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Jones Matrix for Optical Rotation Analysis

The document details the calculation of optical rotation using the Jones matrix method, based on a specific optical setup. It outlines the matrices for the input light, sample, PEM retarder, and analyzer, leading to the output light expression. The final output intensity is expressed in terms of Bessel functions and Fourier series, highlighting the relationship between optical rotation and the detected signal.

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2 views2 pages

Jones Matrix for Optical Rotation Analysis

The document details the calculation of optical rotation using the Jones matrix method, based on a specific optical setup. It outlines the matrices for the input light, sample, PEM retarder, and analyzer, leading to the output light expression. The final output intensity is expressed in terms of Bessel functions and Fourier series, highlighting the relationship between optical rotation and the detected signal.

Uploaded by

cems.physicochem
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Jones Matrix Calculation for Optical Rotation

Measurement using PEM

March 3, 2010

The Jones matrix method was carried out in my calculation. The as-
sumed optical setup is absolutely same as Figure 1 in the application note
’POLARIMETRY: OPTICAL ROTATION’ by HINDS. The transmitted light
through the first polarizer set to 0◦ is polarized along x-axis. Hence,
( )
1
Einput = . (1)
0

Optically active media simply rotate the input polarization, so that the Jones
matrix for the sample is given as a rotation matrix,
( )
cos α − sin α
MSample = , (2)
sin α cos α

where α represents optical rotation. PEM works as a vibrating retarder, and


hence the Jones matrix for a general retarder is available,
( )
exp(−i 2δ ) 0
MPEM = . (3)
0 exp(i 2δ )

Here, δ is the phase retardation brought about by PEM oscillating at a frequency


f , which is given by a sinusoidal function,

δ = δ0 sin 2πf t. (4)

The Jones matrix for the analyzer (a polarizer set to 45◦ ) is,
( )
1 1 1
Manalyzer = . (5)
2 1 1

The output light from this setup can be obtained by multiplying these matrices
in the same order.

Eoutput = Manalyzer · MPEM · Msample · Einput


( )( )( )( )
1 1 1 exp(−i 2δ ) 0 cos α − sin α 1
=
2 1 1 0 exp(i 2δ ) sin α cos α 0

1
( )
1 exp(−i 2δ ) cos α + exp(i 2δ ) sin α
=
2 exp(−i 2δ ) cos α + exp(i 2δ ) sin α
( )
1 (sin α + cos α) cos 2δ + i(sin α − cos α) sin 2δ
= (6)
2 (sin α + cos α) cos 2δ + i(sin α − cos α) sin 2δ

Then, the signal at the detector is,

Ioutput = |Eoutput † Eoutput |


= |Ex† Ex + Ey† Ey |
1 δ δ
= [(sin α + cos α)2 cos2 + (sin α − cos α)2 sin2 ] × 2
4 2 2
1 2 δ 2 δ
= [1 + 2 sin α cos α(cos − sin )]
2 2 2
1
= [1 + sin 2α cos δ]. (7)
2
Generally, the function cos(x sin θ) can be expanded in terms of even harmonics
of θ in a Fourier series,

cos x sin θ = J0 (x) + 2J2 (x) cos 2θ + 2J4 (x) cos 4θ + · · · , (8)

where Jn is the Bessel function of the n-th series. By using eqs.(4) and (8),
eq.(7) can be rewritten as,
1
Ioutput = [1 + sin 2α(J0 (δ0 ) + 2J2 (δ0 ) cos 4πf t + h.t.)]
2
1
= [1 + J0 (δ0 ) sin 2α + 2J2 (δ0 ) cos 4πf t sin 2α + h.t.]. (9)
2

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