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Shmuel I
Professor Shmalo

Who wrote sefer Shmuel?

a.​ Shmuel: He wrote the first half because in the last couple of chapters of Shmuel I,
Shmuel dies so who wrote the second part?
b.​ The second half is written by Natan Hanavi and God
-​ Shmuel I ends with David being king and Shmuel II talks about David's rule

Background about Shmuel:

●​ He is one of the judges
●​ Shmuel wrote the book of shoftim, megillat ruth, and a part of sefer Shmuel
●​ Abarbanel suggests that Yermiyahu was a prophet during the destruction of the first
temple.

Yehoshua:
●​ Bought the jewish people to the land of israel and he told them follow the torah and pray
and don't do bad
●​ He established the mishkan as a place for worship in the city of Shiloh
●​ Important cause the beginning chapters of shmuel take place in shiloh
●​ Three times a year the jews would have to come bring their sacrifices in shiloh (sukkot,
pesach, and shavuot)
-​ He wanted to make sure that the tribes stay connected to each other and to
hashem so he made a meeting place
●​ Yeshoshua did not assign leadership after him so the shoftim developed (the book of
judges)
●​ The end of the book of shoftim shows that as a nation you need leadership. The same
way a flock of sheep can get lost without a shepherd we too can get lost without a
central leadership
-​ By the end of the book of judges we are in a bad situation because a woman was
brutally taken advantage of and this destroys a whole shevet
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Why does Shmuel need his own book when he is built on other people's books? He managed to
inspire the whole of the jewish people and he was very instrumental in creating the central
monarchy system. He appoints the first two kings so he is super impactful and important and
that is why he has his own book.
​
King vs. Shofet (Judge):
●​ A king mostly has political responsibilities like going to war and dealing with other
nations while a judge could be both religious and political or it can be only one or the
other. Judges achieve greatness by the support of their followers.
●​ A king has to come from the tribe of yehuda and has to be appointed by the Navi
●​ A judge does not have his children take over but with the king you want a monarchy that
has its next leaders lined up
→ David Hamelech then Shlomo Hamelech then Rechavam, then Yeruvum
●​ Shmuel is in the position of a Shofet and has to appoint a king

Chapter 1:
Overview: Chana couldn’t get pregnant but Penina had 10 sons and made Chana feel horrible.
Chana was Elkana’s favorite wife regardless of her fertility struggles and he is saying basically
this is ur destiny just be happy that you have a husband that loves you. Chana prayed so hard for
a son and promised that if she was blessed with one she would give him back to hashem as a
thank you. Chana gives birth to Shmuel and once she weans him she brings him to the house of
Hashem at shiloh
●​ Elkana wasn’t sympathetic to Chanas struggles but hashem describes him as “‫”איש אחד‬
so we can’t judge him so quickly
●​ Chana was the main wife of Elkanah and they were married for ten years and couldnt
have children so because the husband has the halacha of pru urvu he took another wife
→ Elkana would feed her more than everyone else thinking it would make her feel
more special but it has the opposite effect and makes her feel pitied and insulted
●​ Chana talked to hashem in such an intense, full of ‫ כונה‬way. Even though she could have
just tried to take care of Peninas kids she never gave up on getting pregnant so she
prayed and said that hashem owes her a chance to be great by having a child that she
would raise in hashem's honor
●​ There were four aspects of chana’s prayers
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1.​ She is ‫מרת נפש‬:she is of a bitter spirits

-​ She can't have kids and Peninah treated her very poorly.
-​ The medresh says that penina had good intentions and treated chana that
way to make her daven harder.
-​ The medreshs also says that every time Chana had a child one of Peninas
would die and this shows that no matter the intention we cannot make
someone feel bad a person gets punished because of that
2.​ She prayed against hashem: ‫להתפלל על ה׳‬
-​ She was aggressive in her prayer and how she addressed God
-​ One gemara says she approached God with a tremendous amount of
humility and she goes
-​ Analogy: God you have created a world full of greatness and beauty and
I'm this little nobody. It's like a king who has this palace full of servants
and by you giving me a baby it's like giving your servant a piece of bread,
it’s a necessity. I am a servant of God
-​ Another gemara is saying that you gave me every part of a woman so let
me work like a women and have a kid
→ If you don’t feel that physical or emotional needs are met, you
can demand God to give you what you need
-​ There are 3 things that are determined before you're born (your mazal):
how much money you’ll have, if you’ll have kids and the gemara says that
the only way you can change that is based on your devotion to God
-​ You have to judge yourself to be worthy with arguing with God to get to
the place where hashem will be like you’re right
​ → am i worthy to have a kid and are my motivations worthy
3.​ She cries: ‫ובכה תבכה‬
-​ You can't fake cry you cry when your sad and chanas tears come from a
place of genuine sadness
-​ A tefilla that comes with a genuine cry has more effects
4.​ She promised Shmuel will be a nazir: ‫ותדר נדר‬
-​ A nazir doesn't drink or cut their hair and tey dedicate their life to God
-​ The previous judge shimshon was a nazir and he was both a failure and a
success
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-​ Shmuel was supposed to be a gilgul neshama of shimshon (a redo of the

