7th grade
FORCES
(UNIT 7K)
01
UNDERSTANDING
THE FORCES
● A force is an action that changes or maintains the
motion of a body or object.
● Force usually can’t be seen but can have an effect
● The unit for measuring force is: Newton (N)
● A force can cause:
1. An object changes shape
2. An object changes direction
3. An object changes speed
4. An object starts or stops moving
5. An object moves faster or slower
Exploring Forces
PUSH PULL
A force to move an A force to move an
object away from our object towards our
body bodies
Examples of PUSH
Examples of PULL
Examples of Combination of PUSH & PULL
Playing a guitar Sawing wood Scrubbing the floor Rowing a boat
02
DIFFERENT FORCES
Two Categories of Forces
Contact Forces Non - Contact Forces
The force need to touch The forces can affect an
an object before the object from a distance.
force can affect it.
Examples: Examples:
1. Pushes and pulls 1. Gravity
2. Friction 2. Electrostatic
3. Air & water resistance 3. Magnetic
4. Upthrust
5. Springs
6. Weights
7. Drag
03
WEIGHT AND MASS
Weight vs Mass
Weight Mass
● Gravitational force of ● The amount of matter
attraction on an object. that makes up an object.
● Changes depending on ● Constant
the gravity value. ● Unit: kilograms (kg) or
● Unit: Newton (N) grams (g)
● Formula: W = m. g
W = weight
m = mass
g = gravity
04
NEWTON’S LAWS
Newton’s Laws
1. An object in motion tends to stay in motion and an
object at rest tends to stay at rest unless acted
upon by an unbalanced force (Law of Inertia)
Note:
Inertia is an object's resistance to a change in its motion
2. Force equals mass times acceleration
(F = m.a)
F = Force
m = mass
a = accelaration
3. For every action there is an equal and opposite
reaction.
Determine which of Newton's laws it includes
3
Determine which of Newton's laws it includes
1
Determine which of Newton's laws it includes
2
Determine which of Newton's laws it includes
1
05
COMBINING FORCES
● When more than one force acts on an object, the
forces combine to form a NET FORCE
● Forces may work together or they may be
opposite forces
Balanced Forces
● Total/Net force= 300 N - 300 N = 0 N
● When the forces are balanced, the object is at
equilibrium and does not move
Unbalanced Forces
● Total/Net force= 300 N - 100 N = 200 N (move left)
● When the forces are unbalanced, the object will move
in the direction of the greater force
Practice!
Determine the net force below and object’s direction
(a) (b)
(c) (d)
06
FRICTION
● Friction exists when two surfaces are touching
and comes from the fact that no two surfaces are
perfectly smooth
● Friction acts in the opposite direction of motion
and will cause a moving object to slow down and
eventually stop
● To make an object move, the force you exert on an
object must be greater than friction
Practice!
If Ana pushes the book with a force of 41N and the table
applies 6N of friction, what is the net force on the book?
Practice!
An object’s mass is 128kg. Your friend pushes the object
down a hill on a sled with a force of 68N. The snow has a
friction of 4N. What is your acceleration?
07
PRESSURE
● Pressure is the amount of force pushing on a
certain area
● Unit: Pascal (Pa) or N/m2
Formula
Practice!
1. Determine the pressure exerted on the ground when an
giraffe who weights 1200 N stands on one foot has an
area of 3000 cm2
2. 4 Pa pressure occurs from an object with an area of
25 m2. Determine the force exerted by the object to
produce pressure.
Thanks!
Do you have any questions?
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