Explain reservoir sedimentation with a neat sketch. Suggest few measures for reservoir
sediment control
3. Explain the procedure for calculating safe yield from a reservoir of a given storage capacity
with the help of Mass inflow curve
4. Explain Area velocity method in detail for the measurement of discharge of a canal. List few
other methods used for computation of discharge of a canal.
5. What is stage discharge curve
6. Explain the procedure for determining the capacity of a reservoir of given yield by mass
inflow curve
7. Discuss in detail about the various types of river training work
8. What is meandering? discuss meandering parameters with sketch
9. Explain in detail step by step procedure for the determination of life of a reservoir
10. Explain the types of reservoirs
11. Explain the determination of reservoir capacity using Mass curve method
12. What is a Flow duration curve? Explain the procedure to construct the same
13. Explain River Training works
14. List the objectives of river training works. Explain any two river training works for bank
protection
15. What are flow duration curves? How they are construction
Module 5
3 marks
1. Which are the methods used to find the yield of an open well? Explain any one method in
detail.
2. A tube well of 30cm diameter penetrates fully a confined aquifer. The length of strainer is
25m. Calculate the yield from the well under a drawdown of 4m. The coefficient of
permeability of aquifer: 50m/day. Assume radius of circle of influence equal to 200m.
3. Write notes on any three geological formations
4. Define perched aquifer
5. Define porosity, specific yield and transmissibility
6. State darcy’s law. list down the assumptions
7. Sketch a cavity tube well and label its parts
8. Define specific yield and specific retention
9. Define the following Aquitard, Aquiclude and Aquifuge
10. What do you mean by the term well lose? Explain
14 marks
1. Differentiate between aquifer, aquiclude, aquitard and aquifuge with suitable examples
2. State the assumptions of Dupuit's theory?
3. Obtain an expression for discharge for a steady radial flow from a well fully penetrating an
unconfined aquifer.
4. Compare open well with tube well
5. What is well loss? How it is related to specific gravity of well
6. Summarize the method of determination of yield of an open well
7. Derive steady state flow to a well in a confined aquifer
8. Explain the various types of tube wells
9. Explain Recuperation test for determining yield of open wells
10. Explain the zones of underground water
11. State the assumptions of Dupuits theory
12. Illustrate with sketches the following i. Cavity type tube well ii. Slotted type tube well
13. Derive an equation to find the yield of an open well by recuperation test
ANSWERS
MODULE 1
3 MARKS
1.