neshama)
-​ Chana promised that her son will work in the beit hamikdash
-​ This neder shows how selfless she is and how she doesn't want a baby
for her benefit but how she wants to have a baby and do something with
her life to help serve to God’s greatness

Chapter 2:
●​ There's corruption where channa left her son
●​ Eli is the Kohen Gadol and his sons were pinchas and Chufni and they were horrible and
it contrasts to Shmuel rising to greatness
-​ They are described as people who didn’t know hashem
-​ They are described as ‫בליעל‬: without responsibility
●​ Kohanim aren't getting any ration from the beit hamikdash so what are they supposed to
eat? They eat the maiser that people took from their produce or challah from their dough
-​ The problem is chufni and pinchas were taking advantage of their positions and
decided that they were gonna take any meat they could steal with a fork. They
were taking everything for themselves.
→ they were really greedy because the halacha always makes sure that
Kohen Gadols have more than enough but chufni and pinchas always
wanted more
●​ Most people are influenced in new vulnerable situations but Shmuel always made sure to
not adapt the bad habits of people around him
-​ Chana used to visit him once a year to check in and make sure he’s on the right
path
●​ When women gave birth they’d go to the mishkan and give a birth offering to resume
relations with their husbands
-​ Chufni and Pinchas are called because even though they didn’t sleep with this
new mother they delayed her from going home. They took the laws of intimacy
into their own hands
●​ Chufni and pinchas let the power and greed go to their heads so they get punished by
the eli’s lineage will be destroyed like they die young, the house of eli will lose kahuna (a
new Kohen will come to replace), and shiloh will be destroyed and they're gonna die
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●​ Shmuel was in a very distorted environment and stayed loyal to hashem

Chapter 3:
●​ Shmuel is sleeping and Hashem appears to him in a dream
-​ He thinks that Eli’s calling him but it's Hashem's voice. Hashem speaks to Naviim
in dreams with a human voice. Shmuel wakes up and goes to Eli to see what he
needs but Eli says that he didn’t call him.
-​ This happens three times so the third time Eli realizes that Shmuel is receiving
prophecy and he should stay asleep and respond with ‫ הניני‬so Hashem hears his
voice. However Shmuel says ‫ דבר ה׳‬he doesn't say what Eli tells him to
-​ When god will do something bad to the jewish people the expression “their ears
are going to ring” is mentioned a lot
●​ The prophecy is regarding the downfall of the house of Eli, the High Priest.
-​ God then reveals to Shmuel that He is going to bring judgment upon Eli’s
household because of the corruption of Eli’s sons, Chofni and Pinchas. They had
committed grave sins, including desecrating the sacrifices and abusing their
priestly positions, yet Eli failed to restrain them. Because of this, God declares
that no sacrifice or offering will atone for their sins, and Eli's lineage will suffer
severe consequences.
●​ The next morning, Eli insists that Shmuel relay the prophecy, and upon hearing it, Eli
humbly accepts God's judgment, saying, "He is the Lord; let Him do what is good in His
eyes."
-​ This prophecy marks Shmuel's emergence as a prophet, as the chapter
concludes by stating that all of Israel came to recognize him as a true prophet of
God.

