Permutation and Combination #1
1. Out of 7 consonants and 4 vowels, how many words of 3 consonants and 2 vowels can be
formed?
A. 25200 B. 21300
C. 24400 D. 210
Answer: Option A
Explanation:
Number of ways of selecting 3 consonants from 7
= 7 C3
Number of ways of selecting 2 vowels from 4
= 4 C2
Number of ways of selecting 3 consonants from 7 and 2 vowels from 4
= 7C3 × 4C2
=(7×6×53×2×1)×(4×32×1)=210
It means we can have 210 groups where each group contains total 5 letters (3 consonants and 2
vowels).
Number of ways of arranging 5 letters among themselves
=5!=5×4×3×2×1=120
Hence, required number of ways
=210×120=25200
Permutation and Combination #2
2. In a group of 6 boys and 4 girls, four children are to be selected. In how many different ways
can they be selected such that at least one boy should be there?
A. 212 B. 209
C. 159 D. 201
Answer: Option B
Explanation:
In a group of 6 boys and 4 girls, four children are to be selected such that at least one boy should
be there.
Hence we have 4 options as given below
We can select 4 boys ...(option 1)
Number of ways to this = 6C4
We can select 3 boys and 1 girl ...(option 2)
Number of ways to this = 6C3 × 4C1
We can select 2 boys and 2 girls ...(option 3)
Number of ways to this = 6C2 × 4C2
We can select 1 boy and 3 girls ...(option 4)
Number of ways to this = 6C1 × 4C3
Total number of ways
= 6C4 + 6C3 × 4C1 + 6C2 × 4C2 + 6C1 × 4C3
= 6C2 + 6C3 × 4C1 + 6C2 × 4C2 + 6C1 × 4C1[∵ nCr = nC(n-r)]
=6×52×1+6×5×43×2×1×4
+6×52×1×4×32×1+6×4
=15+80+90+24=209
Permutation and Combination #3
3. From a group of 7 men and 6 women, five persons are to be selected to form a committee so
that at least 3 men are there in the committee. In how many ways can it be done?
A. 702 B. 624
C. 756 D. 812
Answer: Option C
Explanation:
From a group of 7 men and 6 women, five persons are to be selected with at least 3 men.
Hence we have the following 3 options.
We can select 5 men ...(option 1)
Number of ways to do this = 7C5
We can select 4 men and 1 woman ...(option 2)
Number of ways to do this = 7C4 × 6C1
We can select 3 men and 2 women ...(option 3)
Number of ways to do this = 7C3 × 6C2
Total number of ways
= 7C5 + (7C4 × 6C1) + (7C3 × 6C2)
= 7C2 + (7C3 × 6C1) + (7C3 × 6C2)[∵ nCr = nC(n - r) ]
=7×62×1+7×6×53×2×1×6
+7×6×53×2×1×6×52×1
=21+210+525=756
Permutation and Combination #4
4. In how many different ways can the letters of the word 'OPTICAL' be arranged so that the
vowels always come together?
A. 920 B. 825
C. 720 D. 610
Answer: Option C
Explanation:
The word 'OPTICAL' has 7 letters. It has the vowels 'O','I','A' in it and these 3 vowels should
always come together. Hence these three vowels can be grouped and considered as a single
letter. That is, PTCL(OIA).
Hence we can assume total letters as 5 and all these letters are different.
Number of ways to arrange these letters
=5!=5×4×3×2×1=120
All the 3 vowels (OIA) are different
Number of ways to arrange these vowels among themselves
=3!=3×2×1=6
Hence, required number of ways
=120×6=720
Answer is 720. All the vowels must come together. So (OIA) is grouped. For internal
arrangements within a group, 3! is already factored in the counting.
Permutation and Combination #5
5. In how many different ways can the letters of the word 'CORPORATION' be arranged so that
the vowels always come together?
A. 42000 B. 48000
C. 50400 D. 47200
Answer: Option C
Explanation:
The word 'CORPORATION' has 11 letters. It has the vowels 'O','O','A','I','O' in it and these 5
vowels should always come together. Hence these 5 vowels can be grouped and considered as a
single letter. that is, CRPRTN(OOAIO).
Hence we can assume total letters as 7. But in these 7 letters, 'R' occurs 2 times and rest of the
letters are different.
Number of ways to arrange these letters
=7!2!=7×6×5×4×3×2×12×1=2520
In the 5 vowels (OOAIO), 'O' occurs 3 and rest of the vowels are different.
Number of ways to arrange these vowels among themselves =5!3!=5×4×3×2×13×2×1=20
Hence, required number of ways
=2520×20=50400
Permutation and Combination #6
6. In how many ways can a group of 5 men and 2 women be made out of a total of 7 men and 3
women?
A. 64 B. 1
C. 126 D. 63
Answer: Option D
Explanation:
We need to select 5 men from 7 men and 2 women from 3 women.
Number of ways to do this
= 7C5 × 3C2
= 7C2 × 3C1 [∵ nCr = nC(n-r)]
=7×62×1×3=21×3=63
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