Chapter 4:
●​ The Mishkan: it is where the Luchot stayed and It was where God’s presence was the
most. It was in the center of the beit hamikdash so everyone was centered around it. It
was the dwelling place of God The luchot and mishkan serve as a physical reminder of
hashem
●​ Through divine intervention anything is possible but in order to do it you have to show
loyalty to God
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●​ Shmuel had his prophecy that something bad was about to happen
●​ The Jews and the plishtim get into a battle with 400 men and the plishtim are winning
-​ They were confused why they were losing
→ instead of just doing teshuva they bring the aron to the battlefield and
blow the shofar which is them practicing in paganism making it worse
●​ God gives the plishtim a good feeling that they can win-even though they are our
enemies
●​ So much happened in this battle: Chufni and pinchas die in this battle and the aron was
taking by the plishtim
●​ The plishtim are on the way to destroy Shiloh so Shual goes and tells Eli what's going on.
Eli is super old and can't see and he tells Eli that your sons died and Eli has no reaction
but when he found out that the Aron was taken he drops dead
-​ he cared more about the Aron then his children
-​ Pinchas wife was about to give birth and she named her son e-kavod meaning to
honor or respect because that's what the jews have become and she died in
childbirth

Chapter 6/7:
●​ Bringing the aron from one location to another called the house of dagon
-​ Dagon: something that is half human half fish and fish were a type of God to the
pagans
-​ They brought it here to show how much they respected it because the plishtim
attribute a lot of power to the dagon
●​ The next morning the dagon was on the ground so they think it was the wind or that it
just fell so they decided to keep the aron because they didn't think the aron did it since
the dagon was more powerful to the plishtim
-​ they kept the arch and they were all infected with hemorrhoids

Chapter 8:
●​ The jews came to shmuel and asked for a king and it made Shmuel upset and It made
him upset for a few reasons because
a.​ It was premature and they weren't happy with Shmuel
b.​ The way they asked was rude
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c.​ This would lead to a separation between religion and the state
d.​ They wanted to worship idols
●​ Shmuel saw that their motivation wasn’t good
●​ Hashem says to shmuel: do what they're asking because they aren’t going against you
they're going against me this is a pattern for everytime they come to do teshuva things
go well but then they return to their original path and do bad
-​ Hashem is hoping that by anointing a new king like a political leader maybe they
will be influenced in a positive way
-​ Appoint a king for them but make sure they know what the consequences of
having a king means
→ they are asking for an absolute authority and someone with this king of
authority can abuse their power and steal everything from you and
become a tyrant—kings have control over your entire existence
●​ The citizens refused to listen to shmuel about why they don't need a political leader but
they were stubborn and unwilling to change their thoughts. They believe they are right

Shaul Characteristics:
●​ Shaul becomes king and the first king comes from Rachel emeinu’s lineage
-​ He comes from shevet binyamin not shevet yehuda even though yaakov says
shevet yehuda would bring leadership because the first king had to come from
him
-​ He had to fight amalek and the person who did that had to come from shevet
binyamin since amalek gave from Asav and all the shvatim bowed to Asav when
they met him except for binyamin cause he wasn’t born yet so the only shevet
who didn’t bow to amalek had to destroy amalek. Its symbolism
-​ They were the smallest because of pilegesh yegiva
Pilegesh Yegiv: a woman who was brutally tortured and raped
●​ He is a tzaddik and knows what he can and can’t say. He’s very careful about his gaze
(eyes). He is careful about what he listens to (ears). He is also physically great
-​ He has never sinned until he eventually sins
-​ He was compared to a one year old cause he never sinned
→ this isn’t a great quality long term because when he eventually does
sin he can’t own up to his flaws
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●​ Shaul says that after searching for a while they have to return home because my father
is going to worry about us
-​ Him saying us instead of me shows that he is very humble and has a lot of
humility
●​ Shaul doesn't have money which shows he isn’t materialistic
●​ Shaul and moshe have similarities because of the donkey

Chapter 9 and 10:

●​ Hashem gives nevuah to an individual and the main message of the prophecy is to
rebuke people
●​ How shmuel serves the people is by giving them good advice and counseling
●​ Overall if you want a king you have to make sure it doesn't take over the place of hashem
●​ Everything happened at the right time and right place for shaul and shmuel to come
together
-​ They spend a whole night on the roof together learning torah and mystices and
shmuel gives shaul some of his nevuah. He knows shaul is gonna replace him so
instead of being bitter he puts a lot of energy into investing a ton into shaul
because it is Gods wish
●​ Shaul was TOO humble because people didn’t respect him as much and because he
never sinned he needed to know how to take responsibility
●​ You put oil on the head of a king to anoint them to their position
-​ By putting oil you are giving it quality and making it special
-​ You're bringing positivity to a reality by making a ritual and oil symbolizes light
and bringing light so by putting oil on the king is symbolizing that this individual
will bring light and hope to the nation
ex. Apple and honey on rosh hashanah
●​ Shmuel was a great holy leader but now he’s happy to step down and help shaul be a
great leader
●​ Shaul was designated by god to be a ruler (it doesn’t say king because Hashem is the
only king)
-​ Because he was so humble he was doubting himself the same way that moshe
doubted himself but hashem gave moshe signs to prove he is the right one to
lead so shmuel gives shaul three signs to show him he’s the right leader
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1.​ He has to go to kever rachel and he will see two people there and they will
tell shaul the missing donkeys have been found.
2.​ The second location is in Bet El and he is going to bump into three
people. One is walking around with three sheep, another is walking around
with bread and the third is walking around with bread. This is significant
because basically shmuel is telling shaul that he is dealing with a very
diverse nation—some are like sheep, some are like bread, and some are
like wine (bread and wine are materialistic kind of people) so you have to
learn how to relate to all different kinds of people
3.​ You’re going to bump into bnei nevi'im in the giva and you will find
yourself in their company and you will spend time with them and learn
mystical ideas about our traditions and religions and you will begin to be a
navi. By dipping the oil you are preparing to receive prophecy
→ Shmuel says that once you see these signs you will know you’re
the right person and hashem is there with you and he sent you to
do this
●​ Shaul sees these signs and he has a change of heart he feels confident cause he is
getting nevuah but there was a 180 from the people and they’re all confused and not
accepting him because they didn’t want a leader with a spiritual essence they wanted a
political guy.
-​ Abarbanel says that monarchy has tons of issues because he worked alongside
them but he is of the opinion that democracy is even worse because they have
too much ability to elect anyone they want and the fate of the nation is in their
own hands vs. with a navi hashem wanted them and they are right
-​ Shaul’s uncle is one of the first people to doubt him and asks what did shmuel tell
you? Shaul responds by saying that Shmuel told him that the donkeys have been
found but he didn’t tell him that he was anointed by hashem
●​ By the end of chapter 10 Shaul goes home because a king needs total power and needs
to be accepted by the navi AND the nation and the nation didn’t accept him
-​ If you don’t project confidence no one will trust you
-​ Shauls whole vibe changed and he destroyed the whole city of Nove and he didn’t
want to give up melucha
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→ he went from being such a tzaddik who was praised for his greatness to
someone who kind of lost it and did horrible things

Pesel Micha: Micha essentially convinced an entire tribe (Shevet Dan) into idol worship. The
whole shevet dan had to change their way out of avodah zarah because they were all followers
of pesel micha and if it wasn’t stopped it would’ve taken over all of israel. This was a result of
having no authority and they all became evil.

Everything for the Final

Chapter 11:
●​ Pilegesh B’ Givah- at the end of shoftim there's an incident that the navi talks abt to show
how at this point we need a leader who will change the faith of the Jewish nation.
-​ This is the story of a man who is married to a woman Pilegesh and he gets upset
with her and she leaves to the house of her father. Her husband misses her and
decides to go get her back and eventually the wife goes back with her husband
and when they travel back it takes a few days so one night they end up in the city
of Giva. An old man approaches them and says you shouldn't stay outside. I'll
host you for the night. In the middle of the night a mob of Jews surround the
home and they tell the old man to send the man out of the house so that they
could abuse him. They take the woman and abuse her and rape her all night and
they return her dead in the morning.
-​ Similar to the story of Sodom

Chapter 12:
●​ Shmuel was able to successfully unite all the jewish people
●​ Fought against nachash who fought against yavesh gilad
●​ There's a second coronation for shaula and at this coronation everyone accepts him as
the king

Chapter 13:
●​ At the time that shaul became a king the main enemy of the jewish people were the
Pilishtim. They had a long history of being an enemy of the jewish people and no matter
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how many times they were pushed back the plishtim were able to find their way in and
were big parts of the financial responsibility in israel
-​ The best way for shaul to prove himself is by pushing the plishtim out of the land
●​ Shauls son yonatan killed a couple of people
-​ He attacked a plishtim officer which declares a war
-​ Only 3000 Jews fighting and there are 30,00 plishtim going on foot, 6000
horsemen, its basically impossible to beat them
→ the only way to beat them is to daven and do teshuva and to really connect to
God as a way to win this war as a miracle
●​ Shmuel told shaul that he was going to bring his troops to Gilgal and wait 7 days for
shmuel and those 7 days are a little ambiguous of when the seventh day ends. Shmuel is
late, soldiers are disappearing and people are getting scared. Shaul decides to bring the
karbonot alone instead of waiting for Shmuel because he wanted to attack his enemies
which was really bad and shmuel tells Shaul he is no longer qualified to be the king
●​ Earlier in Shmuel I shaul is described as a 1 year old but abarbanel says its in reference
to his first year as king
●​ Rashi talks about how Shaul never sinned but is that a good or bad thing? Bad because
you have never had to be responsible and own up to your mistake and do teshuva
-​ If you want to be a tzaddik you have to fail and learn how to get back up from that
failure and grow from it
-​ Rabbi Sacks says its important for a leader to take responsibility for their actions
and that's why the king was supposed to come from Yehuda because Yehuda
was a doer but still was human and made mistakes
●​ The first year as a ruler you have to grow stronger spiritually with God and also in a
military way
●​ Yonatan is going to be very involved in this war and help lead to victory

Chapter 14:
●​ Shaul is standing at the location and he is left with only 600 men from his original 3000
●​ Yonatan says to his na’ar: Lets go to the camp of the plishtim and find out their plan and
what they wanna do
●​ Shaul says to his na’ar: let's reveal ourselves to the camp and if they say wait over there
were gonna get you then we’ll know it's not a good idea to do this but if they say come
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over here you’re gonna get what you deserve then we should go in so we can implement
our plan
-​ Is this considered nichush? Nichush is like if you tell yourself that on a date if a
guy asks you a specific thing than I know it’s a sign from hashem, basically it's
making up signs from god that somethings meant to be. To some it is
considered
●​ Yonatan ate the honey and everyones like dont u know ur dad declared a fast day so
what are you doing? Yonatan knows he’s rebelling against the command of the king and
he doesnt care and says i dont get why my dad decides to go back to fasting in the
middle of a battle we should just finish this and win
●​ Shaul losses a lot of power because he doesn’t know how to lead

Chapter 15:
●​ The war of Amalek happens now and this is ½ times the torah calls for genocide
-​ We try to keep peace between them at first and ask them to keep the 7 mitzvot
bnei noach
●​ Amelek stems from Esav and Yaakov and Esav have hated each other for generations
because Esav believes that yaakov stole Israel and the bechor from him and this hatred
will never go away
-​ The nation of Amalek doesn't want to be civilized or build themselves up but they
like to attack and hate

Chapter 16:
●​ The goal was to come to gilgal where the jews gathered to select a king but they are
gonna reconvene here to celebrate the killing of amalek and we will give sacrifices
●​ You said you were gonna kill all of amalek with no shame but you did the complete
opposite and did bad in the eyes of god

Review of chapter 15-mid 18:

There's a theme from 15 to 20.
●​ 15: the chapter where we were told about the war with amalek. Shaul was told to destroy
amalek. Shaul sins and as a result of him sinning shmuel told him that ahhshem has
taken your kingship away and given it to someone better than u. At the end of the
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chapter shaul did not step down from kingship he kept his position as a king. He is
convinced he did nothing wrong even though he didn't kill agdad and they did sacrifices
with the animals and only killed amalek.

●​ 16: two things happen. First part of the chapter is shmuel anointing david. Mashichat
David through shmuel. Shemuel went to Yishai David's dad, and David is called a na’ar
which is a young lad who usually in scripture is about understanding the years that will
come up. David will be 30 when he is crowned king and a na’ar in this case is about
12/13. He is described as admoni (of a red complexion), yafeh enaim (beautiful eyes),
and tov roeh (of good appearance). David has ruach hashem. David is officially a king by
the navi but the people haven't accepted him yet and no one besides shmuel, shaul, and
yishai know he is king. The second thing that happens is that shaul gets ruach rah after
David gets ruach hashem. When they saw that shaul was depressed, someone goes oh i
know someone who is gibor chayal, a chacham, and nibon devar which is describing
david. David goes to the castle to play the harp for shaul and shaul loves him so he lets
his become the weapon carrier.

●​ 17: there's a war and the plishtim attacks the jews again. They are preparing for a fight.
Yonaton yishais sons, and David are all at the battle field. We have the story of Goliath
now. He is 13 feet tall and stands up and says whoever can come up and fight and beat
me then you can marry my daughter who is a princess and you’ll be rich and we’ll take
care of your family. If you guys really have supernatural powers then you can fight me. In
this world if you're strong and big you have the upper hand, forget about this god stuff so
goliath is convinced he will always win. For days no one wanted to fight goliath including
shaul as king but then we have david bringing his brothers food and he hangs out to ask
what's going on with this giant. They told David to go home because he’s small but David
goes. I'm going to kill goliath. In this situation David is described as a na’ar who is about
15/16 now and is small. David said as a shepherd he kills strong animals to protect his
sheep and hashem is with me so I can do this. David never takes credit for anything he
does; he just gives credit to hashem. It is important to know that Hashem is going to
make David successful because he chose him but shaul will make it difficult for him.
David says to goliath you're coming to fight with a sword and armor and im coming to
fight in the name of hashem.
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-​ Some people say this story happened after david was anointed and because
shaul and ruach rah because when the person brough david to play the harp for
shaul shaul was like yo who is this guy and whose son is this so i know if his
lineage is good enough for kingship who was brave and killed goliath

●​ 18: They are coming back from the battlefield and the women are coming back to greet
the men from coming back from war. It's a way of celebration and they come with
instruments to greet shaul hamelech. The first way to look at the “bellaphon” is Shaul
killed 1,000 and david killed 10,000 making david look greater OR u can read it as a
different way that they both accomplished the same thing but david killed with 10,000
and shaul killed with 1,000 making shaul look stronger but shaul doesn't see it that way
and thinks the women are coming to greet david so he rolls his eyes cause they’re
complimenting david much more. All that's left for David is for him to take the crown.
This is when shauls jealousy reaches its peak. Shaul is hostile towards David He goes to
fear David and then hate David out of jealousy. What should we do with David after
defeating goliath- he got none of the rewards he was supposed to get. Due to his
jealousy, shaul tries to kill david and claim it was an accident. He throws a spear at him
and some mefarshim say that david moved as it was thrown off that it was a miracle and
shaul doesn’t succeed and is super fearful of david. Now shmuel is gonna appoint David
as a general and send him into the battlefield for the plishtim to kill him. Somehow David
keeps coming back completely unharmed because Hashem is taking care of him. This
was just stage one of shauls attempts to kill david. As a symbol of giving him kingship,
Yoanton rips his clothes. David is a soldier in the battlefield and needs clothing. As this
happens davids become more successful and popular. Shaul remembers that since
David killed Goliath he is supposed to marry his daughter Meirav. Shaul says this is good
cause you’re in the eye of people and they will wanna kill u more cause he is a target.
David says he doesn’t deserve to marry Meirav and have the king be his father in law so
shaul marries Meirav off to someone else. He sees that his other daughter Michal loves
David and decides this is the perfect way to trap David and have him be his son in law.
Once again David says i'm not worthy i dont have money or anything. He says to make
yourself worry go kill the plishtim and bring 100 of their foreskins—this would make the
plishtim so angry and forsure kill him especially because he brought 200 foreskins. It
isn’t working so now he really begins to hate David because he keeps thinking about
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shmuel's prophecy and because people are really loving David but their love for shaul
isn’t diminishing. Only shevet yehuda immediately accepted david as the king the other
shevatim took 7 years to accept him.

●​ 19: He decides to talk to his private cabinet including Yonatan because he doesn't know
yonatan and David are friends and he tells them he wants to kill david. Shaul says i don't
like david he has bad vibes and has inventions to take over the crown. This was stage
two. Yonatan saves david by saying go hide my dads coming to kill you. Yonatan says to
david-listen idk how serious he is so let's check it out and if you see my dad is super
serious about killing you then David will run away. Yonatan tells his dad that killing David
is a sin because you can’t kill an innocent man. David put his life on the line with goliath
and bc of him Hashem brought the jewish ppl a big salvation and you’re gonna kill him??
Everytime David goes and wins and survives because of Hashem, shaul gets depressed
and jealous. Shaul send people to wait at david's house to kill him and michal finds out
and helps save him. Michal finds trafim. There's three definitions for trafim: idols
(michal), fertility nuts, and a way of saving (rachel and lavan)

●​ 20: This leads to shaul getting even angrier so shaul tries to kill david publically as his
third attempt. David runs away to nob and with this shaul makes crazy rumors saying
David is going to build an army to kill and attack. He spreads rumors and stuff to destroy
David's reputation b

Chapters 21-27:
●​ David runs away to the city Nob with no food or weapons
●​ Yonatan doesn't understand why his dad wants David dead and shaul flips out on
yonatan cause he knows he’s helping david hide